Rabbit Model

Bone defects surgically produced in sheep and rabbit models, have been treated with freeze dried methylpyrrohdinone chitosan [334-336]. hi view of improving bone tissue reconstitution with chitosan associated with calcium phosphate. Microscopic and histological analyses showed the presence of an osteogenic reaction moving from the rim of the surgical lesion toward the center. In control lesions, dense fibrous tissue, without the characteristic histoarchitecture of bone was observed. 

Ajmal, N. et al. The effectiveness of sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate (Mesna) in reducing capsular formation around implants in a rabbit model. Blast. Reconstr. Surg., 112, 1455, 2003. 

Fishman, P. G., Peyman, G. A., and Lesar, T. (1986). Intra-vitreal liposome-encapsulated gentamicin in a rabbit model,... 

Early attempts to find an animal model of HIV-associated sensory neuropathy met with little success. One group described a rabbit model of ddC-induced sensory neuropathy (Anderson et al. 1992). 

A rabbit model of 2, 3 -dideoxycytidine neurotoxicity. Lab Invest 66(l) 63-74 Apostolski S, McAlarney T et al (1993) The gpl20 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 binds to sensory ganghon neurons. Ann Neurol 34(6) 855-863 Araujo AP, Nascimento OJ et al (2000) Distal sensory polyneuropathy in a cohort of HIV-infected children over five years of age. Pediatrics 106(3) E35 Authier FJ, Gheradi RK (2003) Peripheral neuropathies in HIV-infected patients in the era of HAART. Brain Pathol 13(2) 223-228... 

Kassell (Takahashi et al., 1993) has described the activity of a novel tropolone U88999E in a rabbit model of cerebral vasosjrasm. U88999E inhibits lipid peroxidation and acts as a calcium antagonist. Kassell showed that the compound relaxed preconstricted arterial rings in vitro (potency slightly less than flunarizine or dil-tiazem) and that it reduced vasospasm of basilar arteries after rabbit subarachnoid haemorrhage (Takahashi etal., 1993). 

Figure 4. In vivo release experiments for dDAVP (4a) and SRIF (4b) in various cubic phases injected subcutaneously and intramuscularly in a rabbit model. The compositions of the samples are listed in Table n.

Abbushi A et al (2008) Regeneration of intervertebral disc tissue by resorbable cell-free polyglycolic acid-based implants in a rabbit model of disc degeneration. Spine 33(14) 1527-1532... 

Masuda K et al (2005) A novel rabbit model of mild, reproducible disc degeneration by an anulus needle puncture correlation between the degree of disc injury and radiological and histological appearances of disc degeneration. Spine 30( 1) 5—14... 

A more long-term rabbit model of estrogen deficiency has also been recently described in which adult OVX rabbits (7 months) were treated with the Cat K inhibitor L-006235 (12) at 0,2,10 mg/kg, or ALN (0.125 mg/kg, 3x/wk) for 27 weeks. OVX resulted in an 11.5% vertebral bone loss compared to sham-operated controls. Both the high dose of L-006235 and ALN completely prevented this bone loss, whereas the low dose of L-006235 produced a partial response [19]. 

The reader should note that this scoring scheme is the same one used for dermal sensitization scoring, whereas the scoring method for the rabbit model discussed previously is that used for dermal irritation studies.)... 

In favor of the endotoxin theory is the demonstration that endotoxins are active if administered by aerosol (62,64), as is the agent of byssinosis. In a rabbit model, inhalation of either endotoxin or cotton dust extract produces histological patterns consistent with chronic bronchitis (65). Also, in a variety of animal species, fever and dyspnea occur after short periods of inhalation of endotoxins, but when endotoxin solutions are Inhaled on two consecutive days, the second Inhalation is without effect. This suggests tolerance to endotoxins, and parallels the Monday syndrome, characteristic of byssinosis (62). 

The CT behaviour of three alkyl esters or amides of diatrizoic acid (Fig. 1) in rabbits after i.v. injection of 3 mL kg (89 mgl mL ) was reported by Gazelle in 1994 [28]. The particles had sizes of 200-300 nm. The ester compound with the short alkyl chain circulated for a long time in the blood, and the ester with the longer chain was rapidly taken up by the Ever achieving CT densities in this organ of more than 225 HU. The amide showed a blood-pool behaviour similar to that of the short-chain ester. The ethyl ester of diatrizoic acid (EEDA), formulated as a nanoparticulate contrast agent with a diameter of 200 nm, was positively tested in a rabbit model with Ever abscesses [30]. EEDA proved to be superior to iohexol in detecting these abscesses. 

Since most chemicals caused different phenotypic outcomes between the rats and rabbits, species-specific models were analyzed, with 251 chemicals evaluated in the rat model and 234 in the rabbit (Fig. 2). Cross-validation balanced accuracies in the resulting classification models were 71% for the rat model (12 features), and 74% for the rabbit model (7 features). Each model contained positive predictors or assay features generally affected by the developmental toxicants (as defined above) and negative predictors or assay features that were generally affected by the nondevelopmen-tal toxicants (as defined above). 

Quig, D. W., and D. B. Zilversmit. High-density lipoprotein metabolism in a rabbit model of hyperalphalipo-proteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1989 76(1) 9-19. 

Pharmacokinetics No information on human pharmacokinetics is available. In the rabbit model, half-life in the vitreous humor was 62 hours and 79 hours in the retina, while the retinal half-life in monkeys was 78 hours. Systemic exposure to fomivirsen following single or repeated intravitreal injection in monkeys was not quantifiable. 

Table 3—Tobramycin sulphate released in vivo wsing the osteomyelitic tibia rabbit model...

Kitamura, K., Shibata, R., Tsuji, Y., Shimano, M., Inden, Y., and Murohara, T. (2011). Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial fibrillation associated with heart failure in a rabbit model. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 300, H1814-H1821. 

Table 1 Factor Xa Inhibitors (TAP, Antistasin) in Experimental Models of Thrombosis Rat and rabbit models of venous thrombosis [25]...

Liston, R.L., Olson, R.J., Mamalis, N. A comparison of rust-ring removal methods in a rabbit model small-gauge hypodermic needle versus electric drill. Ann Ophthalmol 23(1), 24-27 (1991)... 

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