Process vessels

Under certain conditions of temperature and pressure, and in the presence of free water, hydrocarbon gases can form hydrates, which are a solid formed by the combination of water molecules and the methane, ethane, propane or butane. Hydrates look like compacted snow, and can form blockages in pipelines and other vessels. Process engineers use correlation techniques and process simulation to predict the possibility of hydrate formation, and prevent its formation by either drying the gas or adding a chemical (such as tri-ethylene glycol), or a combination of both. This is further discussed in SectionlO.1. 

The low cost, light weight, and exceUent electrical conductivity of graphite anodes have made this impressed current protection system valuable for cathodic protection of pipelines, storage vessels, process equipment, and also for weU casings both on- and offshore. 

Pressure Swing Adsorption. A number of processes based on Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technology have been used in the production of carbon dioxide. In one version of the PSA process, CO2 is separated from CH using a multibed adsorption process (41). In this process both CH4 and CO2 are produced. The process requires the use of five adsorber vessels. Processes of this type can be used for producing CO2 from natural gas weUs, landfiU gas, or from oil weUs undergoing CO2 flooding for enhanced oil recovery (see Adsorption, gas separation). 

Schuler, E (1962), Ancient glassmaking techniques The Egyptian cane vessel process, Archaeology 15, 32-36. 

Containers, vessels, process vessels, tank construction and linings, columns, elbows, tees... 

Pumps handling flammable materials represent a significant potential for spill and subsequent fire. This is due to damage to seals and failures of other potential leak points. The first consideration in fire protection for pumps is their location relative to other equipment, vessels, process structures and buildings housing personnel, and key control or utility systems. When locating a pump, consideration should be given to the size, properties of material handled, temperature, and pressure. 

The pituitary gland is composed of anterior and posterior lobes that are attached to the hypothalamus via the infundibulum or hypophyseal stalk, which includes the portal vessels. Processes from GnRH cells in the hypothalamus terminate on or in the vicinity of the portal vessels that convey blood to the anterior lobe of the pituitary. The... 

The result is a flowsheet with two 176-m3 vessels having a total cost of 11,590,000. This is less than half the cost of the single-vessel process. The reactant... 

Vessels processing corrosive chemicals—every 12 months... 

SVP [Single-Vessel Process] A process for making chlorine dioxide by reacting sodium chlorate with hydrochloric acid. Invented in 1971 by the Hooker Chemical Corporation, Niagara Falls. A modern variation, SVP-LITE, is now offered by Akzo Nobel. 

Type of parts to be cleaned (e.g., size, complexity, porosity, loading density, pressure sensitivity) Production capacity Breadth of application Dimensions, fixturing and flow pattern within cleaning vessel process control strategy Parts per cycle and cycles per work period Number of different processes that must be performed by the system... 

In many of the more recent reports of IMDA and IMHDA cydoadditions, the reactions are performed at high temperature under microwave activation. Different conditions have been used, including closed-vessel processes [56-60] with highly polar solvents or ionic liquids as doping agents in nonpolar solvents, or indeed, microwave irradiation under open-vessel reflux conditions [61-63, 36). 

---