Electroencephalogram abnormalities

Lyneham RC, Low PA, McLeod JC, Shearman RP, Smith ID, Korda AR. Convulsions and electroencephalogram abnormalities after intra-amniotic prostaglandin F2a. Lancet 1973 2(7836) 1003-5. 

Chronic administration of isodrin to rats results in electroencephalogram abnormalities and seizures. 

Neurological Headache, coma, loss of reflexes, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, seizures, electroencephalogram abnormalities Organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy manifested by flaccidity or paralysis of extremities, paresthesias, footdrop, gait ataxia, spasticity develops 1-2 weeks after exposure Intermediate syndrome 1-4 days after exposure manifested by weakness of proximal limb and respirator muscles, loss of knee reflexes, cranial nerve palsy, death... 

DD symptoms often develop after 2-3 years of dialysis (Chui and Damasio 1980). In typical cases of DD, the individual presents with speech arrest, dysarthria, or dysphasia, followed by myoclonic jerks, electroencephalogram abnormalities, bizarre behavior, and progressive dementia (Chokroverty et al. 1976 O Hare et al. 1983). Death often occurs within 6 months of onset (Chui and Damasio 1980). 

Other Insomnia, sleep-wake reversal, diffuse electroencephalogram abnormalities, mental retardation... 

Delayed symptoms frequently develop 1-3 days after exposure, especially a nearly universal headache or other severe pain complaint. Severity correlates with urinary organotin output (Besser et al. 1987). Severe exposures have poor long-term prognosis, often with permanent residual symptoms. Clusters of symptoms frequently mimic Kliiver-Bucy syndrome or temporal lobe dysfunction with seizures or electroencephalogram abnormalities. Table 12-1 lists the physical signs and symptoms reported from organotin poisoning. 

Neurological Headache, ataxia, fasciculations, seizures, tremor, coma, weakness, electroencephalogram abnormalities, peripheral neuropathy, tinnitus, vertigo, polyneuritis, retrobulbar neuritis, spinal cord involvement, death... 

Organic solvents have acute narcotic effects. Aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons seem to be especially effective. As stated, the combined effect of several organic solvents is usually considered to be additive. However, there is some evidence that the combined effect may in fact be synergistic. The symptoms caused by organic solvents, often called prenarcotic symptoms, resemble those caused by the use of alcohol. A decrease in reaction time and impairment in various psychological performances can be observed. Acute neurotoxicity can also be detected as abnormalities in the electroencephalogram (EEG i, which records the electrical activity of the brain. " ... 

Convulsions occurred within two hours following occupational exposure to aldrin, dieldrin and endrin (Hoogendam et al. 1962, 1965). After removal from exposure, seizures subsided and complete recovery was achieved in 1-3 days. Abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs) were usually observed in endrin-poisoned workers, and sometimes occurred without any clinical symptoms. Predominately bilateral synchronous theta waves, and synchronous spike and wave complexes were seen (Hoogendam et al. 

I interviewed John two days before we started and decided he was psychiatrically normal. His physical exam, lab work, electrocardiogram (EKG), and electroencephalogram (EEG) were all devoid of abnormalities, and he reassured us that he was free of any physical symptoms. 

McFarling s 220 subjects all received a detailed psychiatric interview and a thorough psychological evaluation, as well as an electroencephalogram (EEG). The research team found no consistent abnormalities. 

Anticonvulsdnts. An early observation that BN patients may have abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) resnlts led to specnlation that binge eating may represent an atypical behavioral presentation of seiznre activity. Thus, the first controlled medication study for the treatment of BN evaluated the use of the antiseizure medication phenytoin (Dilantin). Phenytoin was not found to be significantly superior to placebo, and the earlier reports of EEG abnormalities were not confirmed. The results of a subsequent trial of carbamazepine (Tegretol), an anticonvulsant that has been reported to be effective in the treatment of bipolar disorder, were also disappointing. As a result, anticonvulsants are not routinely used in the treatment of BN. 

Brain imaging (preferably MRI) to look for evidence of structural damage is essential after TBI. MRI, while more expensive and time-consuming, can sometimes detect small brain lesions that are missed by CT, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes that are common sources of psychiatric complications after TBI. In addition, an electroencephalogram (EEG) can detect seizure activity or other signs of abnormal brain function. Although they are not yet part of the routine post-TBI evaluation, the so-called functional brain imaging techniques such as positron emis-... 

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease of diverse etiology it is characterized by recurrent paroxysmal episodes of uncontrolled excitation of brain neurons. Involving larger or smaller parts of the brain, the electrical discharge is evident in the electroencephalogram (EEG) as synchronized rhythmic activity and manifests itself in motor, sensory, psychic, and vegetative (visceral) phenomena Because both the affected brain region and the cause of abnormal excitability may differ, epileptic seizures can take many forms. Erom a pharmaco-therapeutic viewpoint, these may be classified as ... 

Propiospinal myoclonus. A 25-year-old woman with clusters of myoclonus induced by a single exposure to inhaled cannabis was evaluated. Investigations excluded a structural abnormality of the spine. Multichannel surface electromyogram with parallel frontal electroencephalogram recording confirmed the diagnosis of propriospinal myoclonus. ... 

Neurological Extrapyramidal side effects, sedation, seizures Dopamine 2, histamine Examine for Parkinsonism, akath-isia, and abnormal involuntary movements at each visit Baseline electroencephalogram if treated with clozapine. 

Central electrophysiological measures are also partially supportive, in that evoked response and computer-assisted electroencephalogram (EEG) mapping indicate bipolar-unipolar differences, with right-sided abnormalities more common in bipolar patients. Further, P300 topographical differences have been reported between schizophrenic and psychotic manic patients (41). 

The least complicated partial seizure is the simple partial seizure, characterized by minimal spread of the abnormal discharge such that normal consciousness and awareness are preserved. For example, the patient may have a sudden onset of clonic jerking of an extremity lasting 60-90 seconds residual weakness may last for 15-30 minutes after the attack. The patient is completely aware of the attack and can describe it in detail. The electroencephalogram may show an abnormal discharge highly localized to the involved portion of the brain. 

A 62-year-old man treated with continuous mediastinal irrigation with a 1 10 solution of povidone-iodine developed seizures on the fifth day of drainage (14). After the seizure, his serum iodine concentration was raised (120 pg/ml). Renal insufficiency developed at the same time. The electroencephalogram showed no evidence of epileptic activity or other abnormalities. The povidone-iodine irrigation was replaced by continuous irrigation with a solution of neomycin and polymyxin B. Renal function improved and the creatinine concentration returned to normal 3 days after the seizure. 

The term "epilepsy" applies to a group of disorders that are characterized by sudden and transient episodes (seizures) of motor (convulsions), sensory, autonomous or psychic origin. The seizures are usually correlated with abnormal and excessive discharges in the brain and can be visualized on the electroencephalogram (EEG). 

A CT scan or MRI of the brain following a strokelike episode reveals a lucency (an area of luminosity) that is consistent with infarction. Later, cerebral atrophy and calcifications may be observed on brain imaging studies. The vascular territories of focal brain lesions and the prior medical history of these patients differ substantially from those of typical patients with stroke. Serial MRI studies often demonstrate lesion resolution, differentiating these lesions from typical ischemic strokes. An electroencephalogram is often performed when seizures are a concern. This is especially necessary in MELAS since patients occasionally have intractable status epilepticus as a terminal condition. Mental deterioration usually progresses after repeated episodic attacks. Psychiatric abnormalities (e.g., altered mental status, schizophrenia) may accompany the strokelike episodes. The encephalopathy may progress to... 

By 12 hours of age, the infant had seizure activity that included rhythmic movement of both upper extremities, hiccupping, and repetitive chewing movements. An electroencephalogram was grossly abnormal, showing paroxysmal bursts of activity (seizures) and periods of suppression. Phenobarbital was given to alleviate the seizure activity. 

The neuroleptics can produce a variety of other symptoms of central nervous system dysfunction, including abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) findings, an increased frequency of seizures, respiratory depression, and disturbances of body temperature control (Davis, 1980 Davis et al., 1975). Endocrine disorders, especially in females, may also be of central... 

The neuropsychologist described the pattern as typical of traumatic brain injury, but after a consultation with Mrs. Williams s former psychiatrist, he avoided any suggestion that the deficits could have been caused by a series of electroshocks to the brain. Brain wave studies showed that Mrs. Williams had abnormal slow waves on her electroencephalogram (EEG) consistent with brain injury to the right frontal lobe and the anterior portion of the right temporal lobe (the two sites of electrode placement). A brain scan (MRI) showed possible atrophy in the same region. 

Predisposing factors to neuroleptic drug-induced seizures include an abnormal electroencephalogram, preexisting CNS abnormalities, parenteral administration of high doses, and a family history of seizures or febrile convulsions (168). 

The electroencephalogram is abnormal in approximately 75% of patients with cerebral venous thrombosis, but changes are non-specific, with generalized slowing, often asymmetric, with superimposed epileptic activity. 

Every person has his or her own distinctive brain wave pattern, the result of electrical discharge, and it may be traced by electroencephalography. Tiny wires, electrodes, are attached to the scalp and connected to an amplifier that magnifies the electrical impulses a million times—the potential charges that reach the scalp are on the order of 5 to 200 microvolts—and translates them into squiggles on a moving strip of paper. This electroencephalogram, the EEG, can identify brain disorders and metabolic disturbances because such anomalies cause abnormal wave forms. 

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