Brain waves

Electroencephalography The recording of brain waves via electrodes placed on the scalp or cortex. 

Chronic exposure to arsenicals by way of the air, diet, and other routes has been associated with liver, kidney, and heart damage, hearing loss, brain-wave abnormalities, and impaired resistance to viral infections. 

Japanese infants poisoned (128 deaths) from consumption of dry milk contaminated with arsenic average exposure of 3.5 mg As daily for 1 month. Severe hearing loss, brain wave abnormalities, and other CNS disturbances noted 15 years after exposure... 

In the second year of residency I was allowed a three-month elective in his department where I learned, among other things, the fine art of drilling tiny holes in the skulls of cats and precisely inserting electrode wires deep inside the brain. This experience gave me an idea. I decided to try to teach cats to make their wishes known by communicating with their brain waves. 

Would those safeguards have been observed in the most egregious crime Venice had known in centuries Surely any lead at all would have been followed up. If the inquisitors suddenly and unanimously decided that they should lock up the prime suspect for a few days and nights and post witnesses to listen to his snoring, no one would ask what had given them such brilliant simultaneous brain waves. 

A relationship exists between EEG patterns and the level of vigilance and consciousness. The states of wakefulness and sleep are characterised by three physiological correlates brain wave activity (electroencephalogram, EEG), eye movements (electro-oculogram, EOG) and muscle tone (electromyogram,... 

MecfianismofAction An alphaj-agonist that may bind to dopamine reuptake carrier sites, increasing alpha activity and decreasing delta, theta, and beta brain wave activity. T fierapeuticEffect Reduces the number of sleep episodes and total daytime sleep. Pharmacokinetics Well absorbed. Protein binding 60%. Widely distributed. Metabolized in the liver. Excreted by the kidneys. Unknown if removed by hemodialysis. Half-life 8-10 hr. 

Intense pattern of behavioral stimulation, including increased locomotor activity, especially circling, and convulsions abnormal brain wave patterns (De Gori et al. 1988)... 

A technique known as contingent negative variation (CNV) measures brain-wave reaction to olfaction. These types of studies have shown the eftect of materials such as lavender and nutmeg in reducing stress or anxiety, and the ability of oils such as peppermint to stimulate brainwave activity. CNV research was incorporated into the development of the fragrance for a consumer personal care product launched in the late 1980s. 

The experiments were similar to those that I carried out with Miss Z and Monroe in that Swann sat in a comfortable chair with electrodes attached for measuring brain waves and various autonomic functions. He attempted to focus his consciousness outside his body and see target material, which was located in an open-top box hung from the ceiling. The material would be readily visible from a position above the box but invisible to anyone in the room. Initially, a five-digit random number was used as a target, as in my study of Miss Z, but Swann did not feel... 

Two similar experiments carried out 30 years apart dramatically confirm the concept that human beings can unknowingly carry a large sleep debt. Neither experiment was designed by the researchers primarily to study sleep. In both experiments, brain waves were continuously recorded as one of many measurements of the effects of the experimental protocol on the volunteers. 

However more biologically enthusiastic psychiatrists were less hesitant. Authors of another major British textbook admitted that a therapy which fails in two fifths of cases cannot very well be specific, but were still confident that hypoglycaemic treatment obviously touches the physical basis of schizophrenia more closely than all earlier modes of physical attack (Mayer-Gross, Slater, Roth 1954, p. 286). Attempts were made to explain its actions in terms of its effects on electrical circuits in the brain, an explanation that had become fashionable since the invention of the electroencephalograph (EEG), which measured brain waves, and was also applied to ECT (Fink Karliner 2007 Paterson 1963). In 1966, a German textbook emphatically stated ... 

In performing such sleep-walking acts, these individuals are partially aroused, but still deeply asleep in respect of the upper brain. We know this from lab studies in which brain waves have been recorded. The high-voltage slow waves of deep sleep continue to be recorded while the individual sleep walks. One old wives tale about sleep walking holds that it is a mistake to wake the person, usually a young person, up from such episodes. The answer to that one is to go ahead and try . It is usually impossible, but don t worry about it because, if you can t do it or if you do succeed in waking them, there will be no adverse consequence whatsoever. 

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