Dendritic cells Langerhans cell

DL-CFU Dendritic cell/Langerhans cell colony forming DLE Discoid lupus erythematosus DMARD Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug... 

Circulating dendritic cells Langerhans cells Interdigitating dendritic cells Interstitial dendritic cells Blood, lymph Skin, mucous membrane Secondary lymphoid tissue (with T cells), thymus Gastrointestinal tract, heart, liver, lungs, kidney... 

Soler, P., Moreau, A., Basset, F. and Hance, A.J. (1989). Cigarette smoking-induced changes in the number and diflferentiated state of pulmonary dendritic cells/Langerhans cells. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 139, 1112-1117. 

Colasante A, Castrilli G, Aiello FB, et al. Role of cytokines in the distribution of dendritic cells/Langerhans cell lineage in human primary carcinomas of the lung. Hum Pathol. 1995 26 866-872. 

B-cells, activated T-cells, null cells, interdigitating dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, thymic epithelium... 

Fig. 7.1 Phases of tissue transplant rejection. The transplanted tissue sheds antigens. These antigens undergo uptake, processing and presentation to the T cells in the secondary lymphoid tissue by APCs, which include macrophages, B cells, Langerhans cells or dendritic cells. This phase results in the production of antibodies and antigen-specific TH and Tc cells. The antibodies and effector cells then migrate to the grafted tissue where TH cells secrete cytokines and which in combination with the antibodies and Tc cells destroy the grafted tissue (see Color Insert)...

Nakamura, K., Williams, I. R., and Kupper, T. S. (1995) Keratinocyte-derived monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) analysis in a transgenic model demonstrates MCP-1 can recruit dendritic and Langerhans cells to skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 635-643. 

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) Dendritic and Langerhans cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes involved in the processing of antigens into cell-surface forms recognizable by lymphoid cells... 

Romani N, Koide S, Crowley M. Witmer-Pack M. Livingstone AM, Fathman CG. Inaba K. Steinman RM Presentation of exogenous protein antigens by dendritic cells to T cell clones. Intact protein is presented best by immature, epidermal Langerhans cells. J Exp Med 1989 169 1169-1178. 18... 

Wollenberg A. Kraft S. Hanau D. Bieber T Immuno-morphological and ultrastructural characterization of Langerhans cells and a novel, inflammatory dendritic epidermal cell population in lesional skin of atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 1996 106 446-453. 

Zhao X, Deak E, Soderberg K, et al. Vaginal submucosal dendritic cells, but not Langerhans cells, induce protective Thl responses to herpes simplex virus-2. J Exp Med 2003 197(2) 153-162. 

Allan RS, Smith CM, Belz GT, et al. Epidermal viral immunity induced by CD8alpha+ dendritic cells but not by Langerhans cells. Science 2003 301(5641) 1925—1928. 

Sato N, Ahuja SK, Quinones M, et al. CC chemokine receptor (CCR)2 is required for langerhans cell migration and localization of T helper cell type 1 (Thl)-inducing dendritic cells. Absence of CCR2 shifts the Leishmania major-resistant phenotype to a susceptible state dominated by Th2 cytokines, b cell outgrowth, and sustained neutrophilic inflammation. J Exp Med 2000 192(2) 205-218. 

Gombert M, Dieu-Nosjean MC, Winterberg F, et al. CCL1-CCR8 interactions an axis mediating the recruitment of T cells and Langerhans-type dendritic cells to sites of atopic skin inflammation. J Immunol 2005 174(8) 5082-5091. 

The activation of a T-cell response and subsequent efficacy of DNA vaccines is ultimately determined by professional antigen presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells (Corr et al., 1996 Doe et al., 1996 Iwasaki et al., 1997 Ulmer et al., 1996). It follows that successful DNA vaccination strategies should seek to target DNA... 

Rougier, N.et al., In vitro evaluation of the sensitization potential of weak contact allergens using Langerhans-like dendritic cells and autologous T cells, Toxicology, 145, 73, 2000. 

Aiba, S. et al, In vitro treatment of human transforming growth factor-betal-treated monocyte-derived dendritic cells with haptens can induce the phenotypic and functional changes similar to epidermal Langerhans cells in the initiation phase of allergic contact sensitivity reaction, Immunology, 101, 68, 2000. 

El-Ghorr, A. A. and Norval, M., A monoclonal antibody to cis-urocanic acid prevents the UV-induced changes in Langerhans cells and DTH responses in mice, although not preventing dendritic cell accumulation in lymph nodes draining the site of irradiation and contact hypersensitivity responses, J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 264-268, 1995. 

Ingested arsenic localizes to the skin [2, 7], where it may alter cutaneous immune responses. The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was suppressed in Bowen s disease patients [8], Langerhans cells (LC) in skin lesions and perilesioned skin from arsenic-induced Bowen s disease and carcinomas were reduced in number and were morphologically altered, having a notable loss of dendrites [9], These data suggest that chronic exposure to arsenic in drinking water may... 

Schuler, G., and Steinman, R.M., Murine epidermal Langerhans cells mature into potent immunostimulatory dendritic cells in vitro. J. Exp. Med., 161, 526, 1985. 

The mechanisms of autoimmunity may also entail interaction with MHC structures determined by the HLA alleles. Individuals carrying certain HLA alleles have been shown to be predisposed to certain autoimmune diseases, which may account in part for the genetic variability of autoimmunity. In addition, metabolites of a particular drug may vary between individuals to confound the development of drug-induced autoimmunity. Dendritic cells, such as the Langerhans cells of the skin and B lymphocytes that function to present antigens to Th cells, express class-II... 

Cells of the immune system other than Th cells that carry the CD4 are mono-cytes/macrophages, Langerhans, and dendritic cells. When HIV infects these cells, it follows a course typical of other retroviruses in which the infected cells... 

Histamine induces intracellular Ca " flux, actin polymerization, and chemotaxis in immature DCs due to stimulation of HRl and HR3 subtypes. Maturation of DCs results in loss of these responses. In maturing DCs, however, histamine dose-dependently enhances intracellular cAMP levels and stimulates IL-10 secretion, while inhibiting production of IL-12 via HR2 [16]. Interestingly, although human monocyte-derived dendritic cells have both histamine Hj and H2 receptors and can induce CD86 expression by histamine, human epidermal Langerhans cells express neither H nor Hj receptors [72]. 

Ohtani T, Aiba S, Mizuashi M, Mollah ZU, Nakagawa S, Tagami H H, and H2 histamine receptors are absent on Langerhans cells and present on dermal dendritic cells. J Invest Dermatol 2003 121 1073-1079. 

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