Environmental Impact Assessment EIA

The objective of an EIA Is to document the potential physical, biological, social and health effects of a planned activity. This will enable decision makers to determine whether an activity is acceptable and if not, identify possible alternatives. Typically, ElA s will be carried out for 

To allow objectivity of the findings, ElA s are usually carried out by independent specialists or organisations. It will involve not only scientific experts, but also require consultation with official and representative bodies such as the government ministries for the environment, fisheries, food, agriculture, and local water authorities. In activities which may impact on local population (terminals, refineries, access roads, land developments) local representatives of the inhabitants may be consulted, and the public affairs function 

The time taken to complete a base line study and EIA should not be underestimated. The baseline study describes and inventorises the natural initial flora, fauna, the aquatic life, land and seabed conditions prior to any activity. In seasonal climates, the baseline study may need to cover the whole year. The duration of an EIA depends upon the size and type of area under study, and the previous work done in the area, but may typically take six months. The EIA is often an essential step in project development and should not be omitted from the planning schedule. 

The results of the assessment are documented in an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), which discusses the beneficial and adverse impacts considered to result from the activity. The report is one component of the information upon which the decision maker ultimately makes a choice. A final decision can be made with due regard being paid to the likely consequences of adopting a particular course of action, and where necessary by introducing appropriate monitoring programs. 

Certain key stages in the EIA process have been adopted by many countries. These broad stages reflect what is considered to be good practice within environmental assessment and include  

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Exploration activities are potentially damaging to the environment. The cutting down of trees in preparation for an onshore seismic survey may result in severe soil erosion in years to come. Offshore, fragile ecological systems such as reefs can be permanently damaged by spills of crude or mud chemicals. Responsible companies will therefore carry out an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) prior to activity planning and draw up contingency plans should an accident occur. In Section 4.0 a more detailed description of health, safety and environmental considerations will be provided. 

If no prior drilling activities have been recently carried out in the area, usually an environmental impact assessment (EIA) will be carried out as a first step. An EIA is usually undertaken to ... 

One particular common piece of legislation worth noting is the requirement for an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to be performed prior to any appraisal or development activity. An EIA is used to determine what impact an activity would have on the natural environment (flora, fauna, local population), and will be used to modify the activity plan until no negative impact is foreseen. More details of the EIA are given in Section 4.0. 

GL38 Ecotoxicity Phase II Environmental Impact Assessment (EIAs) for Veterinary Medicinal Products (VMPs) -Phase II... 

EMEA, European Agency for the Evaluation of Medical Products. Guideline on environmental impact assessment (EIAS) for veterinary medical products-phase I. CVMP/VICH/592/98-Final London 2000... 

Over the last decades direct and indirect environmental effects of human activities has become a focus of special attention of the general public, state authorities, and international organizations. A number of approaches to predict, evaluate, and mitigate human-induced alterations in the biophysical environment have emerged including environmental impact assessment (EIA). EIA has become a powerful tool to prevent and mitigate environmental impacts of proposed economic developments. 

EIA activities. See also Environmental impact assessment (EIA) public and agency participation in, 10 237... 

Environmental health advisories, for herbicides, 13 316-318t Environmental, health, and safety (EHS) practices, integrated, 24 177 Environmental impact assessment (EIA), 10 228-248. See also EIA entries activities in, 10 234-237 broadening and reorienting, 10 245—246 characteristics of, 10 229-230 collaborative processes in, 10 246 defined, 10 229... 

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has evolved as a comprehensive approach to project evaluation, in which environmental factors, as well as economic and technical considerations (e.g. Cost Benefit Analysis), are given appropriate consideration in the decisionmaking process. The purpose of an EIA study is to determine the potential environmental, social and health effects of a proposed development. It attempts to define and assess the physical, biological and socio-economic effects, so that logical and rational decisions are made. The identification of possible alternative sites and/or processes may assist in the reduction of potential adverse impacts. 

Reports on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Available at http //www.wios.lublin.pl/ (in Polish). 

One answer to these problems lies in the ability of industrialized society to develop beneficial uses for these wastes as by-products. The reuse of waste by-products in lieu of virgin materials can relieve some of the burdens associated with disposal and may provide inexpensive and environmentally sustainable products. Current research has identified several promising uses for these materials. However, research projects concerning Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of various organic and inorganic contaminates in recycled complex mixtures and their leachates on surface and ground waters are still needed to insure that adverse environmental impacts do not result. 

The main purpose of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) document is to prepare environmentally safe process procedures for carrying out works in accordance with following tasks ... 

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedures are generally recognized as a useful and, in certain cases, indispensable instrument for a sound protection of the environment. As the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) recently observed ... 

Did poor environmental management and urban planning contribute to the devastation caused by the tsunami in Thailand Thailand has an Environmental Protection and Quality Act (1975) and a more comprehensive and detailed Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act (1992) in place. The latter established a National Environmental Board that is mandated to prepare a policy and plan for the enhancement and conservation of the environment. It provides criteria and procedures to conduct environmental impact assessments (EIAs), as well as detailing the EIA reporting requirements. Some 500 EIA reports are prepared yearly of which around 20 percent are approved without conditions. (UNEP 2005 Weisman, 2005)... 

Conversely, the second method can be best simulated by devising a planning instrument called Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to planned activities at predetermined alternative locations. EIAs will be considered later in this chapter. 

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIAs) for Veterinary Medicinal Products (VMPs)—Phase I, VICH GL 6 (Eco-toxicity Phase I), CVMP/VICH/592/98—final, London, June 30, 2000 (available at http //www.vichsec.org/pdf/ 2000/G106 st7.pdf, accessed 11/17/10). 

Abstract Public approval of an environmental analysis and impact assessment project is usually coupled with different conditions that the project is required to meet. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) constitutes an important basis for decisions regarding possible imposition of conditions. The main focns of the present chapter is to clarify the roles that EIAs can have in snch decision-making processes. 

An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an activity designed to identify and predict the impact of an action on the biogeophysical environment and on man s health and well-being, and to interpret and commimicate information about the impacts. An action is used in this chapter in the sense of any engineering project, legislative proposal, policy, program or operational procedure with environmental implications. 

Description 1 Compile from the relevant literature as well as any other relevant source, a list of environmental or environmentally related elements (evaluation framework) that can be used during the execution of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Select a development project where such an ElA must be performed for example, a new or expanded manufacturing facility, the construction of new infrastructure, etc. Apply the evaluation framework and analyse all the relevant aspects, as EIA specialists, according to the possible impacts the development project may have on these elements. Rate the possible impact on a defined scale. Perform this analysis for at least the physical and the socio-cultural environments, i.e. positive and negative impacts on the natural environment and society. The results should be presented in a table... 

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)—a reference tool for Environmental Professionals conducting Environmental Impact Assessments of facility-related projects, new or... 

The environmental impact assessment (EIA) that will be required as part of the development plarming proeess and/or... 

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