Monitoring design requirements

For more than one capacitor bank one RVT for each bank will be necessary for the correct discharge of each bank, (Figure 26.5). An RVT, if provided with an additional star-connected tertiary winding rated for 110 V line to line, can aiso check the discharge condition and its duration and if it meets the design requirements. This can even be monitored remotely through a relay and control panel. 

Let s take the example of benzene, which at 12,000 ppm, is 100% LEL. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) states that equipment can operate, without LEL monitors or controls, if the LEL is less than 25% LEL. For benzene then, 25% LEL is equal to 3,000 ppm. This upper boundary becomes a dictating factor in the selection and design of the oxidation equipment. If the concentration is higher than 25% LEL, the NFPA requirements state that an LEL monitor is required. Using an LEL monitor, NFPA guidelines allow operation up to 50% LEL (a 2 1 safety factor). Thus, 100% LEL is explosive if the stream is at 25%, a factor safety of four exists. 

Are end-of-pipe emission control systems monitored on a regular basis to ensure compliance with design requirements (inputs and outputs) Provide monitoring information over the last 12 months. Identify the risk category on a system-by-system basis. 

Special attention should be paid to the design of an environmental monitoring program. The design of an environmental monitoring program requires sound professional... 

Inert system design The dryer atmosphere is commonly inerted with nitrogen, but superheated steam or self-inertized systems are also possible. Self-inertized systems are not feasible for flammable solvent systems. These systems must be operated with a small overpressure to ensure no oxygen ingress. And continuous on-line oxygen concentration monitoring is required to ensure that oxygen levels remain well below the explosion hazard limit. 

Fly ash and bottom ash has been declared a special waste by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in concordance with the Federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (R.C.R.A.). This designation requires that coal ash disposal ponds be sealed to prevent downward percolation of leachate and that groundwater monitoring systems be installed at the site. Many disposal ponds constructed prior to 1976 are unlined and may allow the infiltration of leachate into the groundwater aquifer. While newer ponds may be lined, the life of the lining before it is breached is unknown. Therefore, information is needed on the chemical composition of ash leachates to evaluate the effect of this leachate on groundwater quality. 

Highly technical units such as the 520th TAML and Tech Escort use Field Mini-CAMS. They are designed for field industry monitoring and require 8 hours of training. 

This is often the easiest evaluation to monitor since it operates with a full project team and quality objectives can be co-ordinated into the complete design requirements. It is also founded on long-term commercial relationships where the company history will exist to support the actual quality of performance. 

FDA s research and evaluation of immunoassay techniques in its monitoring program involve both commercial immunoassay detection kits and new EIA methods developed for selected pesticides. Although no complete immunoassay methods are commercially available, several detection kits have been marketed. Development of new methods designed to meet FDA monitoring program requirements will provide valuable information under conditions of actual use. 

Helideck operations. Several improvements have taken place within helideck operations during the study period. New helideck manuals have been issued, helideck design requirements have been improved and helideck motion monitoring systems have been introduced. 

Thus, if the structure is well designed, another major question will be to prove that the manufacture process is appropriate to deliver a structure which complies with the design requirements. A basic approach may consist of saying that for each design feature, the inspections performed by quality control process will ensure that on the manufactured structure there are no discrepancies with respect to the design. But unfortunately, this approach may not be optimal in the sense that it may need a large munber of parameters to be monitored and the inspections cost may be high. 

The following design requirement for the radiation monitoring system supports safe operation of the plant under normal conditions, and provides defence in depth eapability during faulted... 

The three claims are all underpiimed by appropriate safety management throughout life, to make sure that design requirements are maintained, emergency arrangements are in place, and environmental impact is appropriately monitored and managed. 

Means should be provided so that the operator is aware of the performance of the radiation monitoring systems under the environmental conditions that occur as a result of an accident. The most onerous design requirements are associated with the radiation measurement systems that are within or close to the reactor containment. The design of the systems for sampling and the direct measurement of activity in gaseous effluents is also complex. 

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