Hydrogen gas as fuel

In contrast to LC detectors, GC detectors often require a specific gas, either as a reactant gas or as fuel (such as hydrogen gas as fuel for flame ionization). Most GC detectors work best when the total gas flow rate through the detector is 20-40 mL/min. Because packed columns deliver 20-40 mL/min of carrier gas, this requirement is easily met. Capillary columns deliver 0.5-10 mL/min thus, the total flow rate of gas is too low for optimum detector performance. In order to overcome the problem when using capillary columns, an appropriate makeup gas should be supplied at the detector. Some detectors use the reactant gas as the makeup gas, thus eliminating the need for two gases. The type and flow rate of the detector gases are dependent on the detector and can be different even for the same type of detector from different manufacturers. It is often necessary to refer the specific instrument manuals for details to obtain the information on the proper selection of gases and flow rates. All detectors are heated, primarily to keep the... 

In contrast to LC detectors, GC detectors often require a specific gas, either as a reactant gas or as fuel (such as hydrogen gas as fuel for flame ionization). Most GC detectors work best when the total gas flow rate through the detector is 20-40 ml/min. Because packed columns dehver 20-40 ml/min of carrier gas, this requirement is easily met Capillary columns dehver 0.5-10 ml/min ... 

Reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by use of natural gas as fuel, use low-NO, burners, and use hydrogen peroxide and urea in stainless steel pickling baths. 

As is mentioned in Section 3.4, the use of hydrogen gas as a source of clean energy is gaining attention. Based on the ion selectivity of CSZ, hydrogen gas can be produced by electrolysis of H2O gas. In principle, the reverse reaction of the fuel cell shown in Fig. 3.5, can be used for this purpose, that is, the electrochemical extraction of hydrogen from H2O gas by an external current. In Fig. 3.7 the equipment for the electrolysis of HjO gas, devised by General Electric Co., is shown. 

Some rockets use hydrogen gas as a fuel. When hydrogen burns in oxygen it forms water vapour. Calculate the volumes of a 02(g) used and b water, H20(g), produced if 960 dm3 of hydrogen gas, H2(g), were burned in oxygen. (Ay H = 1 O = 16) Assume 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24 dm3. 

The SMR process is used to produce a hydrogen methane mixture from natural gas as fuel decreasing energy and material costs for HMM production as compared with traditional methods. 

As you learned in previous chapters, research has been focused on using hydrogen gas as a fuel. Hydrogen is being researched as a fuel. It burns according to the following equation ... 

Alternatively, NaBH4 could be used in borohydride fuel cell systems, where the borohydride is directly oxidized [53]. Such systems have a slightly higher potential of = 1.64 V, compared to the PEM fuel cell with hydrogen gas as energy source. The reaction at the cathode is described as follows (Eq. (5.15)) ... 

Carbon nanotubes have been touted as being useful to store large amounts of hydrogen gas for fuel cell applications. From the literature, how is this contained - within the interior or adsorbed along the sidewall ... 

See Section 9.8 for a discussion of the feasibility of using hydrogen gas as a fuel. 

Using fossil fuels in solid oxide fuel cells, it is possible in cars to reform the fuels to hydrogen within the device. CO2 will be a side product, unlikely to be collectable as in stationary installations. What are the implications for greenhouse gas emissions For natural gas as fuels, what is the global gas re-... 

Reagents Air is used as oxidant and hydrogen, obtained by reforming of hydrocarbons such as natural gas, as fuel. 

Norsk Hydro, Norway s premier utility, chemicals, and metals conglomerate, announced plans to produce electricity by using hydrogen gas as a fuel for steam turbines. 

These cells employ hydrogen gas as the fuel and oxygen gas from air as the oxidant and generate about 1 V. 

A number of fuels have been proposed for fuel cell operation, e.g., methane, methanol, propane, and hydrogen gas. In reality, all of these fuels must be converted into hydrogen ions for the fuel cell to operate. Although many mobile applications envision the use of hydrogen gas as a fuel, most current stationary fuel cell systems use "reformers" to convert the base fuel. Given the existing methane infrastructure, fuel supply does not appear to be a significant problem. 

Fuel and fuel treatment Except for hydrogen gas, normal fuels need to be reformed before utilization. The water reforming needs to add water to hydrocarbons when water is not supplied in a proper amount, carbon deposition will take place. Deposited carbon can act as catalyst for further carbon deposition, leading to collapse of fuel flow. Similarly, when an amount of air for partial oxidation or autothermal oxidation is not well controlled, essentially the same... 

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