Combustible Liquid

Hie common acrylic ester monomers are combustible liquids. Commercially, acrylic monomers are shipped with DOT red labels in bulk quantities, tank cars, or tank tmcks. Mild steel is the usual material of choice for the constmction of bulk storage facilities for acrylic monomers. Moisture must be excluded to avoid msting of the tanks and contamination of the monomers. Copper or copper alloys must not be allowed to contact acrylic monomers intended for use in polymerization because copper is an inhibitor (67). 

DMF can be purchased ia steel dmms (DOT 17E, UNlAl, 410 lbs net = 186 kg), tank tmcks, and railcars. On Oct. 1, 1993, new regulations in the United States were estabUshed for DMF under HM-181 the official shipping name is /V, /V- dim ethyl form am i de (shipping designation UN 2265, Packing Group III, Flammable Liquid). Formerly, it was classified as a Combustible Liquid in bulk quantities, but as "Not Regulated" in dmms (49 CFR). International overseas shipments have an IMCO classification of 3.3. 

Cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone are shipped in 208-L (55-gal) dmms, in tank cars, and tank tmcks. DOT regulations classify both cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone as combustible Hquids. Dmms containing less than 416-L (110 gal) do not require ha2ardous material labeling. Larger quantities must be labeled "Combustible Liquid" (19). The price in 1990 (for Technical, tank tmcks, deUvered) (13), was 1.87/kg for cyclohexanol and 1.70/kg for cyclohexanone. 

UL 58, Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids... 

NFPA 30. 1990. Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Mass. 

Safety Considerations Design and location of storage tanks, vents, piping, and connections are specified by state fire marshals, underwriters codes, and local ordinances. In NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 1993 (published by the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Mass.), liquid petroleum fuels are classified as follows for safety in handhng ... 

Class II combustible liquids have flash points at or above 311 K (100°F) and below 333 K (140°F). 

Combustible Eiquid A term used to classify certain liquids that will burn on the basis of flash points. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) defines a combustible liquid as having a flash point of 100°F (37.8°C) or higher. See also, Flammable Liquid. Class II liquids have flash points at or above 100°F, but below 140°F. Class III liquids are subdivided into two subclasses. 

Acetone cyanohydrin (Oxyisobutyric nitrile) (CH3)2C(0H)CN Highly toxic by inhalation or ingestion Irritating and moderately toxic upon skin contact Readily decomposes to HCN and acetone at 1 20°C, or at lower temperatures when exposed to alkaline conditions Colourless combustible liquid Elash point 73°C Ignition temperature 68.7°C Completely soluble in water... 

The fuels consumed in the fire were treated wood, penta, and creosote (coal tars). Both are considered combustible liquids, with flash points above 160° F (CC). Vapor conditions within the headspaces of tanks can, however, reach explosive conditions, and the introduction of an ignition source resulted in spontaneous combustion. Under ideal conditions, creosote burns similar to crude oil, and in standard lab burn tests, has an average burn rate of 4 mm/min. There is no data on the burn rate of penta however, its vapors would have likely burned at much slower rates and a series of complex chemical transformations would have occurred. 

Whenever a hydrocarbon backbone has two hydroxyl radicals attached to it, it becomes a special type of alcohol known as a glycol. The simplest of the glycols, and the most important, is ethylene glycol, whose molecular formula C2H4(OH)2. The molecular formula can also be written CHjOHCHjOH and may be printed as such on some labels. Ethylene glycol is a colorless, thick liquid with a sweet taste, is toxic by ingestion and by inhalation, and among its many uses is a permanent antifreeze and coolant for automobiles. It is a combustible liquid with a flash point of 240"F. 

The only other glycol that is fairly common is propylene glycol which has a molecular formula of C3H (OH)2. It is a combustible liquid with a flash point of 210°F, and its major use is in organic synthesis, particularly of polyester resins and cellophane. 

COSMETICS, FLAMMABLE or COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID, n.o.s. COSMETICS, FLAMMABLE SOLID, n.o.s. 

Are high temperatures involved that may cause combustible liquids to vaporize If these are liquid at high pressure and temperature and the confinement fails they will flash to vapor and could potentially explode. 

In service of hydrocarbons or other combustible liquids or gases the skirts shall be provided with minimum of two 2 inch vent holes located as high as possible 180 degrees apart. The vent holes shall clear head insulation. For sleeve may be used coupling or pipe. 

Figure 17 5. Combustible liquid storage tank in a nonenclosed, adequately ventilated area. (Reprinfed with permission from API RP 500.)...

Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Turbines National Electrical Code Recommended Practice on Static Electricity Lightning Protection Code... 

Basic Classification of Flammable and Combustible Liquids Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Volatile Solids... 

OSHA 1910.106 (based on die 1969 edidon of NFPA 30) and NFPA 30 (2000) designate where conservation vents and flame arresters may be needed on storage tanks or process vessels containing flammable or combustible liquids at atmospheric pressure. Sections (b)(2)(iv)(f) and (g) of OSHA 1910.106 state as follows ... 

CFR 1910.106. 1969. Flammable and Combustible Liquids. Code of Federal Regulations. Washington, DC. 

Class IIIB Those having flash points at or above 200°F (93.4°C). The Department of Transportation (DOT) defines combustible liquids as those having flash points of not more than 141°F (60.5°C) and below 200°F (93.4°C). 

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