Hazardous materials occupational hazards

Road traffic accidents/incidents Fire/explosion (carriage of hazardous materials) Occupants struck by loose articles Property damage... 

The assessment of the contribution of a product to the fire severity and the resulting hazard to people and property combines appropriate product flammabihty data, descriptions of the building and occupants, and computer software that includes the dynamics and chemistry of fires. This type of assessment offers benefits not available from stand-alone test methods quantitative appraisal of the incremental impact on fire safety of changes in a product appraisal of the use of a given material in a number of products and appraisal of the differing impacts of a product in different buildings and occupancies. One method, HAZARD I (11), has been used to determine that several commonly used fire-retardant—polymer systems reduced the overall fire hazard compared to similar nonfire retarded formulations (12). 

Occupational Safety and Health J ct. OSHA regulations deal principally with physical aspects of safety and those things generally associated with accident prevention. These federal regulations deal especially with the need for estabHshed material safety data sheets and the proper labeling of printing inks under the Hazard Communication Laws. 

You should be familiar with various occupancies and locations in your community where hazardous materials are used, stored, transported, or produced. To accomplish this familiarization, you must complete pre-emergency planning and inspection activities. 

The required notification must be provided at ieast annually In writing. Acceptable forms of notice are, for example, a letter, product labeling, and product literature distributed to customers. If you are required to prepare and distribute a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for the mixture under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standard, your section 313 notification may be attached to the MSDS or the MSDS may be modified to include the required information. (A sample letter and recommended text for inclusion in an MSDS appear on pages E-4 and E-5 of this appendix.)... 

Permit space As defined by OSHA, a confined space that contains a hazardous atmosphere, a material that could engulf an occupant, a configuration that could trap an occupant, or any other recognized safety or health hazard. 

Scope. Articles 511 through 517 cover occupancies or parts of occupancies that are or may be hazardous because of atmospheric concentrations of flammable liquids, gases, or vapors, or because of deposits or accumulations of materials that may be readily ignitable. 

All toxic materials were disposed of in accordance with the policy of UTMDACC to handle and dispose of hazardous waste, which is in accordance with the regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Federal Department of Transportation, Texas Department of Health, and the Texas Water Commission. 

HSDB = Hazardous Substances Data Bank NCI = National Canoer Institute NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health OHM/TADS = Oil and Hazardous Materials/Teohnioal Assistance Data Systems RTECS = Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances... 

Substances hazardous to health include substances labelled as dangerous (i.e. very toxic, toxic, harmful, irritant or corrosive) under any other statutory requirements, agricultural pesticides and other chemicals used on farms, and substances with occupational exposure limits. They include harmful micro-organisms and substantial quantities of dust. Indeed any material, mixture or compound used at work, or arising from work activities, which can harm people s health is apparently covered. 

As with the case of mass, there are several approaches to metrics for this aspect. One can simply sum numbers and/or mass of chemicals possessing hazards in different areas for example, process safety, occupational exposure, or environmental hazard. Typically, most companies will use a banding approach for materials that allows a quick identification of the hazard category, and usually marries hazard with a suggested control approach for example, layers of protection, pressure relief valves, and so on. One is then able to rapidly identify issues and potential opportunities for elimination, substitution, or control. 

The easiest means for assessing occupational exposure hazards associated with materials used in a process is through the use of Permissible or Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL or PEL) which go by a variety of names for example, TLV (U.S. - American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists), MAK (Germany), or individual company established values. Occupational exposure limits are usually set based on a combination of the inherent toxicological hazard of a chemical and a series of safety factors such as intraspecies variability in test results, nature and severity of the effect, adequacy and quality of... 

Examining Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) for chemical components and chemical hazards in product formulations is far less than ideal, but pragmatic. The Occupational... 

H. Safety considerations. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), US Department of Labor, standard entitled Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (29 CFR 1910.1450) makes it necessary to address safety issues in the SOP. The standard requires laboratories that use hazardous chemicals to maintain employee exposures at or below the permissible exposure limits specified for these chemicals in 29 CFR Part 1910, Subpart Z. Hazards associated with any specific chemicals used in a method must be addressed so that the user has the information needed to follow the Chemical Hygiene Plan for their laboratory. The method developer should limit the use of hazardous chemicals where feasible. The use of toxic and/or carcinogenic reagents should be avoided or eliminated as much as possible. Additionally, the cost of disposal is increasing and could impact the practicality of a method. Material Safety Data Sheets for the analyte(s) and any unusual or hazardous reagents should be provided for the user. 

Reports of occupational diseases sent to the California Department of Public Health reveal strikingly that it is one world so far as hazards to health among occupational groups are concerned. The same chemical may cause illness to the factory worker who manufactures it, to the truckers and stevedores who handle and transport it, to the farmer who uses the material, to the packers and canners of the food treated with it, and to the person who consumes the foods that may be contaminated with it. 

Airborne poisons in the nuclear weapons progam were not limited to radioactive materials released from weapons. The weapons technology involved the use of many exotic materials, some of which were toxic (e.g., beryllium). Hazardous releases of these materials occurred in industrial settings in urban areas and were studied by the Atomic Energy Commission as occupational and public health problems. 

Material Safety Data Sheet May be used to comply with OSHA s Hazard Communication Standard. 25 CFR 1910.1200. Standard must be consulted for specific requirements. U.S. Department of Labor A Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Non-Mandatory Form) Form Approved 0MB No. 1218-0072... 

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