Occupational groups

See pubhcations of R. LiUs for additional studies related to the toxicity of lead following occupational exposure. These pubHcations have been compiled into a volume entitied Studies on Eead Exposed Occupational Groups 1967—1989 and ate available from the Dept, of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, 1991. 

Reports of occupational diseases sent to the California Department of Public Health reveal strikingly that it is one world so far as hazards to health among occupational groups are concerned. The same chemical may cause illness to the factory worker who manufactures it, to the truckers and stevedores who handle and transport it, to the farmer who uses the material, to the packers and canners of the food treated with it, and to the person who consumes the foods that may be contaminated with it. 

Thomsen C, Lundanes E, Becher G (2001) Brominated flame retardants in plasma samples from three different occupational groups in Norway. J Environ Monit 3 366-370... 

According to the 1981-83 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES, 1999), as many as 30 000 workers in the United States were potentially exposed to ortho-toluidine and its hydrochloride salt (see General Remarks). Occupational groups included workers in the chemical industry, laboratory workers, machine operators and cleaners and janitors. Ninety laboratory workers, health-care workers and university teachers were identified as exposed to ort/20-toluidine or its salts in the Finnish Register of Employees Exposed to Carcinogens in 1997 (Savela et a/., 1999). National estimates of workers exposed were not available from other countries. 

Information on occupational groups may also be obtained from the population census. In the census information is requested on demographic factors, occupation and industry. These data can be used to classify the workers by job-exposure. The occupation stated on the census form only relates to the job held at a... 

Within the sample of 824 useable responses, male (49%) and female (51%) respondents were closely matched. The majority (67%) were relatively younger respondents who were under 32 years of age. There were numerous occupational groupings but students were the highest single group (38%). In terms of achieved education level, 41% of the respondents had completed their high school education. Nearly one-third (31%) indicated that, including themselves, there were 4 persons in their household, and 52% lived with their mother and 35% with their father. 

Li G-L, Linet MS, Hayes RB, et al. 1994. Gender differences in hematopoietic and lymphoproliferative disorders and other cancer risks by major occupational group among workers exposed to benzene in China. J Occup Med 36(8) 875-881. 

The upper and professional classes who represented over half of the students at Oxford s women s colleges represented less than one-fifth of the female student body at the civic universities, while working-class occupational groups, entirely unrepresented at both Oxford and London, accounted for 8% of the... 

As destruction activities have increased, the Technical Secretariat is becoming even more active. In 2004, the OPCW hired 19 inspectors (Group D) in four chemical-weapons-related occupational groups, and in 2005 another 9 (Group E) came on board. And, in August 2005, re-... 

Human exposure to 1,1-dichloroethane is expected to be highest among certain occupational groups (e.g., chemical and allied products industry workers) and members of the general population living in the vicinity of industrial point emission sources (EPA 1985) and hazardous waste sites. The compound has been detected in both ambient air and water in low concentrations, with substantially higher concentrations in localized areas around industrial and disposal sites. No information was found regarding the number of people potentially exposed around hazardous waste sites. 

N-acetyl-p-D-glucosaminidase (Figure 4). No significant correlation was evident for other renal parameters U-albumin, U-orosomucoid, U-p2-microglobulin, U-copper, S-creatinine, and S-p2-microglobulin. Studies on chlor-alkali workers in Scandinavia [122-124] have reported minimal and apparently reversible renal effects from mercury exposures in this occupational group as evaluated by urinary excrebon of NAG, albumin and titers of autoantibodies. These investigators noted that a small number of susceptible individuals may exist and that selenium status appears to have a major effect on urinary NAG excretion [124]. 

EEGLs differ from SPEGLs in that they are intended to apply to defined occupational groups. 

Shaw GM, Nelson V, Olshan AF. Paternal occupational group and risk of offspring with neural tube defects. Pedialr Peridal Epidemiol 2002 16(4) 328 33. 

Though all of these occupational groups are exposed to PAHs, each is exposed to distinctly different other chemicals as well. With the exception of lung cancer, the different cancers associated with each group point out the mixture effect. In all the groups, exposures are to lipophilic PAHs and to different combinations of other lipophiles and hydrophiles. 

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