Outgrowth, neurite

Furthermore, PKCe is required for nerve growth factor-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and neurite outgrowth by ethanol. It is also required for ethanol-induced increases in N-type voltage-gated calcium channels in PC 12 neural cells. 

Poly-L-lysine-blended chitosan, collagen-blended chitosan and albumin-blended chitosan were also considered, with collagen control material. Culture of PC12 cells and fetal mouse cerebral cortex cells on these biomaterials was used to evaluate their nerve cell affinity. The composite materials, had significantly improved nerve cell affinity compared to chitosan. Poly-L-lysine-blended chitosan exhibited the best nerve cell affinity and was a better material in promoting neurite outgrowth than collagen [328]. 

Figure 4. Neurite outgrowth by LA-N-1 human neuroblastoma cells in culture. LA-N-1 human PNS neuroblastoma cells were grown for five days in N2 medium (as described by Bottenstein and Sato, 1979) on a polylysine and fibronectin-modified surface. The cells were plated in clumps, rather than as a single cell suspension, which enhances neurite extension. Very long processes result, and exhibit varicosities along their length. Most of the cells have migrated from the central clump. (Photo courtesy of Dr. jane Bottenstein.)...

Holmes TC, de Lacalle S, Su X et al (2000) Extensive neurite outgrowth and active synapse formation on self-assembling peptide scaffolds. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97 6728-6733... 

An assay that produces multiple biological readouts. Most commonly used in relation to the mathematical analysis of an image acquired using an automated microscope whereby analysis algorithms quantify cellular parameters (e.g., number, motility, neurite outgrowth, size, shape) and subcellular events (e.g., receptor internalization, protein translocation, protein expression nuclei shape). 

Neary JT Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, Miami, FL Effects of lead on nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth and branching due to an interaction of lead with signal transduction mechanisms important for neuronal differentiation Department of Veterans Affairs, Research and Development... 

Ping L, Kimihiro M, Tohru Y, Yasushi O. Nardosinone, the first enhancer of neurite outgrowth-promoting activity of staurosporine and dibutyryl cyclic AMP in PCI 2D cells. Dev Brain Res 2003 145 177-183. 

Santuccione, A., Sytnyk, V., Leshchyns ka, I., and Schachner, M. (2005) Prion protein recruits its neuronal receptor NCAM to lipid rafts to activate p59fyn and to enhance neurite outgrowth. J. Cell Biol. 169, 341-354. 

Leshchynska, I., Sytnyk, V., Morrow, J. S. and Schachner, M. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) association with PKCP2 via pi spectrin is implicated in NCAM-mediated neurite outgrowth. /. Cell Biol. 161 625-639, 2003. 

Tomaselli, K. J., Neugebauer, K. N., Bixby, J. L., Lilien, J. and Reichardt, L. F. N-cadherin and integrins two receptor systems that mediate neurite outgrowth on astrocyte surfaces. Neuron 1 33-43,1988. 

Central nervous system myelin contains molecules that inhibit neurite growth. One of the major obstacles to new neurite outgrowth in the adult CNS is the presence... 

Nogo-A is a potent inhibitor of neurite growth and blocks axonal regeneration in the central nervous system. Early in vitro experiments showed that neurite outgrowth was impeded across a culture dish coated with CNS myelin whereas neurites would actively grow on a... 

Meiri, K. F., Saffell, J. L., Walsh, F. S. and Doherty, P. Neurite outgrowth stimulated by neural cell adhesion molecules requires growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) function and is associated with GAP-43 phosphorylation in growth cones. /. Neurosci. 18 10429-10437,1998. 

Chen, M. S., Huber, A. B., Van Der Haar, M. E. etal. Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitor and an antigen for monoclonal antibody IN-1. Nature 403 434-439, 2000. 

Oertle, T., Van Der Haar, M. E., Bandtlow, C. E. et al. Nogo-A inhibits neurite outgrowth and cell spreading with three discrete regions. /. Neurosci. 23 5393-5406,2003. 

Wang,K. C.,Koprivica,V.,Kim, J.A etal. Oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein is a Nogo receptor ligand that inhibits neurite outgrowth. Nature 417 941-944,2002. 

The polymer/SWCNT composites can be used as Scaffolds in tissue engineering. The donor-acceptor interactions can be used to assemble thin polymer/SWCNT films stepwise. This method also can be expended to more thermally and oxidatively stable polymer systems. For example, the P4VP/SWCNT films can be used as scaffolds for the synthesis of novel hybrid structures (Correa-Duaite et al., 2004). The polyethyl-enimine (PEI)-SWCNTs composites were used as a substrate for cultured neurons, and promoted neurite outgrowth and branching (Rouse et al., 2004). Correa-Duarte et al. (2004 Landi et al., 2005) reported that 3D-MWCNT-based networks are ideal candidates for scaffolds/matrices in tissue engineering. 

Takeuchi, H., et ah, Hsp70 and Hsp40 improve neurite outgrowth and suppress intracytoplasmic aggregate formation in cultured neuronal cells expressing mutant SODl. Brain Res, 2002, 949(1-2), 11-22. 

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