Fruiting vegetables

Methoxychlor 0.04 0.04 Reproductive difficulties Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock... 

Sterilised sealed cans of foodstufifs, including fruit, vegetables, meat, fish and milk, which should contain only residual traces of oxygen. Cans for beer and soft drinks. 

The sample preparation was very simple the sample was centrifuged to remove plant cell residues and 10 pi of the clear juice was placed on the column. This type of separation is common with fruits, vegetables and juices and samples can be obtained by preliminary homogenizing the total tissues and then centrifuging. If it is suspected that the residue still contains significant quantities of the substances of interest, then it can be washed with water or if necessary with solvents and the washings combined with the separated supernatant liquor. The results obtained are shown in figure 15. 

Sheridan RS, Meola JR. 1999. Analysis of pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables, and milk by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J AOAC Int 82(4) 982-990. 

Numerous methods have also been reported for foods, including milk (Bennett et al. 1997), chili fruits (Pokharkar and Dethe 1981), fruits and vegetables (Mitchell 1976), and the multiresidue methods for fatty and non-fatty foods (fruits, vegetables, seeds, dairy, eggs, meats) published by FDA (FDA 1994). Limits of detection are generally in the sub-ppm to ppb range. 

Fruits vegetables Homogenization of sample with acetonitrile and clean-up on Florisil column GC/ECD <1 ppm (mg/kg) 101.5B103.6 ( endosulfan) 100B102 ( endosulfan) 92.9 (endosulfan sulfate) Mitchell 1976... 

Vitamin C occurs as L-ascorbic acid and dihydroascorbic acid in fruits, vegetables and potatoes, as well as in processed foods to which it has been added as an antioxidant. The only wholly undisputed function of vitamin C is the prevention of scurvy. Although this is the physiological rationale for the currently recommended intake levels, there is growing evidence that vitamin C may provide additional protective effects against other diseases including cancer, and the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) may be increased in the near future. Scurvy develops in adults whose habitual intake of vitamin C falls below 1 mg/d, and under experimental conditions 10 mg/d is sufficient to prevent or alleviate symptoms (Bartley et al., 1953). The RDA is 60 mg per day in the USA, but plasma levels of ascorbate do not achieve saturation until daily intakes reach around 100 mg (Bates et al., 1979). Most of the ascorbate in human diets is derived from natural sources, and consumers who eat five portions, or about 400-500 g, of fruits and vegetables per day could obtain as much as 200 mg of ascorbate. 

BLOCK G, PATTERSON B and SUBAR A (1992) Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention a review of the epidemiological evidence , Nutr Cancer, 18, 1-29. 

JUSTESEN u, KNUTHSEN p and LETH T (1998) Quantitative analysis of flavonols, flavones, and flavanones in fruits, vegetables and beverages by high-performance liquid chromatography with photo-diode array and mass specfrometric detection, /C/u matogr A, 799, 101-10. 

TERRY p, GIOVANNUCCI E, MICHELS K, BERGKVIST L, HANSEN H, HOLMBERG L and WOLK A (2001) Fruit, Vegetables, dietary fibres, and risk of colorectal cancer. JNatl Cancer Inst, 93, 525-33. 

Lycopene is a bright red pigment that colors several ripe fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Tomato and tomato products are the main dietary sources of this carotenoid, although it is also found in watermelons, guavas, pink grapefruits, and in small quantities in at least 40 plants. - The absorption of lycopene in the human gut is increased by heat treatment, probably because the breakdown of the plant cells makes the pigment more accessible. ... 

Stintzing, F.C., Schieber, A., and Carle, R., Rote Bete als farbendes Lebensmittel eine Bestandsaufnahme. Obst Gem. Kartoffelver. Fruit Vegetable Potato Process. 85, 196, 2000. 

Daily consumption of various fruits, vegetables, and derived juices contributes to human intake of carotenoids. The estimation of carotenoid intakes has been made possible throngh publication of the qnalitative and qnantitative carotenoid contents of commonly consnmed foods. Average intake estimates in the United States are around 6.5 mg/day. In seven conntries in Enrope, the average total carotenoid intake based on the snm of the five carotenoids was approximately 14 mg/day. When dietary source of carotenoids were analyzed, carrots appeared as the major sonrces of p-carotene in all conntries except Spain, where spinach was the main contribntor. 

Humphries, J.M. and Khachik, R, Distribution of lutein, zeaxanthin, and related geometrical isomers in fruit, vegetables, wheat, and pasta products, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1322, 2003. 

Mazza, G. and Miniati, E., Anthocyanins in Fruits, Vegetables, and Grains, CRC Press, Boca Raton, EL, 1993. 

S.L. Reynolds, R. Fussel, M. Caldow, R. James, S. Nawaz, C. Ebden, D. Pendhngton, T. Stijve, and H. Desirens, Intercomparison Study of Two Multi-residue Methods for the Enforcement of EU MRLs for Pesticides in Fruit, Vegetables and Grain, European Commission, BCR Information, Chemical Analysis Contract No. SMT4-CT-95-2030 Reports EUR 17870EN (1997), EUR 18639 EN (1998), EUR 19306 EN (2000) and EUR 19443 EN, European Commission, Brussels (2001). 

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