Chemical evaluation

Chemical Evaluation Search and Retrieval System (CESHRS), CCinfo CD ROM A2, Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, Ontario, Canada, 1994. 

CESARS - Chemical Evaluation Search Retrieval System... 

CESARS - Chemical Evaluation Search Retrieval System, 305 Cesium hydroxide, 37 Cetex Petrochemicals, 170... 

Vos JG, Krajnc El, Beekhof PK, et al. 1982. Methods for testing immune effects of toxic chemicals Evaluation of the immunotoxicity of various pesticides in the rat. In Miyamoto J, Kearney PC, eds. Pesticide chemistry Human welfare and the environment. Oxford, England Pergamon Press, 497-504. 

The term "bioenertness" is a relative one since few if any synthetic polymers are totally biocompatible with living tissues. The terra is used here on the basis of preUminary in vitro and in vivo tests, together with chemical evaluations based on analogies with other well-tested systems. Two different types of polyphosphazenes are of interest as bioinert materials those with strongly hydrophobic surface characteristics and those with hydrophilic surfaces. These will be considered in turn. 

Feidieker D, P Kampfer, W Dott (1994) Microbiological and chemical evaluation of a site contaminated with chlorinated aromatic compounds and hexachlorocyclohexanes. EEMS Microbiol Ecol 15 265-278. 

THE GREEN SCREEN FOR SAFER CHEMICALS EVALUATING FLAME HETAflOANTS FOR TV ENCLOSURES... 

Principe, Lawrence M. The triumphal chariot reexamined a study and chemical evaluation of Basil Valentine s Triumphal Chariot of Antimony, s.l. L.M. Principe, 1983. xvi, 267, [2] 1. 

Other chemicals evaluated but not yet adopted commercially include organophosphorus compounds, triphenyltin compounds, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, carbamates and the precocene anti-juvenile hormones [517]. Although none of the above has found use as an insect-resist agent, several have been used as antimicrobial agents for textiles. 

A second disk in the series (CHEM Data) contains comprehensive information from the CHEMINFO, Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS), and Chemical Evaluation Search and Retrieval System (CESARS) data bases, as well as recommendations on Transport of Dangerous Goods (TDG)/Hazardous Materials (49CFR). 

Chemical,Biological and Physical Tests on Blends. Reported chemical evaluations on the freshly prepared blends include proximate analyses and amino acid analyses. The same analytical procedures described above for ingredients were also used on the blends. 

Ocean Data Evaluation System (ODES) Data Submissions Manual QA/QC Guidance for Sampling and Analysis of Sediments Water and Tissue for Dredged Material Evaluations Chemical Evaluations Quality Assurance Plan for the National Pesticide Survey of Drinking Water Wells Analytical Method 2, Chlorinated Pesticides Quality Assurance Project Plan for Analytical Control and Assessment Activities in the National Study of Chemical Residues in Lake Fish Tissue... 

CESARS. 1989. Chemical evaluation search retrieval system. Chemical Information System. 

Mitchell AD, Myhr BC, Rudd CJ, et al. 1988. Evaluation of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell system Methods used and chemicals evaluated. Environ Mol Mutagen 12(Suppl 13) 1-18. 

Brusseau, M.L., Jessup, R.E., and Rao, P.S.C. Sorption kinetics of organic chemicals evaluation of gas-purge and miscible-displacement techniques, Environ. Sci. Technol, 24(5) 727-735, 1990. 

First, the incinerator must achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of at least 99.99% for each of the designated Appendix VIII chemicals present in the waste feed. In other words, 0.01% of the respective compound in the waste feed can be emitted in the incinerator stack gases. The specific Appendix VIII chemicals evaluated are selected by EPA from those found in the hazardous waste at reasonable concentrations and are termed principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs). 

CESARS. 1990. Chemical Evaluation Search and Retrieval System. Chemical Information Systems, Inc., Baltimore, MD. July 26, 1990. 

Bioaccumulahon and chemical evaluation - involve more and more elaborate analysis. 

The Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents (CICADs) (see Figure 2.3) are similar to the EHC documents in providing internationally accepted reviews on the effects on human health and the environment of chemicals or combinations of chemicals. They aim to characterize the hazard and dose-response of exposure to chemicals and to provide examples of exposure estimation and risk characterizations for application at the national or local level. They summarize the information considered critical for risk characterization in sufficient detail to allow independent assessment, but are concise, i.e., not repeating all the information available on a particular chemical. For more detail, readers of individual CICADs are referred to the original source document for the CICAD (either a national or regional chemical evaluation document) or an existing EHC (chemicals series). 

A default assessment factor of 10 has been used traditionally for the extrapolation from a LOAEL to a NOAEL. Some analyses have been performed in order to evaluate the size of an appropriate assessment factor for the LOAEL-to-NOAEL extrapolation, based on evaluations of LOAEL/NOAEL ratios. A number of evaluations have been based on data from Weil and McCollister (1963) and adapted by Dourson and Stara (1983). Some evaluations found that this analysis supports that a factor of 10 or lower is adequate while others found the factor of 10 to be overly conservative as the LOAEL rarely exceeded the NOAEL by more than about 5-6 fold and was typically closer to a value of 3. The analysis on LOAEL/NOAEL ratios performed on LOAEL/NOAEL ratios showed 95th percentiles of 9, 16, and 11 for subacute, subchronic, and chronic exposure durations, respectively, supporting the 10-fold factor to account for about 95% of the chemicals evaluated. 

Since most chemicals caused different phenotypic outcomes between the rats and rabbits, species-specific models were analyzed, with 251 chemicals evaluated in the rat model and 234 in the rabbit (Fig. 2). Cross-validation balanced accuracies in the resulting classification models were 71% for the rat model (12 features), and 74% for the rabbit model (7 features). Each model contained positive predictors or assay features generally affected by the developmental toxicants (as defined above) and negative predictors or assay features that were generally affected by the nondevelopmen-tal toxicants (as defined above). 

Knudsen TB, Houck KA, Sipes N, Singh AV, Judson R, Martin MT, Weissman A, Kleinstreuer NC, Mortensen HM, Reif D, Rabinowitz JR, Setzer RW, Richard AM, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ (2011) Activity profiles of 309 ToxCast chemicals evaluated across 292 biochemical targets. Toxicology 282 1-15... 

Sofowora, A. The present status of knowledge of the plants used in traditional medicine in western Africa a medical approach and a chemical evaluation. J Ethnopharmacol 1980 2(2) 109-118. 

Fuchino, H. et al.. Chemical evaluation of Betula species in Japan. IV. Constituents of Betula davurica, Chem. Pharm. Bull, 46, 166, 1998. 

In addition to the chemicals evaluated in this volume, some synthetic and soluble fluids may contain chlorinated paraffins, formaldehyde (see lARC, 1995a)-releasing biocides, microbial contaminants and metal and metal alloy contaminants (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1998). 

US Environmental Protection Agency. OPP List of Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential, (2007) http //www. epa.gov/pesticides/carUst/ (last accessed 8 August 2008). 

D.J. and Kavlock, R.J. (2009) Biochemical activities of 320 ToxCast chemicals evaluated across 239 functional targets. Nat. Chem. Biochem., submitted. 

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