Combustible liquids definition

Aqua (water) it may be recalled, was a generic name for liquids with the ancients. This according to Berthelot confirmed by Von Lippmann is the first definite reference to the separation of a combustible liquid by the distillation... 

It should be noted that the U.S. OSHA and U.S. DOT have differing definitions for the terms flammable and combustible. DOT defines a flammable liquid as one that, under specified procedures, has a flash point of not more than 141°F/60.5°C. A combustible liquid is defined as one having a flash point above 141 °F/60.5°C and below 200°F/93°C. This definition is used in this book. Many experts use 100°F/37.8°C as the point to differentiate these... 

For the purposes of the regulation a combustible liquid is defined as any liquid that does not meet the definition of any other classification specified in the regulation and has a flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and below 200°F (93.3°C) except any mixture having one component or more with a flash point at 200°F (93.3°C) or higher, that makes up at least 99 percent of the total volume of the mixture. 

A wide variety of chemicals can be used in any laboratory environment, including those chemicals that have the properties of being flammable or combustible. Before discussing some of the general precautions to take in handling and storing flammable and combustible liquids, the following definitions are necessary ... 

NFPA 430, 2.4.2.2 4.1.7.3 When flammable and combustible liquids are stored in segregated warehouses (see definition) with oxidizers, they shall be separated from those oxidizers by a distance of 25 ft. with dikes, drains, or sloping floors present to prevent the flammable liquids from encroaching on the separation. 

NFPA 30, 4.4.3.S NFPA 30, 4.5.14 NFPA 30, 4.5.2.S 4.3.2 Class Iflammable liquids (see definition) shall not be stored in basement areas. Class II and Class IIIA combustible liquids (see definition) shall not be stored in basement areas imless those areas are protected with automatic sprinkler systems. 

NFPA 30, 4.10.1 29CFR1910.106(d)(7) (iv) 4.3.11 Water reactive materials (see definition) shall not be stored in the same area with flammable or combustible liquids. ... 

According to regulatory definitions, flammable liquids and combustible liquids are those which can undergo combustion under conditions incident to transportation. A flammable liquid preparation is any liquid mixture or compound readied for some kind of use, possibly medicinal, that remains flammable. A material s tendency to be flammable is characterized using the following factors ... 

Combustible liquid. (1) For the purpose of this subchapter, a combustible liquid means any liquid that does not meet the definition of any other hazard class specified in this subchapter and has a flash point above 60.5°C (141°F) and below 93°C (200°F). US 173.120(b)... 

A flammable liquid with a flash point at or above 38 C (100°F) that does not meet the definition of any other hazard class may be reclassed as a combustible liquid. This provision does not apply to transportation by vessel or aircraft, except where other means of transportation is im-... 

Table 3.4 Definitions and Classes of Flammable and Combustible Liquids...

With these definitions in mind, it is possible to divide ignitable materials into four major classes. A flammable solid is one that can ignite from friction or from heat remaining from its manufacture or that might cause a serious hazard if ignited. Explosive materials are not included in this classification. A flammable liquid is one having a flash point below 60.5°C (141°F). A combustible liquid has a flash point in excess of but below 93.3°C (200°F). Where gases are... 

Guidance to do with the handling and storage for flammable and combustible liquids is provided by OSHA s 29 CFR 1910.106 and by NFPA 30, the Hammable and Combustible Liquids code. The OSHA standard applies to flammable and combustible liquids with a flash point below 200°F (93.3°C). These reference documents provide definitions for terms such as closed container, fire area, and aerosol. 

The flash point represents the minimum temperature at which an ignitable mixture exists above a liquid surface. By definition, flash points are inapplicable to gases. Some solids, e.g. naphthalene and camphor, are easily volatilized on heating so that flammable mixtures develop above the solid surface and hence flash points can be determined. (However, although these substances can be ignited, they generally need to be heated above their flash points in order for combustion to be sustained this is the fire point .)... 

The Subpart O standards apply to units that treat or destroy hazardous waste and which meet the definition of an incinerator. An incinerator is any enclosed device that uses controlled flame combustion and does not meet the criteria for classification as a boiler, sludge dryer, carbon regeneration unit, or industrial furnace. Typical incinerators1 2 3 include rotary kilns, liquid injectors, fixed hearth units, and fluidized bed incinerators (Table 23.1). The definition of an incinerator also includes units that meet the definition of an infrared incinerator or plasma arc incinerator. An infrared incinerator is any enclosed device that uses electric-powered resistance as a source of heat and which is not listed as an industrial furnace. A plasma arc incinerator is any enclosed device that uses a high-intensity electrical discharge as a source of heat and which is not listed as an industrial furnace. 

Does this make sense in this case Absolutely. We are first going from a system containing 2 moles of liquid fuel to 2 moles of gaseous fuel - a big increase in entropy. Then before reaction we have 27 moles of gas, and after reaction we have a system containing 34 moles of gas. Entropy involves an increase in the relative positions of the molecules with respect to each other and the energies they can have. The entropy of this system has definitely increased after the combustion reaction has occurred. 

---