Hydrogen fuel

The Hydrogen Fuel cell is a developing technology that will allow great amounts of electrical power to be obtained using a source of hyrogen gas. 

Under the National Energy PoHcy Act of 1992 nonpetroleum-based transportation fuels are to be introduced in the United States. Such fuels include natural gas (see Gas, natural), Hquefied petroleum gas (qv) (LPG), methanol (qv), ethanol (qv), and hydrogen (qv), although hydrogen fuels are not expected to be a factor until after the year 2000 (see also Alcohol fuels Hydrogen energy). 

Calorific value The measure of the heating capacity of a fuel, usually expressed as the available heat resulting from the complete combustion of that fuel in kj kg or kj nr Gross calorific value includes the heat of condensation of the water vapor in a hydrogen fuel net calorific value excludes this. 

Howard, W. B., Rodehorst, C. W., and Small, G. E. 1975. Flame Arresters for High-Hydrogen Fuel-Air Mixtures. CEP Loss Prevention Manual, 9, 46-53. 

Even in a simple hydrogen fuel cell system, capital cost reduction requires improvements in many diverse areas, such as catalyst loadings, air pressuriza-... 

Moore, R. M. Gottesfeld, S. and Zelenay, P. (1999). A Comparison Between Direct-Methanol and Direct Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles. SAE Future Transportation Technologies Conference. Paper 99FTT-48 (August). 

While hydrogen engines have some advantages over natural-gas engines, the hydrogen fuel cell offers a true quantum leap in both emissions and efficiency. 

Some environmentalists have also touted natural gas as a way station on the road to a hydrogen fuel (carbon dioxide-free) economy. As seen in Table 1, per unit of energy released, natural gas generates about 23 percent less carbon dioxide than gasoline and about 30 percent less than heavy fuel oil. This is helpful in reducing greenhouse emissions, but the other excellent properties of natural gas are even... 

Bannister, R. L. Newby, R. A. and Yang, W.-C. (1999). Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Gas Turbine Cycle for Power Generation. Tr3ns3ctions of the ASME, Journ3l of Engineering for Gas Turbines 3nd Power 121 38-45. 

The rationale for using a hydrogen fuel cell is that the cell reaction produces only water. 

This automobile is powered by a hydrogen fuel cell with a proton exchange membrane. Its operation is pollution free, because the onl product of the combustion is water. 

---