Combustion pyrolysis liquid

Thermochemical conversion processes have met resistance from the environmental community and the public. An essential difference between direct combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification is that the latter two are intermediate processes for producing gaseous, liquid, and solid products that can be used in a wide variety of applications. Pyrolysis processes can be optimized for the production of biocrade oils. In the case of chemical and fuel production, the emissions from a direct process effluent can be avoided, although consideration must be given to emissions from the ultimate use of these products as they are used or combusted downstream. 

It is concluded that development of the quality of pyrolysis liquid is necessary. Even-quality liquid is not available today, and the liquid cannot easily substitute conventional fuel oil, In that respect pellets are superior. There are a number of uncertain stages in the pyrolysis liquid utilisation chain, which needs to be addressed for the concept to reach an industrial stage. For example, it has to be demonstrated that the flue gas treatment from combustion of pyrolysis liquid is not too expensive. 

ABSTRACT Fast pyrolysis liquid was combusted with a modified propane gas FLOX burner (WS) mounted to a Stirling CHP unit (SOLO 25 kW ). The propane burner was modified by an air pressure atomiser designed for pyrolysis liquids. Nearly 110 hours of operation with different fuel loads have been achieved, engine performance and emissions were recorded. The Stirling tests proved that pyrolysis liquids can be burned efficiently and with low emissions in a FLOX mode operating burner attached to a Stirling CHP unit. 

The economics of a coal pyrolysis process to cream-off the liquids, utilizing mild conditions (less sophisticated and thus less expensive systems than direct or indirect liquefaction processes) before char is combusted or gasified, can be quite attractive. A number of process streams can be considered for efficient use of all generated solid, liquid, and gaseous products. For example, chars can be sold to offset the production costs of pyrolysis liquids. The gases produced can be combusted to supply the heat generated for the pyrolysis process. 

Liquid fuels for use in internal-combustion engines are extracted and refined from crude oil, with diesel fuels being part of the middle distillate or kerosene fraction. Kerosene was initially derived from coal pyrolysis. The initial main use of this type of distillate was for the kerosene lamp, which had replaced lamps based on whale oil. 

Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) a liquid precursor solution is sprayed into the flame and ignites its combustion drives the flame process. 

In earlier sections of this chapter, the role that particulates play in a given environmental scenario was identified. This section will be devoted exclusively to combustion-generated particulates whose main constituent is carbon. Those carbonaceous particulates that form from gas-phase processes are generally referred to as soot, and those that develop from pyrolysis of liquid hydrocarbon fuels are generally referred to as coke or cenospheres. 

The biomass pyrolysis is attractive because sohd biomass and wastes can be readily converted into hquid products. These liquids, as crade bio-oil or slurry of charcoal of water or oil, have advantages in transport, storage, combustion, retrofitting and flexibihty in production and marketing. 

The high temperature necessary for pyrolysis is obtained by burning fuel in excess air in a combustion chamber. Natural gas is still the fuel of choice, but other gases, e.g., coke oven gases or vaporized liquid gas, are occasionally used. Various oils including the feedstock are occasionally be used as fuel for economic reasons. Special burners, depending on the type of fuel, are used to obtain fast and complete combustion. 

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