Brain imaging studies

The diagnosis of bipolar disorder is made based on clinical presentation, a careful diagnostic interview, and review of the history. There are no laboratory examinations, brain imaging studies, or other procedures that confirm the diagnosis. 

METH-Induced Effects in Human Brain Imaging Studies.65... 

Laruelle M and Abi-Dargham A (1999). Dopamine as the wind of psychotic fire New evidence from brain imaging studies. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 13, 358-371. 

Brain imaging studies provide unequivocal evidence that schizophrenia is a disease of brain 878... 

Malizia, A. L. (1999) What do brain imaging studies tell us about anxiety disorders J. 

Table 1 Functional brain imaging studies of nicotine or cigarette administration... 

As for brain imaging studies of chronic tobacco/nicotine dependence, cigarette smokers experience craving for cigarettes (mge to smoke) within minutes after the last cigarette, and the intensity of craving rises over the next 3-6 h (Jarvik et al. 

TABLE 18.1 Brain Imaging Studies in Anorexia Nervosa... 

Brain imaging studies have shown that people with GAD show increased activation in many parts of the brain compared to people who do not suffer from GAD. Finally, as mentioned earlier, GAD is often a feature of other types of psychiatric illnesses. 

Even Zametkin has admitted that PET scanning cannot tell whether a person is ADHD. One commonly asked question of our brain imaging studies, he has stated, is whether PET scanning can be used to diagnose ADHD. Unfortunately, this is not currently possible because there is considerable overlap in our study between normal and ADHD brain metabolism. 13... 

Human Cortical Areas Underlying the Perception of Optic Flow Brain Imaging Studies M. W Greenlee... 

Martinez D, Broft A, Laruelle M. Pindolol augmentation of antidepressant treatment recent contributions from brain imaging studies. Biol Psychiatry 2000 48 844-853. 

A CT scan or MRI of the brain following a strokelike episode reveals a lucency (an area of luminosity) that is consistent with infarction. Later, cerebral atrophy and calcifications may be observed on brain imaging studies. The vascular territories of focal brain lesions and the prior medical history of these patients differ substantially from those of typical patients with stroke. Serial MRI studies often demonstrate lesion resolution, differentiating these lesions from typical ischemic strokes. An electroencephalogram is often performed when seizures are a concern. This is especially necessary in MELAS since patients occasionally have intractable status epilepticus as a terminal condition. Mental deterioration usually progresses after repeated episodic attacks. Psychiatric abnormalities (e.g., altered mental status, schizophrenia) may accompany the strokelike episodes. The encephalopathy may progress to... 

Gur RE, Chin S. 1999. Laterality in functional brain imaging studies of schizophrenia. Schiz Bull 25(1) 141-156. 

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