Serum iodine

Repeated surgical skin antisepsis and hand washing did not increase serum iodine concentrations, but produced a small increase in iodine content in the 24-hour urine (4). 

The use of povidone-iodine for the treatment of burns, for peritoneal lavage in the treatment of purulent peritonitis, or as a rinsing solution for body cavities can increase serum iodine concentrations associated with increased urinary excretion of iodine. In people with burns the extent of iodine absorption depends on the extent of the burned body surface. It is not uncommon for serum iodine concentrations to rise to more than 1000 pg/ml. If renal function is intact, iodine elimination in the urine can be adequate. The serum iodine concentration returns to normal about 1 week after the last application. 

Systemic iodine absorption can occur after intravaginal administration of povidone-iodine (11). There were increases in serum iodine, protein-bound iodine, and inorganic iodine, but not serum thyroxine, after a 2-minute vaginal administration of povidone-iodine in non-preg-nant women (12). 

A 62-year-old man treated with continuous mediastinal irrigation with a 1 10 solution of povidone-iodine developed seizures on the fifth day of drainage (14). After the seizure, his serum iodine concentration was raised (120 pg/ml). Renal insufficiency developed at the same time. The electroencephalogram showed no evidence of epileptic activity or other abnormalities. The povidone-iodine irrigation was replaced by continuous irrigation with a solution of neomycin and polymyxin B. Renal function improved and the creatinine concentration returned to normal 3 days after the seizure. 

Probable genetic basis for abnormal circulating iodoproteins (butanol-insoluble serum iodine). Study of a family with several hypothyroid members with and without goiter. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabolism, 20, 205 (1960). With S. C. Werner and R. H. Mandl. 

The extraction of iodine amino acids from the blood serum (butanol-extractable iodine, BEI) showed that approximately 85% of the FBI consisted of iodine amino acids. Total iodine, FBI and BEI in the serum of farm animals was correlated (r = 0.83 and r = 0.89, respectively) (Groppel 1986). However, no correlation was observed between the total serum iodine content and T4 correlated with r = 0.66. 

The best correlation occurred between the total serum iodine content and the iodine content of milk (r = 0.97). Within the mammary gland, iodine is transferred from the... 

When serum iodine is used as a diagnostic test for iodine deficiency blood should be sampled within 12 hours of a meal at most. 

The serum iodine concentration is extremely elevated in patients who have severe burns and are treated with PVP-I. Rath et al. (1988) reported two cases of hyperthyroidism in burn patients. Both patients had no history of thyroid disease and follow-up examination after recovery from injury revealed normal thyroid function. After topical treatment with PVP-I was discontinued, the thyroid function of these patients returned to normal within a few weeks. In one patient, PVP-I treatment was repeated... 

Very soon after the discovery of essential fatty acid phenomena in rats, medical researchers at the University of Minnesota began investigations on humans. The first medical phenomenon related to essential fatty acids was a dermatitis associated with intractable eczema. Hansen and his co-workers chose cases which did not respond to the usual treatments for eczema and gave these patients supplements of lard which contains approximately 10% of linoleic acid and a few percent of arachidonic acid (Hansen, 1937). They found that in the cases of intractable eczema the serum iodine number was low, and that when the diets were supplemented with lard, the iodine value rose to normal and the skin cleared up in 75% of the cases. An example of this disease which responded to essential fatty acids is shown in Figure 4 (Azerad Crupper, 1949). A study of the histological features of normal and essential fatty acid deficient human skin shown in Figure 5 indicates that in the deficient condition... 

Metabolism Individuals with renal impairment may have prolonged iodine excretion, making them more susceptible to iodine toxicity. A single application of povidone-iodine to subcutaneous tissue (such as in the case of iodine pleurodesis) can cause a significant increase in postoperative serum iodine levels and possible altered mental status in susceptible individuals [79 ]. Chemical pleurodesis using povidone-iodine for treatment of congenital idiopathic chylothorax in neonates was found to be well tolerated in three of four cases. The thyroid funchon was unaltered in the three cases, one case of generalised oedema was observed [80 ]. 

Povidone-iodine (betadine) use in pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions exhibits a good safety profile pi ]. However, adverse effects of postoperative delirium, hallucinations, transient cognitive impairment occurred following a single application of povidone-iodine to the sternal wound of a cardiac patient. Serum iodine was elevated threefold compared to preoperative levels suggesting caution in use of povidone-iodine [22 ]. 

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