Decorative Purposes

Green composites are used for indoor stnuTural appHcations in housing. The composite used for the interior decorations are banana, jute, hemp, kenaf, sisal fiber, and its composites. Also the walls can be covered with the boards, which will be attractive and wiU decrease the cost of construchon. 

In addition, these green composites may be easily composted afler their hfe, completing nature s carbon cycle. Biocomposites can supplement and eventually replace petroleum-based composite materials in many appHcations, offering new agricultural, environmental, manufacturing, and consumer benefits. Eco-friendly biocomposites from plant-derived fiber (natural/biofiber) and crop-derived plastics (bioplastic) are novel materials of the twenty-first century and would be of great importance to the materials world, not only as a solution to growing environmental threat but also as a solution to the uncertainty of petroleum supply. 

The use of materials from renewing resources is gaining increased importance, and the world s leading industries and manufacturers prefer to stock the store place with composites derived from natural fibers and biopolymers as against the dwindling resources of petrochemical-based feedstock. 

Biodegradation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) under Different Environmental Conditions 

Biodegradation of Polyvinyl Alcohol under Composting Conditions 

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Safety-match strips arranged for decorative purposes in the form of flower pots are especially undesirable items, since an accidental ignition causes a dangerous flaring of many matches at one time. 

Aluminum is used in the home as household foh (0.18 mm thick), cooking utenshs (the first commercial use of aluminum), refrigerators, air conditioners, appHances, insect screening, and hardware. It is also used for toys, sporting equipment, lawn furniture, lawn mowers, and portable tools. In many of these apphcations, anodized or colored coatings are employed for decorative purposes. 

Lamination of polymer films, both styrene-based and other polymer types, to styrene-based materials can be carried out during the extmsion process for protection or decorative purposes. For example, an acryUc film can be laminated to ABS sheet during extmsion for protection in outdoor apphcations. Multiple extmsion of styrene-based plastics with one or more other plastics has grown rapidly from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. 

Only about 10 elements, ie, Cr, Ni, Zn, Sn, In, Ag, Cd, Au, Pb, and Rh, are commercially deposited from aqueous solutions, though alloy deposition such as Cu—Zn (brass), Cu—Sn (bronze), Pb—Sn (solder), Au—Co, Sn—Ni, and Ni—Fe (permalloy) raise this number somewhat. In addition, 10—15 other elements are electrodeposited ia small-scale specialty appHcations. Typically, electrodeposited materials are crystalline, but amorphous metal alloys may also be deposited. One such amorphous alloy is Ni—Cr—P. In some cases, chemical compounds can be electrodeposited at the cathode. For example, black chrome and black molybdenum electrodeposits, both metal oxide particles ia a metallic matrix, are used for decorative purposes and as selective solar thermal absorbers (19). 

The (Ti02) films are also appHed to glass or vitreous enamel for decorative purposes. Thin films enhance brilliance thicker films impart a silver-gray luster. Milk glass can be produced by mixing the titanate with a low melting enamel, which skaters when the coatkig is baked (424). 

Plate Thickness. Thickness of the plate should always be specified as should the locations on the work where the thickness is to be measured. Generally, thicker deposits perform better, but there are notable exceptions. Mating parts, eg, fasteners having fine machine threads, are not usable if over plated. Machine-threads are usually plated to 10 p.m or less, depending on tolerances. Additionally, gold-plate over nickel does not solder well if too thick thus, gold is usually 1—2 pm or less. Chromium, plated for decorative purposes from the conventional chromic acid bath, tends to macrocrack above about 0.7—1.0 pm. 

Filament is prepared by extrusion followed by hot stretching. It may be used for brush bristles or for decorative purposes such as in the manufacture of woven lampshades. 

Glass cloth. A range of cloths is available and the finest of these are used in order to obtain the best meehanieal properties. They are, however, expensive in use and they are used only in certain specialised applications such as in the aircraft industry and for decorative purposes. 

Plastics materials may be produced from casein by plasticising with water, extrusion and then cross-linking with formaldehyde (formolisation). The resultant products have a pleasant horn-like texture and are useful for decorative purposes. The amount of casein produced has decreased since World War n but was still one of the preferred materials for use in the decorative button industry until quite recently. 

A microcrystalline impure form of silica similar to chert. Used for decorative purposes. Rare in industry. 

Glass-fiber tissue or non-woven fabrics are used for decorative purposes on many insulants. They also give improved strength to foam plastics and enhanced sound-absorption characteristics to mineral wools. 

While brass deposits have a somewhat higher protective value on steel than the equivalent thickness of copper, the deposits tend to tarnish, and when used for decorative purposes bright deposits are normally protected by a clear lacquer. 

The high reflectivity, pleasing blue-white colour, and the oxidation- and tarnish-resistance of the metal are the main reasons for its application in the form of thin coatings to cheaper and less resistant metals, for decorative purposes. 

Metal Threads. Metal threads, not really metal fibers but metal filaments, are human-made. In antiquity, metal threads were made for ornamental or decorative purposes from precious, ductile metals or alloys, particularly silver and gold and their alloys. Such threads were either applied with adhesives to finished fabrics or wound around ordinary textile yam cores the metal-covered yarn was then either woven into textile fabrics or embroidered on the textile fabric (Jaro and Toth 1991 Lee-Whitmann and Skelton 1984). 

Fire Tests for Foamed Plastics Used for Decorative Purposes, 1990. 

In order to impregnate paper, wood and other fillers, nearly 10-15 per cent of the phenolic resins is produced as alcoholic solutions. These find use for decorative purposes for counter tops and wall coverings and industrial laminates of electrical parts. 

The main feature of this plastic is its optical clarity. It is an excellent substitute for glass. It has good mechanical properties also. But as compared to glass, it has poor scratch resistance. PMMA is used to make attractive signboards and durable lenses for automobile lighting. It is also used in buildings for decorative purposes. 

Silica, or silicon dioxide, occurs in various forms including chalcedony, which is a decorative material chert, which is used in abrasives flint, which is used in abrasives and ceramics jasper, which is used for decorative purposes quartz, which is a constituent of sand tripoli, which is found in scouring powders, polishers, and fillers cristobalite, which is used in high temperature casting and specialty ceramics diatomaceous earth, which is used in filtration processes and as a filler and finally, silica gel, which is used in dehydrating and drying. Note, however, that the material of concern is silica, and not silicates, which are relatively harmless derivatives of silica, nor silicones, synthetic materials used especially as lubricants. Neither silicates nor silicones cause proliferative conditions. 

Liquid crystals are mainly used for decorative purposes in cosmetics. Cholesteric liquid crystals are particularly suitable because of their iridescent color effects, and find applications in nail varnish, eye shadow, and lipsticks. The structure of these thermotropic liquid crystals changes as a result of body temperature, resulting in the desired color effect. In recent times, such thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystals have been included in body care cosmetics, where they are dispersed in a hydrogel. Depending whether this dispersion requires stirring or a special spraying process, the iridescent liquid crystalline particles are distributed statistically in the gel (Estee Lau-... 

Keep the bunches of herbs small a good guideline is to gather up no more than enough stalks to fit comfortably in your hand. Hang the herbs upside down this helps preserve their appearance if you are planning to use them for decorative purposes. Use rubber bands to tie the bunches, as these will shrink with the herbs. Be aware that the rubber bands will eventually deteriorate and need to be replaced. Tie a large paper bag or sheet of newspaper loosely over the flowerheads if you want to collect the seeds. 

A large segment of the metal parts produced by industry are painted for both decorative purposes as well as to increase the corrosion resistance and extend the useful life of the product. To obtain maximum quality from painted metal articles, it is of paramount importance to pretreat the metal parts with a conversion coating process. ( 1,2) Pretreatment processes contribute a significant improvement in corrosion protection and durability to metal articles by ... 

Chromium coatings are applied on the surface of other metals for decorative purposes, to enhance resistance, and to lower the coefficient of friction. Radioactive chromium-51 is used as a tracer in the diagnosis of blood volume. 

Chromium(lll) sulfate is used as the electrolyte for obtaining pure chromium metal. It is used for chrome plating of other metals for protective and decorative purposes. Other important applications of this compound are as a mordant in the textile industry in tanning leather to dissolve gelatin to impart green color to paints, varnishes, inks, and ceramic glazes and as a catalyst. 

The most important use of iridium is as an alloying metal for platinum and palladium. Such alloys are used for jewelry, decorative purposes, electrical contacts, thermocouples, crucibles, electrodes, hypodermic needles, and medical accessories. Iridium enhances resistance of platinum to chemical attack and corrosion. It also enhances hardness and tensile strength. The radioisotope Ir-192 is used in examination of ferrous welds and in other radiographic applications. 

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