Exogenous proteins

Romani N, Koide S, Crowley M. Witmer-Pack M. Livingstone AM, Fathman CG. Inaba K. Steinman RM Presentation of exogenous protein antigens by dendritic cells to T cell clones. Intact protein is presented best by immature, epidermal Langerhans cells. J Exp Med 1989 169 1169-1178. 18... 

Romanowski AW, Squier CA, Lesch CA (1989) Permeability of rodent junctional epithelium to exogenous protein. J Periodontal Res 23 81-86... 

Park J, Ryu J, Kim KA, et al. Mutational analysis of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein transduction domain which is required for delivery of an exogenous protein into mammalian cells. J Gen Virol 2002 83(Pt 5) 1173-1181. 

High temperatures can break native S-S bonds and form new S-S bonds which can lock the protein into a denatured eonfiguration [89]. Low pH, sodium dodecyl sulfate. Tween 80, chaotropie salts, and exogenous proteins have been used to protect proteins from thermal inaetivation [90]. Ethylene glycol at 30-50% was used to protect the antiviral activity of P-interferon preparations [91]. Human serum albumin was used in recombinant human interferon-Psei-n which resulted in increased thermal stability [62]. Water-soluble polysaeeharides sueh as dextrans and amylose [92], as well as point-specific (site-directed) mutagenesis [93] have also been used to increase thermal stability of therapeutie proteins and peptides. 

Permeabilization of cells with 0.1-0.2% detergent after paraformaldehyde fixation can leave an uneven cytoplasmic distribution of the labeled proteins, and some of the larger proteins are redistributed to the nuclei. Extraction with 1 % de tergent prior to fixation removes most, but not always all of the exogenous proteins from the cell remnants. 

To be able to specifically study the digestion of an exogenous protein in rats, a method was elaborated as follows A solution of [U-1I C]-lysine was injected in the wing-vein of a laying hen at the time of maximal egg-albumen synthesis. The eggs were recovered, the egg-white separated and dialyzed to remove glucose and then lyophilized. An acid hydrolysate was sepa-... 

In order to lessen the possibility of sensitizing patients to an exogenous protein... 

Most myeloma lines used in cell fusion originate from BALB/c mice. These mice can be immunized with exogenous proteins (50-100 pg/ml), with cells (107 cells) or with peptides conjugated with carrier proteins, such as the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The proteins and peptides... 

Three toxicology studies were conducted an acute study in rats and two 13-week studies in rats and monkeys. Most findings in these studies could be attributed to infusion of large amounts of exogenous protein that directly or indirectly (through an immune response) effected changes. As would be... 

Translation of mRNA into a protein requires ribosomes, mRNA, tRNA, exogenous protein factors and energy in the form of ATP and GTP. Translation occurs in three major steps initiation, elongation and termination (Table 12.3 and 12.4). 

Amino acid profile and catabolism alterations (clinical significance ) potential protein overload if given with exogenous protein (e.g., parenteral nutrition)... 

A great deal of controversy surrounds the issue of whether or not exogenous protein rich in branched-chain amino acids... 

Extraction with 1% detergent prior to fixation removes most but not always all of the exogenous proteins from the cell remnants. 

Mild reductions in primary and secondary humoral immune response to immunization with exogenous protein antigen... 

Similar to other exogenous proteins, biotherapeutic proteins can be taken up by professional APCs, such as macrophages and/or dendritic cells, residing in... 

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