Environmental Protection and Pollution Prevention

The concept of ecoIogicaOy sustainable industrial development motivates producers and consumers to use products and operate industry using the best technologies and techniques to mirilmize adverse environmental impact [1]. 

Although new, more environmentally friendly technologies have been developed for all basic fertilizer production processes, these have not been fully adopted and implemented in all potential applications. This relatively slower rate of adoption (as compared to other 

However, as environmental awareness and sensitivity intensifies, priority is being placed on minimizing total adverse environmental impact. This shift in frame of reference necessitates that environmental protection is a priority in all stages of industrial development (process development, design, construction, and operation) and in fertilizer use. In this setting, pollution control is only an instrument to ensure that the industry complies with local regulations. 

Increasingly, local standards and regulations are complying with internationally adopted standards and guidelines. At the same time, fertilizer traders and financial institutloIW afe ciSfsidefihg the e impact 

The net effect of these factors is that all producers and users are under increasing pressure to develop and implement environmentally sensitive fertilizer production and use, technologies, and more efficient pollution abatement processes and installations. As retrofitting and expansions of existing fadlities and new developments are contemplated, there will be significant scope for improving the contribution of the fertilizer industry to sustainable development. 

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The factors are discussed which lead to the formation of environmental regulations in the United States, following the growing realisation over the last 150 years of the environmental impact of the new chemicals which were being developed. Initiatives for new regulations often come from the public, and their concerns at the time, particularly in relation to pollution prevention, air quality, and the protection of children s health. Current environmental regulations are discussed along with their impact on industrial research and development. Future trends are forecast to be related to air quality, children s health, and pollution prevention. 11 refs. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division... 

Some trade organizations and technical societies were invited to submit nominees for membership in WRISE and 20 individuals have been selected as initial Institute members. All possess credentials of accomplishment in pollution prevention, show evidence of a continuing interest in environmental protection and are, or have been, responsible for plant management or process design/selection or are highly knowledgeable of industrial operations for which waste reduction techniques are applicable. 

Brady K. B. C., Hornberger R. J., and Fleeger G. (1998) Influence of geology on postmining water quality northern Appalachian basin. In Coal Mine Drainage Prediction and Pollution Prevention in Pennsylvania (eds. K. B. C. Brady, M. W. Smith, and J. Schueck). The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Mining and Reclamation, Harrisburg, PA, pp. 8-1-8-92. 

Consequently, safeguarding human, animal, and natural life has become a tremendous challenge to the authorities. Efficient regulations, controls, and a good legislation are needed. The directives of the European Communities on different aspects of environmental protection aim to prevent and reduce pollution. 

Kleinmann RLP (1999) Bactericidal control of acidic drainage. In Coal mine drainage prediction and pollution prevention in Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Chapter 15, pp 15-1 to 15-6 (http //www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/minres/dis-tricts/cmdp/main.htm)... 

Developed by the Environmental Health Analysis Center under contract to the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Ver 2.000. Last updated September 4, 2012. Available at http //www.pbtprofiler.net/criteria.asp (accessed October 23,2014). 

The main aims of environmental protection are to prevent the pollution in the first instance or to reduce the pollution at source before an environmental effect occurs. If, having taken all steps to reduce pollution at source and still not achieving the target levels, it may be necessary to employ end of pipe techniques as well. Such technologies do not result in an intrinsically cleaner process, but rather reduce to an acceptable level the emissions to atmosphere from the process. There are a number of different types of abatement equipment available on the market, and their application to a specific process is a matter for advice from an expert consultant or contracting company. Such abatement equipment includes ... 

Over the past two decades the term green chemistry has been used increasingly to describe processes that meet a number of environmental requirements. The term was coined in 1994 by Dr. Paul T. Anastas of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to denote chemical activities that strive to achieve the goals of environmental protection and sustainable development. Specifically, this means pollution prevention by reducing or eliminating the use or generation... 

The general proposition is this By practicing pollution prevention, industry can obtain improved environmental protection and increased industrial efficiency, profitability, and competitiveness. Preventing pollution at its source, through modifications in manufacturing processes or product design, is a goal. 

This article has been reviewed by the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not... 

Reduced negative environmental impacts. Through an evaluation of pollution-prevention alternatives, which consider a total systems approach, consideration is given to the negative impact of environmental damage to natural resources and species that occur during raw-material procurement and waste disposal. The performance of pollution-prevention endeavors will therefore result in enhanced environmental protection. 

SI 2000/1973 Environmental Protection, England and Wales - The Pollution Prevention and Contrl (England and Wales) Regulations 2000... 

Implements a new system of pollution control. Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPCj, which will eventually replace IPC and EAPC under the Environmental Protection Act 1990. 

Davis, G. A., L. Kincaid, D. Menke, B. Griffith, S. Jones, K. Brown, and M. Goergen (1994). The Product Side of Pollution Prevention Evaluating the Potential for Safe Substitutes. Cincinnati, Ohio Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

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