Emissions total

National nitrogen oxide emissions by source category, 1997. Electric utilities and "on-road vehicles" account for more than half of the NO emissions. Total NO emissions for 1997 were 21.4 million metric tons. 

Since environmental damage due to acid deposition has largely been limited to the eastern parts of Canada (east of the Manitoba-Ontario border) and the USA (east of the Mississippi River), most of the emission reductions have occurred in those areas. Figure 8 illustrates the SO2 emission totals in eastern Canada, eastern USA and total North America. 

The chlorine dioxide emission totals following this scrubbing procedure are very low, and result from the use of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. The advantages are that the peak loads of chlorine can be controlled more easily and the amounts of hydrogen peroxide needed (and therefore its cost) are relatively small. 

Two classes of on-road motor vehicles, light- and medium-duty trucks, that had relatively lower tons/day of exhaust emissions of PM are omitted for clarity. The three categories of light-duty trucks, noncatalyst, catalyst, and diesel, emitted a total of 1.43 and 0.99 tons/day of POM in 1982 and 1993, respectively. PM exhaust emissions totaled 0.04 and 0.05 tons/day in 1982 and 1993, respectively, for catalyst and noncatalyst, gasoline-fueled medium-duty trucks. 

Multiplying activity levels by emission coefficients provides information on uncontrolled emissions over time. To obtain information on controlled emissions, the uncontrolled emissions total... 

Stack emissions represent close to 100% of the air emissions associated with an environmental release. Of the stack emissions, the overwhelming majority of these are contained in the dust collection system exhaust. In 1996 stack emissions (total dust) averaged 4521b per typical facilities. However, the actual total dust emissions experienced by individual facilities may range from a high of 13271b to a minimum of 63 lb. 

Some naturally occurring organohalogen compounds are produced in massive quantities. Forest fires, volcanoes, and marine kelp release up tx>SmiUimi tons oTCHj,Cl pt r yejir. for example, while annual industrial emissions total only about 26,000 tons. A detailed examination of one species of Okinawan acorn worm in a 1 km study urea showed that tl>ey released nearly IQO pounds per day of halogenated phenols, compounds previously thought to be nonnatural pollutants. 

Of the five Zn emission categories plotted in Figure 5, waste incineration and rubber tire wear are the most important. Note that in general these emissions have increased during the last 40 years such that the second-tier emissions total approximately one-half of the Zn mining-smelting emissions. 

Table 3.2 presents summary information for the UK NAP. The final NAP allocated 245 Mt CO2 to around 1,100 installations whose 2003 emissions totalled 272 Mt CO2. Emissions from these installations represented 46% of the UK s overall CO2 emissions in 2003. The NAP was divided into fifty-two detailed sectors, the largest of which by far was the power sector.4 The NAP also includes a pool of allowances set aside for new entrants. 

The Consultation NAP was based on a two-stage allocation approach, in which sector-level allocations were based on projected business as usual emissions including relevant environmental policies. However, because of the misalignment issues discussed above, most sector emissions projections were calculated in a bottom-up fashion from installation-level historic emissions data. Sector growth rates were then applied to the bottom-up historical emissions totals to arrive at future projections. 

The new projections indicated that the power sector s annual emissions would be higher than previously thought in 2005, for example, the updated projection was 17 Mt CO2 greater, or about a 12% increase. These predicted increases were offset in part by reductions in projected industry emissions. The total allocation was also revised to reflect further verification of bottom-up emissions totals, detailed sector growth rates, as well as revised CCA targets. Figure 3.3 illustrates the revisions to UEP between the version supporting the April Provisional NAP (UEP-7) and the final version (UEP-12). 

Human-made sulfur emissions have risen steadily in the past in conjunction with the rise in fossil fuel consumption. Figure 10-2 indicates the historic development. In 1976, the emissions totaled 103 Tg S/yr. The rate is about 10 times greater than that of natural sulfur emissions on all continents. The impact of human-made S02 becomes even more severe... 

Being volatile substances, all solvents inevitably evaporate and pass as harmful substances into the atmosphere [14.117]-[14.120]. They may also affect waterways, lakes, rivers, ground water, and soil. Anthropogenic organic emissions total ca. 12 million ij-d in the EC of this, 30% stems from the use of solvents and 45% from the transport and traffic sector (Corinair Study 1990, Inventaire europeen des emissions). 

See also Forensic Sciences Glass. Qualitative Analysis. X-Ray Fluorescence and Emission Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence. 

Volume of oil spilled that is not recovered Greenhouse gas-emission equivalents Total hydrocarbon emissions Total SOx and NOx emissions Total discharges to water Total hazardous waste energy use. 

Drastic change takes place in luminescence spectrum of titanite at low temperatures (Fig. 4.80d). At 77 K, Nd luminescence intensity becomes lower and narrow line appears at 732 nm with long decay time of 2.5 ms accompanied by phonon repetitions. At even lower temperature of 20 K such emission totally dominates luminescence spectrum. Such behavior may be explained by Cr in intermediate crystal field sites for which the crystal field parameters lie in the crossing region of the T2 and states. Within the intermediate crystal field there is complicating mixing between doublet and quartet states with complicated spectra, non-radiative transfer and the temperature dependence of luminescence. In such case the emission from both T2 and E states may be expected. At 300 K the... 

Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission Total phosphorus 200 6.5 For most sensitive emission line [180]... 

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