Information usage

The U.S. government, a primary sponsor of scientific and technological developments that fostered the computer and communications technologies needed by the on-line database industry, also sponsored database development projects, information usage studies, and combined computer database development—usage projects. The successors of some of these projects continue to be prominent and include DIALOG, MEDLINE, BRS, LEXIS, and the Chemical Abstracts Registry System. 

It has been amply demonstrated that DMSO is a valuable solvent in mechanistic investigations. Also, there is every indication that the use of DMSO will continue as an extremely popular mechanistic probe. It may be hoped in this regard that the methods outlined in this article will lead to a more informed usage than has sometimes been the case in the past. 

The purpose of this section is to demonstrate that in addition to the development of forecasting and control policies for supply chain inventory systems, the framework above provides the means for assessing the benefits of information usage and information sharing practices, one of which is collaborative forecasting. For example, in the model of Aviv (2002a) that will be described in 5 below, the difference between various supply chain settings is determined in terms of the information available to the retailer and the supplier at the times they need to forecast future demand. 

Allard, S., K. J. Levine, and C. Tenopir. 2009. Design engineers and technical professionals at work Observing information usage in the workplace. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and... 

The taxonomy consists of eight factors which are information, usage modes, modality, user contexts, user type, degree of publicness, level of mobility and level of user control factors. This preliminary review provides an overview picture of what factors influencing the design of multimodal interactive systems in a ubiquitous setting. 

The NDT Newsgroup and other forums are playing an important role in expediting meeting and communieation among your NDT colleagues on the Internet - Email is the most important tool for that. Not only technical discussions but also business to business or even direct inquiries are today handled via the Internet. Statistics are presented with more information on specific usage. 

The next step is to define the intermediate event, tire failure. There are two events which could contribute a worn tire resulting from much usage or a tire that is defective owing to a manufacturing problem. These are both basic events because additional information is needed for any further definition. 

There is a strong relationship between the amount of pesticide appHed and the amount detected in soil and water. Some background information on pesticide usage and terminology is useful in understanding their impact on the environment. 

Phase II Mass Balance. (/) Determine raw material iaputs. 2) Record water usage. 3) Assess present practice and procedures. (4) Quantify process outputs. (5) Account for emissions to atmosphere, to wastewater, and to off-site disposal. (6) Assemble iaput and output information. (7) Derive a preliminary mass balance. (8) Evaluate and refine the mass balance. 

A code of principles accepted by 71 countries has been developed for consumer protection and fair practice in the trade of milk and milk products. Mainly the precise usage of the term milk and terms for different milk products is ensured. Confusion arising from the substitution of milk and milk products with nonmilk fats and/or nonmilk proteins is thus avoided. The use of misleading names and information for products that are not milk products is prohibited. Essentially, any product that resembles a dairy product is an imitation or substitute (synthetic) product. 

Whereas Figure 1 represents worldwide data for all types of pubHcly available databases. Figure 2, showing growth in database searches, represents only a portion of those databases, ie, U.S. usage of word-oriented databases in the information center/Hbrary market. 

Accurate information oa the size of the defoamer market is impossible to obtaia. There are too many types of materials and suppHers iavolved. Particularly for the more common oils and surfactants, defoaming is a very small part of their total usage, and no pubHc information is available on what fraction of manufacturers sales is ia the area of foam coatrol. Evea for more expeasive materials such as the poly(alkyleae oxide) block copolymers, there is ao way of distinguishing betweea their use as defoamers and other significant surfactant uses such as de-emulsifiers. 

The initial measurement of electrical resistance must be made after considerable time. Phenomenological information has been determined based on the corrosion rate expected at what period of time to initiate readings of the electrical resistance. Since these values are based on experiential fac tors rather than on fundamental (so-called first) principles, correlation tables and lists of suggested thicknesses, compositions, and response times for usage of ER-type probes have developed over time, and these have been incorporated into the values read out of monitoring systems using the ER method. 

Potential Problems with Probe Usage Understanding the elec trochemical principles upon which probes are based helps to eliminate some of the potential problems with probes. However, in some situations, the information desired is not readily available. 

Current and Future Materials Usage in Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines, Metals and Ceramics Information Center, Battelle Laboratories, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA. 

Table 20.8 Usage patterns for polycarbonates and polycarbonate/ABS alloys in Western Europe and the USA 1997. (Based on information published in Modern Plastics International)...

The occurrence of fine structures has already been noted in the sections on spectral information and ionization losses (Sects. 2.5.3 and 2.5.3.2). In the following text some principal considerations are made about the physical background and possible applications of both types of feature, i. e. near-edge and extended energy-loss fine structures (ELNES/EXELFS). A wealth of more detailed information on their usage is available, especially in textbooks [2.171, 2.173] and monographs [2.210-2.212]. 

Use the LAQ profile and other available information to evaluate the design, operation, and usage of the building, identify potential LAQ problem locations, identify staff and contractors whose activities affect indoor air quality. Review and revise staff responsibilities to ensure that responsibilities that may affect indoor air quality are clearly assigned. 

Not much work is available regarding micromechanical theories of strength. However, considerable work as been done on micromechanical theories of stiffness. We will concentrate on those aspects of stiffness theory that are most prominent in usage (e.g., the Halpin-Tsai equations) in addition to those aspects that clearly illustrate the thrust of micromechanics. Available strength information will be summarized with the same intent as for stiffness theories. 

Confirmation as to whether the water flows and pressure will be affected by usage from adjacent buildings. The average roof should have a duration/runoff time not exceeding two minutes. Periods of greater duration are shown for information and completeness only. 

When ordering a heat exchanger the information furnished to your supplier must include the maximum rate of oil flow, in GPM, through the heat exchanger, and the horsepower or BTU per hour of heat to be removed. On water-cooled models, state the maximum rate of water flow that will be available. For best water usage, the water flow should be approximately one-half of the oil flow. Specify the temperature of the cooling water. 

Marketing forecasts for batteries have been compiled from the Annual Reports published by several battery companies. Information based on the trade journals and investor s brochures, which surveyed and evaluated the present and future global distribution of battery types, was collected. Points of interest were the availability of batteries and their performance/cost ratios, but also geographical usage in connection with social considerations, such as per-... 

Basics Creep data can be very useful to the designer. In the interest of sound design-procedure, the necessary long-term creep information should be obtained on the perspective specific plastic, under the conditions of product usage (Chapter 5, MECHANICAL PROPERTY, Long-Term Stress Relaxation/Creep). In addition to the creep data, a stress-strain diagram under similar conditions should be obtained. The combined information will provide the basis for calculating the predictability of the plastic performance. 

Finally, there have been numerous attempts to develop formulas that could be used to predict creep information under varying usage conditions. In practically all cases the suggestions have been made that the calculated data be verified by actual test performance. Furthermore, numerous factors have been introduced to apply such data to reliable predictions of product behavior. 

---