Radiation Monitoring System

Figure 2. Layout of main radiation monitoring systems on board of Horizont" hydrographical vessel while performing monitoring of K-159 sinking area (Barents Sea, 31.08.2003 - 09.09.2003)...

To ensure safety of works during temporary functioning and remediation of the CMB, the establishment of a radiation monitoring system and of a physical protection system is necessary. 

Vysotskiy, V.L., Gichev, D.V., et al. (1998) Conceptual basis for development of an automated radiation monitoring system in Primorskiy kray, J. Russia s Customs Policy in the Far East Region, 2, pp.79-94 (in Russian). 

The Agency shall, in accordance with its Statute and upon a request of a State Party which does not have nuclear activities itself and borders on a State having an active nuclear programme but not Party, conduct investigations into the feasibility and establishment of an appropriate radiation monitoring system in order to facilitate the achievement of the objectives of this Convention. 

Some of the stringent requirements on the storage pools are eff < 0.95 (even if unused fuel elements are introduced), earthquake safety, no possible water loss, water level automatically kept constant, adequate leakage and radiation monitoring systems, water tenqjerature < 65°C, acceptably low radiation level in working areas, etc. 

There are five safety systems in Lungmen DCIS. They are Reactor Protection System (RPS), Neutron Monitor System (NMS), Process Radiation Monitoring System (PRMS), Containment Monitoring System (CMS), and Engineered Safety Features (ESF). The software development for all these safety systems follows the BTP-14 requirements. Along with the development, the IV V activities are performed. Of the safety systems, RPS, NMS, PRMS and CMS are designed by GE NUMAC, and ESF is sub-contracted by GE to Eaton Corporation. 

Measurements of the radiation levels in an area are a vital aspect of radiation safety. Every laboratory using radioisotopes should have ready access to the means to measure the ambient activity in the facility. In areas where there are fixed sources of substantial radiation such as a °Co irradiator, some types ofaccelerators,ora nuclearreactor, fixed radiation monitoring systems usually are installed. Thesepermanently installed systems need to be supplemented by portable instruments to be used to detect radiation levels in localized areas that might not be seen by the fixed system, or arising from movable sources. 

Location and Design Criteria for Area Radiation Monitoring Systems for Light Water Nuclecu- Reactors, ANSI/ANS-HPSSC-6. 8.1, American National Standards Institute, New Yoik, 1981. 

In addition to a local station alarm, radiation monitoring systems should have central (i.e., control room or radiation monitoring office) readout and alarm panels that are accessible after a DBA to evaluate internal conditions. 

The fire protection systems and radiation monitoring systems prowde for and enhance worker safety in accordance with industrial safety practices. 

Radiation Monitoring systems are provided to warn personnel of unexpected changes in radiological conditions and to monitor the radiation environment within the HCF. Continuous Air Monitoring Systems (CAMS) and Radiation Area Monitoring Systems (RAMS) are used. Both systems have local meter readout, visible alarm, and an audible aiarm. Additionally both systems have remote readout and monitoring capabilities however, this capability is not currently implemented. 

HCF personnel, ES H Center personnel, and Facilities Operations and Engineering (FOE) Center personnel share responsibilities for initial startup testing at the HCF. For example, HCF personnel may functionally test tools and equipment intended for use in the steel confinement boxes (SCBs) using the mockup manipulator arm located in Room 101 before the tools and equipment are inserted into the SCBs. ES H Center personnel test the radiation-monitoring system. Facilities Operations and Engineering Center personnel are responsible for performing initial tests on all major modifications, and SSCs under their jurisdiction (e. g., fire-suppression system). 

Radiation monitoring systems warn of unsafe radiation conditions and verify bv ... 

Area radiological control technicians monitor the fixed radiation monitor systems and use portable hand held gamma monitors to verify that safe conditions exist at key points in the process. ... 

The system is intraided to check continuously that the operational radioactive limits coupled with operational activities are sufficient to prevent excess exposure of public and plant pmonnel. It includes the process radiation monitoring system, the effluent radiation monitoring system, and the in-plant area radiation monitoring system. 

The plant building schematic is shown in Fig. III-8. The plant includes instrumentation and control systems a system for heat removal to consumers an auxiliary power supply system and a radiation monitoring system, including process radiation monitoring, dosimetric monitoring, and environmental monitoring. 

Radiation monitoring system in confinement for emergency conditions (environmental qualification and ranges)... 

The radiation monitoring system is divided functionally into two subsystems ... 

The following design requirement for the radiation monitoring system supports safe operation of the plant under normal conditions, and provides defence in depth eapability during faulted... 

The radiation monitoring system must provide early indieation of a system or equipment malfunction that could result in excessive radiation dose to plant personnel or lead to plant damage. 

The.radiation monitoring system provides effective monitoring of process discharges and airborne contamination. The process and effluent radiological monitoring and sampling subsystem provides radiation monitoring for the four functions listed below. Individual monitors may provide functionality in more than one of these functions. 

The radiation monitoring system uses distributed radiation monitors, where each radiation monitor consists of one or more radiation detectors and a dedicated radiation processor. Each radiation processor receives averages and stores radiation data and transmits alarms and data to the plant control system for control (as required), display and recording. The alarms provided include low (fail), alert and high. Selected channels have a rate-of-rise alarm. 

Further details of the radiation monitoring system are provided in Section 11.5.2 of Reference 6.1. 6.5.18 Radioactive Waste Drain System... 

Controls for minimising contamination, monitoring radiation and for entering contaminated areas will be established before the plant goes operational. Information on the radiation monitoring systems is provided in the EDCD, Section 11.5 (Reference 12.1). Section 9.4 provides information on ventilation systems, specifically ventilation of radioactive portions of the plant is addressed in Sections 9.4.1, 9.4.2, and 9.4.3. 

During operation, the Site Licensee will employ a comprehensive radiation protection programme (see Section 12.7). The APIOOO design has an installed system of area radiation and airborne activity monitoring instrumentation. A description of the radiation monitoring system (RMS) is presented in Chapter 11.5 of the EDCD (Reference 12.1). 

The inputs to and outlet from the liquid radwaste system will be monitored, as outlined in UKP-GW-GL029 (Reference 14.14). Any leakage from the liquid radwaste system would be detected by the internal radiation monitoring system (see Chapter 12 of this PCSR). This leakage would be contained within the drainage system (and passed back through the system once leakage had been addressed). 

CONTROLS INSTRUMENTATION VI INSTALLED RADIATION MONITOR SYSTEMS... 

The area radiation monitoring system i II system consisting of two Rack Units possible) measuring channels. Each me of a model DAl-6 GM detector assembly 8 electronic channel. Units needing radiation level and a local alarm also indicator. All units have a range of mR/hour and use a geiger-mueller detec radiation. These units will continue 1000 R/hour fields. 

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