Chemical Abstracts, information

Little can be said about Japanese patents as a source of information for the chemist searching the literature however, Japanese patents are being abstracted by Chemical Abstracts. Information about them may also be had from Tokyo Koho, the official patent report appearing irregularly in Japanese, published by Hatsumei Kyokai, The Patent Office, Tokyo (3). 

The systematic lUPAC nomenclature of compounds tries to characterize compounds by a unique name. The names are quite often not as compact as the trivial names, which are short and simple to memorize. In fact, the lUPAC name can be quite long and cumbersome. This is one reason why trivial names are still heavily used today. The basic aim of the lUPAC nomenclature is to describe particular parts of the structure (fi agments) in a systematic manner, with special expressions from a vocabulary of terms. Therefore, the systematic nomenclature can be, and is, used in database systems such as the Chemical Abstracts Service (see Section 5.4) as index for chemical structures. However, this notation does not directly allow the extraction of additional information about the molecule, such as bond orders or molecular weight. 

The WLN was applied to indexing the Chemical Structure Index (CSI) at the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) [13] and the Ituiex Chemicus Registry System (ICRS) as well as the Crossbow System of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICl). With the introduction of connection tables in the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) in 1965 and the advent of molecular editors in the 1970s, which directly produced connection tables, the WLN lost its importance. 

More than 10 000 databases exist that provide a small or large amount of data on various topics (including chemistry). The contents in databases are supplied by approximately 3500 database developers (e.g., the Chemical Abstracts Service, MDL Information Systems, etc.). Since there is a variety of topics from economics to science, as well as a variety of structures of the database, only some of the vendors (-2000) offer one or more databases as either local or as online databases (Figure 5-4) [4]. Usually, databases are provided by hosts that permit direct access to more than one database. The search occurs primarily through different individual soft-... 

Publications of this kind are described as non-original. They are abstracting services and handbooks that catch the primary literature, condense the important contents, and make this information available (searchable). Secondary literature is not evaluated and is provided in both printable and electronic forms. Examples are Gmelin, Beilstein, Citations Chemisches Zentralblatt, Chemical Abstracts, or Science Citation Index handbooks include Houben-Weyl, and Landolt Bomstein. 

CASREACT (Chemical Abstracts Reaction Search Service) is a reaction database started in 1985 with more than 6.7 million reactions (3 million single-step and 3.7 million multi-step reactions) (March, 2003) derived from 400 000 documents (journals, patents, etc.). The records contain the following information ... 

B and W J Howe 1991. Computer Design of Bioactive Molecules - A Method for Receptor-Based Novo Ligand Design. Proteins Structure, Function and Genetics 11 314-328. i H L 1965. The Generation of a Unique Machine Description for Chemical Structures - A hnique Developed at Chemical Abstracts Service. Journal of Chemical Documentation 5 107-113. J 1995. Computer-aided Estimation of Symthetic Accessibility. PhD thesis. University of Leeds, itan R, N Bauman, J S Dixon and R Venkataraghavan 1987. Topological Torsion A New )lecular Descriptor for SAR Applications. Comparison with Other Descriptors. Journal of emical Information and Computer Science 27 82-85. 

Chemical Abstracts. These were commenced by the American Chemical Society in 1907. The abstracts are very comprehensive (particularly in recent years) from the standpoint of subject matter and journals covered. Four decennial indexes have appeared—1917, 1927, 1937 and 1947—and these are widely used for locating information pub lished during the period 1907-1947. The annual indexes cover the period 1948 to date. 

The Annual Proceedings of the Joiat Army-Navy-Air Force (JANNAF) Propulsion Meetings, the reports of the special committees, and the periodic hterature surveys pubHshed by the Chemical Propulsion Information Agency including the aimual Chemical Propulsion Abstracts are iuvaluable sources of information on all aspects of Hquid and soHd gun and rocket propellants. They maybe classified. 

The U.S. government, a primary sponsor of scientific and technological developments that fostered the computer and communications technologies needed by the on-line database industry, also sponsored database development projects, information usage studies, and combined computer database development—usage projects. The successors of some of these projects continue to be prominent and include DIALOG, MEDLINE, BRS, LEXIS, and the Chemical Abstracts Registry System. 

CAS/STlS[Interna.tiona.1. CAS/STN offers stmcture searchable files such as Registry, Beilstein, MARPAT, CASREACT, and Gmelin a variety of learning files, eg, LRegistry, LBeHstein, LMARPAT, and LCASREACT and software products such as STN Express for on-line stmcture and substmcture searching. Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of the American Chemical Society, has pubHshed Chemical Abstracts since 1907 and joindy operates STN International with EIZ Kadsmhe and the Japan Information Center of Science and Technology. 

GORE. The CORE Electronic Chemistry Library is a joint project of Cornell University, OCLC (On-line Computer Library Center), Bell Communications Research (Bellcore), and the American Chemical Society. The CORE database will contain the full text of American Chemical Society Journals from 1980, associated information from Chemical Abstracts Service, and selected reference texts. It will provide machine-readable text that can be searched and displayed, graphical representations of equations and figures, and full-page document images. The project will examine the performance obtained by the use of a traditional printed index as compared with a hypertext system (SUPERBOOK) and a document retrieval system (Pixlook) (6,116). 

R. J. Massie, The American Chemical Society and Dialog Information Services Settle Litigation, press release. Chemical Abstract Service, Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 29,1993. 

The Chemical Abstracts Service has institutionalized the use of graphic representations for identification of and retrieval of information about chemical compounds through their Graphical Data Stmcture (GDS) and connection table (CT). Two information packages. Messenger and STN Express, are the basis for this on-line retrieval system (42). 

The world wide facilities for retrieving chemical information provided by the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS on-line) have made it a relatively easy matter to obtain CAS registry numbers of substances, and most of the numbers in this monograph were obtained via CAS on-line. We should point out that two other available useful files are CSCHEM and CSCORP which provide, respectively, information on chemicals (and chemical products) and addresses and telephone numbers of the main branch offices of chemical suppliers. 

Visithttp //ntp-support.niehs.nih.gov/Main Pages/Chem-HS.html. This is the site for the National Institute of Environmental Health Science. You will find MSDS-type chemical health and safety information from the National Toxicology Program. Chemical searches can be performed by chemical name, synonym, or CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) number. 

CAS Number - Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number A CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) Registry Number is a unique identifier that tells you, for example, that aeetone and dimethyl ketone are actually the same substance. The Chemical Abstracts Service is a division of the American Chemical Society. OSHA only requires certain items on an MSDS and a CAS number is not one of them. However, authors of MSDS s are allowed to add additional information, such as the CAS number, if they desire. The numbers you see on trucks on the highway are not CAS Numbers, butU.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) codes, which are not necessarily specific to each chemical. Their aim is to assist emergency responders. 

The purpose of this letter Is to inform you that a product that we sell to you. Furniture Lacquer KX2-1390, contains 20 percent toluene (Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 108-88-3). We are required to notify you of the presence of toluene in the product under section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986. This law requires certain manufacturers to report on annual emissions of specified toxic chemicals and chemical categories. 

Chemical Abstracts Service produces the world s largest and most comprehensive databases of chemical information. Principal databases, CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS (CA) and REGISTRY, include nearly 16 million abstracts of chemistry-related literature and patents and more than 30 million substance records respectively. 

Information was gleaned from each original publication except where an additional reference to Chemical Abstracts is included. Each citation of a Russian journal or Angewandte Chemie refers to the original Russian or German version, not to any subsequent English translation. Abbreviations for journal titles are those recommended in the Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index (1994) and quarterly supplements. 

Fisanick W, Amaral NJ, Metanomski WV, Shively ER, Soukop KM, Stobaugh RE. Chemical Abstracts Service Information System. In Schleyer P von R, Allinger NL, Clark T, Gasteiger J, Kollman PA, Schaefer HP and Schriener PR, editors. Encyclopedia of computational chemistry. Vol. 1. New York John Wiley Sons, 1998. p. 277-315. 

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