Differentiation antigens

Cellular therapies in transplantation and cancer are based on specific cells separated or sorted from human blood, bone marrow, or cord blood by means of their specific cell surface markers or cell differentiation antigens, e.g., CD3, CD4, CD8, CD 14, CD 19, and CD34. For example, the CD34+ stem cells, especially those derived from human embryos, have the capacity to differentiate in culture to generate different somatic cells, e.g., liver cells, heart cells, neurons, etc. This exploding field of research is now termed regenerative medicine. 

Inadequate performance may result from lack of antigen specificity, e.g., tumor-specific antigens are often differentiation antigens which also occur, although in a lower density on nontarget cells (Poste, 1984). 

Petti M.A., Matheson S.F. and Burd G.D. (1999). Differential antigen expression during metamorphosis in the tripartite olfactory system of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. Cell Tiss Res 297, 383-396. 

Kurzinger, K., Springer, T. A. (1982). Purification and structural characterization of LFA-1, a lymphocyte function-associated antigen, and Mac-1, a related macrophage differentiation antigen associated with the type three complement receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 257,12412-18. 

A relatively recent twist in studying SE toxicity has employed transgenic mice. As an example, animals expressing both human HEA-DQ6 and duster of differentiation antigen (CD)4-positive T cells readily succumb to normally sublethal amounts of SEB (versus nontransgenic controls) without any potentiating... 

Unlike differentiation antigens, prognostic markers are usually evaluated semiquantitatively, both in terms of the proportion of tumor cells showing positivity and the strength of the reaction. 

Hanjan, S. N. S., Kearney, J. F., and Cooper, M. D. (1982) A monoclonal antibody (MMA) that identifies a differentiation antigen on human myelomonocytic cells. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 23,172. 

Arklie, J., Taylor-Papadimitriou, J., Bodmer, W., Egan, M. and Millis, R. 1981. Differentiation antigens expressed by epithelial cells in the lactating breast are also detectable in breast cancers. Int. J. Cancer 28, 23-29. 

Cell differentiation antigens (cluster of differentiation, CD) 187,407 Cell membranes 3... 

The Thy-1 antigen is a cell surface antigen found in mice and rats. The antigen is membrane bound and is one of a number of differentiation antigens which appear on bone marrow lymphocytes and early postnatal development. Thy-1 is the product of codominant alleles on chromosome 9 in mice, and all inbred mouse strains are homozygous at this locus and express either Thy-1.1 or Thy-1.2 antigens - We previously proposed that the allo-... 

Feizi, T. (1982) The antigens Ii, SSEA-1 and ABH are in interrelated system of carbohydrate differentiation antigens expressed on glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 152, 167-177. 

McKnight AJ, Gordon S. Membrane molecules as differentiation antigens of murine macrophages. Advances in Immunology 1998, 68, 271-314. 

C23. Cobbold, S., Hale, G., and Waldmann, H., Non-lineage, LFA-1 family, and leucocyte common antigens New and previously defined clusters. In Leukocyte Typing III White Cell Differentiation Antigens (A. J. McMichael, P. C. L. Beverley, S. Cobbolds, etal., eds.), pp. 788-804. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1987. 

Zl. Zhou, L.-J., and Tedder, T. F., CD20 workshop panel report. In Leukocyte Typing V White Cell Differentiation Antigens (S. F. Schlossman, L. Boumsell, W. R. Gilks, et al. eds.), pp. 511-514. Oxford University Press, New York, 1995. 

Pelstring RJ, Allred DC, Esther RJ, et al. Differential antigen preservation during autolysis. 

Serre, G., Mils, V., Haftek, M., Vincent, C., Croute, F., Reano, A., Ouhayoun, J.-P., Bettinger, S., and Soleilhavoup, J.P., Identification of late differentiation antigens of human cornified epithelia, expressed in re-organized desmosomes and bound to cross-linked envelopes,. /. Invest. Dermatol., 97, 1061, 1991. 

Knapp W, Majdic O, Stockinger H, Bettelheim P, Liszka K, Koller U, et al. Monoclonal antibodies to human myelomonocyte differentiation antigens in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 1984 l(4) 257-262. 

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