Coleoptera

Some esters of long-chain saturated fatty acids are aggregation pheromone beetles. The ethanol-ester of 4-methyloctanoic acid is, for instance, a commercialized aggregation pheromone (Oryctalure ) used to control the coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) (Morin et al., 1996). American palm weevil (Rhynchphorus palmarum) is attracted by the aggregation pheromone 6-methyl-2-hepten-4-ol. The pheromone has been tried for control of the weevil and is sold under the names Rhyncopherol and Rhynkolure . 

Other chemically related long-chain branched alcohols are commercially available for other weevils. 

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Interestingly, certain other pore-forming toxins possess helix-bundle motifs that may participate in channel formation, in a manner similar to that proposed for colicin la. For example, the S-endotoxui produced by Bacillus thuringiensis is toxic to Coleoptera insects (beetles) and is composed of three domains, including a seven-helix bundle, a three-sheet domain, and a /3-sandwich. In the seven-helix bundle, helix 5 is highly hydrophobic, and the other six helices are amphipathic. In solution (Figure 10.32), the six amphipathic... 

Viviani, V. R., and Bechara, E. J. H. (1995). Bioluminescence of Brazilian fireflies (Coleoptera Lampyridae) Spectral distribution and pH effect on luciferase-elicited colors. Comparison with Elaterid and phengodid luciferases. Photochem. Photobiol. 62 490-495. 

Haidekker A, Hering D (2008) Relationship between benthic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera) and temperature in small and medium-sized streams in Germany a multivariate study. Aquat Sci 42 463 81... 

The second B. thuringiensis toxin, the /3-exotoxin has a much broader spectrum encompassing the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. It is an adenine nucleotide, probably an ATP analogue which acts by competitively inhibiting enzymes which catalyse the hydrolysis of ATP and pyrophosphate. This compound, however, is toxic when administered to mammals so that commercial preparations of the B. thuringiensis 5-endotoxin are obtained from strains which do not produce the j8-exotoxin. 

Associations between endosymbiotic bacteria and the Homoptera, Blattaria, and Coleoptera are common. One of the best known is that between Biicli-nera and the aphids (149,150). Both partners are obligate and mutualistic symbionts, and the aphids cannot survive without the bacteria (150). Buclmera, in fact. 

An insect growth regulator, used to control early instar larvae of Homoptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera in citrus, cotton, and vines and fruiting vegetables The residue of concern is for the parent, fenoxycarb, only... 

Among the Coleoptera, the soldier beetles were most susceptible to DDT and DFDT, with small dosages producing comparatively rapid kills. In general, DFDT was superior to DDT against all insects of this order. 

CC12 149-150 Grain weevils Coleoptera Equal to DDT Inferior to DDT (86)... 

Chemical Secretions of the Suborder Adephaga (Coleoptera). Kelly B. Miller, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523,... 

Coleoptera comprise the largest order of insects and accordingly pheromone structures and biochemical pathways are diverse [98, 99]. Beetle pheromone biosynthesis involves fatty acid, amino acid, or isoprenoid types of pathways. In some cases dietary host compounds can be converted to pheromones, but it is becoming apparent that most beetle pheromones are synthesized de novo. 

Beti J A, Phillips T W and Smalley E B (1995), Effects of maize weevils (Coleoptera Curculionidae) on production of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus flavus in stored corn , J. Economic Entomol., 88, 1776-1782. 

Blank G, Goswami N, Madrid F, Marquardt R R and Frohlich A A (1995), Evaluation of Trifolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) excreta on ochratoxin production in stored wheat , J. Stored Products Res., 31, 151-155. 

Vaughan, J. and E.C. Turner, Jr. 1984. Residual and topical toxicity of various insecticides to the lesser mealworm (coleoptera tenebrionidae). Jour. Econ. Entomol. 77 216-220. 

Sparks TC, Pavloff AM, Rose RL et al (1983) Temperature-toxicity relationships of pyrethroids on Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) and Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera Curculionidae). J Econ Entomol 76 243-246... 

Kono Y, Ozeki N (1987) Induction of ovarian development by juvenile hormone and pyrethroids in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera Coccinellidae). Appl Entomol Zool 22 68-76... 

Koppenhofer AM, Rodriguez-Saona CR, Polavarapu S, Holdcraft RJ. Entomopatogenic nematodes for control of Phyllophaga Georgiana (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae) in cranberries. Biocont Sci Tech. 2008 18 21-31. 

Shapiro-Ilan DI, Jackson M, Reilly CC, Hotchkiss MW. Effects of combining on entomopathogenic fungi or bacterium with entompathogenic nematodes on mortality of Curculio caryae (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Bio Cont. 2004 30 119-126. 

Adane, K., Moore, D., and Archer, S.A. 1996. Preliminary studies on the use of Beauveria bassiana to control Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera Curculionidae) in the laboratory. J. Stored Prod. Res. 32, 105-113. 

Arbogast, R.T. 1976. Suppression of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)(Coleoptera Cucujidae) on shelled com by the predator Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter)(Hemiptera Anthocoridae). J. Georgia Entomol. Soc. 11, 67-71. 

Arthur, F.H. 1998. Residual studies with cyfluthrin wettable powder Toxicity towards red flour beetles (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) exposed for short time intervals on treated concrete. 

Arthur, F.H. 2001. Susceptibility of last-instar red flour beetles and confused flour beetles (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) to Hydroprene. J. Econ. Entomol. 94, 772-779. 

Arthur, F.H. and Zettler, J.L. 1991. Malation resistance in Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera tenebrionidae) Differences between discriminating concentrations by topical applications and residual mortality on treated surfaces. J. Econ. Entomol. 84, 721-726. 

Cline, L.D., Press, J.W., and Flaherty, B.R. 1985. Suppression of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera Curculionidae), inside and outside of burlap, woven polypropylene, and cotton bags by the parasitic wasp, Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera Pteromalidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 78, 835-838. 

Cope, J.M. and Fox, C.W. 2003. Oviposition decisions in the seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera Bruchidae) Effects of seed size on superparasitism. J. Stored Prod. Res. 39, 355-365. 

Cox, P. and Parish, W.E. 1991. Effects of refuge content and food availability on refuge-seeking behaviour in Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera Cucujidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 27. 135-139. 

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