Acrylic ester monomers

Hie common acrylic ester monomers are combustible liquids. Commercially, acrylic monomers are shipped with DOT red labels in bulk quantities, tank cars, or tank tmcks. Mild steel is the usual material of choice for the constmction of bulk storage facilities for acrylic monomers. Moisture must be excluded to avoid msting of the tanks and contamination of the monomers. Copper or copper alloys must not be allowed to contact acrylic monomers intended for use in polymerization because copper is an inhibitor (67). 

Table 6. Polymerization Data for Acrylic Ester Monomers in Solution ...

The successful development of eye contact lenses led in turn to a demand for soft contact lenses. Such a demand was eventually met by the preparation of copolymers using a combination of an acrylic ester monomer such as methyl methacrylate, a cross-linkable monomer such as a dimethacrylate, and a monomer whose homopolymer is soluble or highly swollen in water such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone. Such copolymers swell in water (hence the term hydrophilic), the degree of swelling being controlled by the specific type and amount of the monomers used. In use the lens is swollen to equilibrium in water, a typical soft lens having a water content of about 75%. 

Grafting from method, 7 652-653 Grafting onto method, 7 654 Grafting process, 73 537 Grafting through method, 7 653 Graft polymerization. See also Graft copolymerization ABS, 7 419, 421 acrylic ester monomers, 7 386 of methacrylic ester polymers, 76 289-290... 

Living organisms, fermentation by, 11 1-2 Living polymerization, 23 728 of acrylic ester monomers, 1 386 of methacrylic ester polymers, 16 291 Living polymers, 24 705 Living ring-opening metathesis... 

Polymer in situ gels, 9 75 Polymerization, 12 188. See also Bulk continuous polymerization Polymers Radical polymerization ABS, 1 419-123 acetaldehyde, 1 103 acetylene, 1 181 acrolein, 1 279 acrylamide, 1 311 acrylic ester monomers, 1 375-386 acrylic esters, 1 342 of acrylonitrile, 11 197-204... 

Radiation-induced polymerization of acrylic ester monomers, 1 386-387 of siloxanes, 22 561... 

Solution polymerization process, for aromatic polyamides, 19 718—720 Solution polymerization, 20 408 acrylamide polymers, 1 321 acrylic ester monomers, 1 381—383 for linear low density polyethylene, 20 196-197... 

Japan Chemical Week 42, No.2118, 12th April 2001, p.2 LOW-TOXICITY ACRYLIC ESTER MONOMER INTO VOLUME PRODUCTION... 

Osaka Organic Chemical will embark on volume production of a low-toxicity acrylic ester monomer with extremely low skin irritation, it is briefly reported. Principal applications are as a diluent monomer for UV and EB coating materials and inks, and as a modifier in unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic resins and PVC. OSAKA ORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CO.LTD. 

Close to 2 billion pounds of polymeric products based on acrylic and methacrylic esters are produced annually in the United States, about evenly divided between acrylates and methacrylates. A substantial fraction of the methacrylate products are copolymers. Most of the acrylate products are copolymers. The copolymers contain various combinations of acrylate and/or methacrylate monomers, including combinations of ester and acid monomers. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is by far the most important methacrylate ester monomer, accounting for 90% of the volume of methacrylic ester monomers. Ethyl and n-butyl acrylates account for about 80% of the total volume of acrylate ester monomers. 

The vast majority of all commercially prepared acrylic polymers are copolymers of an acrylic ester monomer with one or more different monomers. Copolymerization greatly increases the range of available polymer properties and has led to the development of many different resins suitable for a broad variety of applications. 

In general, acrylic ester monomers copolymerizc readily with each other or with most other types of vinyl monomers by free-radical processes. 

In general, acrylic ester monomers copolymerize readily with each other or with most other types of vinyl monomers by dee-radical processes. The relative ease of copolymerization for 1 1 mixtures of acrylate monomers with other common monomers is presented in Table 7. Values above 25 indicate that good copolymerization is expected Low values can often be offset by a suitable adjustment in the proportion of comonomers or in the method of their introduction into the polymerization reaction (86). 

In 1989 the U.S. production of acrylic ester monomers was ca 450,000 t. This represents about 45% of the worldwide production Western Europe (ca 35%) and Japan (ca 15%) account for most of the remainder. Essentially all of this was converted to acrylic polymers and copolymers. The U.S. production is principally from four companies ... 

Acrylic acid for acrylic ester monomers is made by the air oxidation of propylene to acrolein, then to acrylic acid (12.5).19 Methacrylic acid for methacrylates can be made in the same way from isobutylene.20... 

DADC may be polymerized industrially with small amounts of other miscible liquid monomers. Some acrylic ester monomers and maleic anhydride may accelerate polymerization. Copolymerization with methacrylates, diaUyl phthalates, triaUyl isocyanurate, maleates, maleimides, and unsaturated polyesters are among the examples in the early literature. Copolymers of DADC with poly-functional unsaturated esters give castings of high clarity for eyeglass lenses and other optical applications (20). 

Chem. Descrip. Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3 EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses Surfactant, detergent for use in shampoos, bubble baths, liq. hand dish detergents, and mild industrial cleaners surfactant in emulsion polymerization, esp. for styrene, butadiene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, and acrylic ester monomers food pkg. adhesives, paper, cellophane, rubber articles, textiles defoamer in food-contact paper/paper-board emulsifier in mfg. of food-contact articles resinous/polymeric food-contact coatings Features High foam... 

Uses Antioxidant for lubricants, rubber, waxes monomer stabilizer insecticide mfg. of dyes polymerization inhibitor for acrylic ester monomers chain transfer agent in rubber prod. polymerization control agent in food-pkg. adhesives food and feed additive treatment of food-producing animals mfg. of chlorpromazine and related antipsychotic drugs anthelmintic drug antioxidant in dry rosin size in mfg. of paper/paper-board in contact with aq./fatty foods in food-contact rubber articles for repeated use... 

EP 56-526 1982 Mobil Oil Corp. Radiation cdrable coating composition comprising an acrylic ester monomer and polyfunctional acrylate crosslinking agents. The use of the adduct of (meth) acrylic acid or its hydroxy-alkyl ester and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is claimed. 

The structure of the acrylic ester monomers is represented by the following ... 

When copolymerized, the acrylic ester monomers typically randomly incorporate themselves into the polymer chains according to the percentage concentration of each monomer in the reactor initial charge. Alternatively, acrylic ester monomers can be copolymerized with styrene, methacrylic ester monomers, acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate to produce commercially significant polymers. 

Acrylic ester monomers are typically synthesized from the combination of acrylic acid and an alcohol. The properties of the polymers they form are dominated by the nature of the ester side chain as well as the molecular weight of the product. Acrylic ester polymers are similar to others in that they show an improvement in properties as a function of molecular weight imtil a certain threshold beyond which no further improvement is observed. This threshold is reached at a molecular weight value of 100,000-200,000 for acrylic polymers. 

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