Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Hydrocarbons definition

The total effort io learn the hydrocarbon composition of crude petroleum has been tremendous. One hundred thirty hydrocarbons definitely and quantitatively have been isolated from one crude petroleum and positively identified. These compounds, representing 42.5% by volume of that crude are mostly confined to the lower boiling portion. A great many more hydrocarbons are derivable from crude petroleum. Although a considerable number of these have been synthesized, they have not as yet been isolated from crude petroleum itself in anything like a positive, quantitative manner. [Pg.352]

Classification Aliphatic organic compd. hydrocarbon Definition Solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum characterized by relatively large crystals Empirical C H2 ,2... [Pg.1240]

Synonyms Petroleum distillate Petroleum distillate light Classification Petroleum hydrocarbons Definition Mixture of volatile hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum Toxicology OSHA PELTWA400 ppm TDLo (parenteral, man) 57 mg/kg human systemic effects by parenteral route (cough, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting) mildly toxic by inh., ing. mod. skin/eye irritant skin contact may cause defatting vapor inh. can cause CNS depression, headache, unconsciousness TSCA listed Precaution Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes... [Pg.1267]

Classification Mixed petroleum hydrocarbons Definition Mixed isomer contg. 85% nonane and 15% trimethylbenzene Properties Colorless clear liq. petrol, odor misc. with abs. alcohol, benzene, ether, chloroform, CCI CS2, most org. soivs. insol. in water m.w. 150 sp.gr. 0.78 f.p. -70 C b.p. 157-196 C flash pt. (CC) 40 C ref. index 1.43 (20 C) KB value 32-37 Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA100 ppm LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 3 g/kg LCLo (inh., cat, 2.5 h) 10 g/m mildly toxic by inh. (irritation, CNS effects, headache, dizziness, confusion, fatigue) human eye irritant probably a mild to mod. skin irritation TSCA listed Precaution Combustible flamm. exposed to heat or flame explosive in vapor form when exposed to heat or flame reactive with oxidizing materials... [Pg.1364]

Classification Unsat. alicyclic hydrocarbon Definition Volatile essential oil obtained by distillation and rectification from turpentine, an oleoresin obtained from Pinusspp., contg. pinene and diterpene Formula C,oH,6... [Pg.1406]

Classification Nonaromatic hydrocarbon Definition Found in many volatiles oils (turpentine oils, galanga root oil, German pine needle oils) and isolated from turpentine fractions Empirical C10H16... [Pg.780]

Ciassification Isoparaffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon Definition Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 9-12 carbons in alkyl chain Properties Colorless clear liq. insol. in water ... [Pg.962]

Classification Isoparaffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon Definition Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 11-16 carbons in the alkyl chain Properties Colorless clear liq. char, odor insol. in water sp.gr. 0.77 (15 C) vapor pressure 0.2 kPa (38 C) m.p. < -50 C b.p. 185-213 C (100 kPa) flash pt. > 62 C... [Pg.963]

Classification Aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon Definition Mixed isomer prod, consisting of 70% p,p -DDT and 30% o,p -DDT Empirical CuHgCIs... [Pg.1160]

Classification Hydrocarbon Definition Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from distillation of crude oil or nat. gasoline consists of predominantly C11-16 sat. hydrocarbons... [Pg.2767]

Heavy aromatic solvent naphtha Heavy aromatic solvent naphtha (petroleum) Petroleum distillates, intermediate catalytic cracked (Polyethyl) benzenes Solvent naphtha, heavy aromatic Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy aromatic Classification Petroleum hydrocarbon Definition Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from distillation of aromatic streams consists of predominantly C9-16 aromatic hydrocarbons... [Pg.2767]

Classification Petroleum hydrocarbon Definition Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as the raffinate from a solvent extraction process consists of predominantly C5-11 aliphatic hydrocarbons Properties B.p. 35-190 C Toxicology OSHA PEL 400 ppm Uses Solvent... [Pg.2775]

Classification Petroleum hydrocarbons Definition Semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from dewaxing residual oil consists predominantly of sat. crystalline and liq. hydrocarbons with > C25 Properties YIsh. to It. amber or wh. semisolid, unctuous mass pract. odorless and tasteless sol. in benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol, ether, oils pract. insol. in water insol. in alcohol dens. 0.820-0.865 (60/25 C) m.p. 38-54 C soften, pt. 65-70 C ref. index 1.460-1.474 (60 C)... [Pg.3268]

Petroleum sulfonates, sodium salts Petroleum sulfonic acid, monosodium salt. See Sodium petroleum sulfonate Petroleum thinner. See VM P naphtha Petroleum wax CAS 977051-70-9 UN 1223 (DOT) INS905c Synonyms Microcrystalline wax Petroleum wax, synthetic Refined petroleum wax Classification Petroleum hydrocarbon Definition Hydrocarbon derived from petroleum three types paraffin waxes, microcrystalline waxes, and petrolatum waxes Properties Translucent wax, odorless, tasteless very si. sol. in org. soivs. insol. in water m.p. 48-93 C... [Pg.3275]

Classification Terpene hydrocarbon Definition Most commonly avail, as (-) isomer Empirical C10H16... [Pg.3378]

Classification Aromatic hydrocarbon Definition One of several aromatic compds. contg. two benzene nuclei with two or more substituted chlorine atoms 209 isomers possible Properties Mobily oily liq. to wh. cryst. solid to hard noncryst. resin (colorless cryst. in pure form) sol. in oils, org. soivs. pract. insol. in water m.w. 291.98-360.86 sp.gr. 1.4-1.5 (30 C) b.p. 340-375 C flash pt. (OC) 195C... [Pg.3451]

Classification Saturated hydrocarbon Definition Saturated branched chain hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenation of shark liver oil or other natural oils Empirical C30H62 Formula ... [Pg.4171]

Classification Mixed petroleum hydrocarbons Definition Mixed isomer contg. 85% nonane and 15% trimethylbenzene... [Pg.4219]

CAS 8006-64-2 (steam distilled) 8052-14-0 9005-90-7 977022-00-6 (rectified) EINECS/ELINCS 232-350-7 232-688-5 UN 1299 (DOT) 1300 (DOT) FEMA 3088 Synonyms Gum turpentine Pine balsam Pine gum Purified gum spirits Spirits of turpentine Spirit of turpentine Terebenthine Turpentine gum Turpentine oil Turpentine oil, rectified Turpentine oil, rectifier Turpentine, purified Turpentine, rectified Turpentine, steam distilled Wood turpentine Classification Unsat. alicyclic hydrocarbon Definition Volatile essential oil obtained by distillation and rectification from turpentine, an oleoresin obtained from Pinus spp., contg. pinene and diterpene Formula CioHi6... [Pg.4618]

Classification Aromatic hydrocarbon Definition Commercial mixture of 3 isomers o-, m-, and p-xylene (1,3-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,4-dimethylbenzene)... [Pg.4723]

Synonyms Benzene, 1-methyl4-(1-methylethyl)- Cymene Cymol Dolcymene 1-lsopropyl4-methylbenzene 4-lsopropyl-1-methylbenzene 4-lsopropyltoluene p-Isopropyltoluene p-Methylcumene 1-Methyl-4-isopropylbenzene p-Methyliso-propyl benzene 1-Methyl4-(1-methylethyl) benzene Paracymene Paracymol Classification Aromatic hydrocarbon Definition Obtained chiefly from the wash water of sulfite paper Empirical C,dH ... [Pg.2061]

Synonyms Hard paraffin Paraffin wax Paraffin waxes Paraffin wax fume Petroleum wax, crystalline Poly (methylene) wax Classification Aliphatic organic compd. hydrocarbon Definition Solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum fractions by solvent crystallization or by the sweating process consists predominantly of straight-chain hydrocarbons > C20 characterized by relatively large crystals Empirical ... [Pg.2266]

See other pages where Hydrocarbons definition is mentioned: [Pg.158]    [Pg.634]    [Pg.1214]    [Pg.961]    [Pg.1138]    [Pg.1866]    [Pg.2016]    [Pg.2718]    [Pg.2776]    [Pg.2784]    [Pg.3271]    [Pg.79]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.4 ]



SEARCH



© 2024 chempedia.info