Retrieval line

Timber shoring is a difficult and time-consuming task. The first shore is placed on the top and requires the rescuer to enter the trench on a ladder. A retrieval line is essential. The first set of panels belongs with the patient to protect him in the event of a secondary collapse. Be prepared to place panels on either side of the initial set of panels. Trench ends greater than 48 inches wide need to be shored if they are located in close proximity to the trapped victim. 

The other end of the retrieval line must be attached to a mechanical device or fixed point outside the permit space in such a manner that rescue can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is necessary. A mechanical device must be available to retrieve personnel from vertical type permit spaces more than 5 feet deep. 

Retrieval system—The equipment, including a retrieval line, chest or full-body harness, wristlets (if appropriate), and a lifting device or anchor (usually a tripod and winch assembly), used for non-entry rescue of persons from permit spaces. 

Rescue Equipment When confined space rescue is to be effected by any agency other than the facility itself (e.g., emergency rescue service, fire department), the facility is not required to provide the rescue equipment however, when confined space rescue is to be performed by facility personnel, proper rescue equipment is required. Proper rescue equipment consists of the equipment needed to remove personnel from confined spaces in a safe maimer. "In a safe manner" means "to prevent further injury to the entrants and any injury to the rescuers." Confined space rescue equipment (commonly called retrieval equipment) typically consists of three components safety harness, rescue and retrieval line, and a means of retrieval. Let s take a closer look at each of these components. 

Non-Entry Rescue The rescue services we have discussed to this point all involve making external (non-entry rescue) confined space rescues—the preferred method of rescue recommended by this text, even though it may not be feasible on all occasions. The rule of thumb that we use is that if external rescue via a tripod, winch, retrieval line, and body harness... 

Each authorized entrant shall use a chest or full body harness, with a retrieval line attached at the center of the entrant s back near shoulder level, or above the entrant s head. Wristlets may be used in lieu of the chest or full body harness if the employer can demonstrate that the use of a chesf or full body harness is unfeasible or creates a greater hazard, and that the use of wristlets is the safest and most effective alternative. 

Weighted metal frame (UNESCO, 1984) To accommodate a reagent bottle (4L or similar) with nylon retrieving line and float (Fig. 21-1). 

A couple of simple points will facilitate rescue. The first is that no matter what type of fall arrest is used, a plan should be in place for retrieving the fallen worker if possible with a retrieval line. Retrieval lines are lines attached that will enable workers to quickly pull a fallen worker over to them while the connecting mechanism slides along the horizontal lifeline. A second simple tip is to issue rescue steps for all harnesses. These inexpensive steps stay attached to the side of the harness, and the fallen worker, if conscious after the fall is arrested, can deploy the step. The step hangs near the foot and allows the worker to step up and take pressure away from his legs and lower extremities. This will prevent suspension trauma. 

When fall arrest is the option chosen for employee protection, the competent person must consider the height hazard presented and the available options. The point is not just to have fall protection on the employee but to actually prevent the employee from falling to the level below. There are several parts to a personal fall arrest system the harness, the lanyard, the connection mechanism, the lifeline, the anchor point, and rescue attachments such as relief steps and retrieval lines. These must combine to arrest the fall and prevent the employee from hitting the lower level. 

Rescues for horizontal entries are essentially the same as for vertical entries. The entrant must wear a harness attached to a retrieval line (or wristlets if a harness is infeasible). The retrieval line may be attached to a manually operated winch to facilitate the non-entry rescue or, in the case of a horizontal entry, the rescue team may be able to pull on the rope to remove the entrant — practice drills will let demonstrate whether or not this is feasible. 

And, with any entry, the harness and retrieval line are not necessary if their use would not help the rescue. If the entrant could get stuck on obstructions while being removed or if the retrieval line could get tangled up with an airline hose or anything else, then it would be infeasible to use the harness and line. In this case, the rescue team must enter the space to rescue the entrant in case of an emergency. 

Standby personnel must have appropriate equipment to minimize the danger to themselves during rescue efforts. They must be equipped with pressure demand or other positive pressure SCBA, or a pressure demand or other positive pressure supplied-air respirator with auxiliary SCBA. Retrieval equipment must be used unless its use would increase the overall risk associated with entry into or rescue from the IDLH environment. Situations exist in which retrieval lines (e.g., harnesses, wristlets, anklets) may pose an entanglement problem, especially in areas in which air lines or electrical cords are present in the work areas in which the IDLH atmosphere occurs. Most of the time, however, rescue with retrieval equipment is effective, and much safer for the rescuers. 

Retrieval line A line or rope secured at one end of worker s safety belt, chest, or body harness or wristlets with the other end secured to an anchor point or lifting device located outside the entry portal. 

The entrants need to wear chest or full body harnesses with retrieval lines to make non-entry rescue attempts easier. 

Wiswesser line notation The Wiswesser line-formula notation (WLN) is a method for expressing the more usual graphical structure of a chemical compound as a linear string of symbols. The resulting alternative notation is unambiguous, short and particularly suitable for computer processing and retrieval but can also be understood easily by chemists after minimal training in its use. 

These tests generate several Gigabytes of data that are fed into a historical database. Although most of the analysis is performed automatically, human interaction is still needed to compare current and past data. Data are stored on optical CD S s from which the historical data bank are retrieved during field inspections from a mobile unit. Each of these is equipped with a CD-jukebox linked to an analysis station. The jukebox can handle 100 CD s, enough to store all previously recorded data. A dedicated software pre-fetches the historical data and compares it on-line with the newly acquired NDT-data. It is based on fuzzy algorithms applied to signal features. 

The ROSDAL (Representation of Organic Structures Description Arranged Linearly) syntax was developed by S. Welford, J. Barnard, and M.F. Lynch in 1985 for the Beilstein Institute. This line notation was intended to transmit structural information between the user and the Beilstein DIALOG system (Beilstein-Ohlme) during database retrieval queries and structure displays. This exchange of structure information by the ROSDAL ASCII character string is very fast. 

The reaction database compiled on Biochemical Pathways can be accessed on the web and can be investigated with the retrieval system C ROL (Compound Access and Retrieval On Line) [211 that provides a variety of powerful search techniques. The Biochemical Pathways database is split into a database of chemical structures and a database of chemical reactions that can be searched independently but which have been provided with efficient crosslinks between these two databases. 

Budgeting. These changes in the storage and retrieval of chemical information requite that Hbraries and information centers now consider not only what should be purchased but also what monies should be allocated for the purchase of information in nonprint formats such as CD-ROMs (compact disk read-only memory) and on-line databases. Coupled with this is budgeting for the cost of hardware and software to enable the rapid and cost-effective deHvery of needed information (15). The geometric increase in sources, both printed and on-line, has increased the role of information speciaHst as an expert in the deHvery of chemical information. Retrieval from increasingly diverse and complex sources becomes the paramount issue for searchers of chemical Hterature in the 1990s. 

In 1982, the European Space Agency s Information Retrieval Service (ESA/IRS) introduced the ZOOM command, providing users with a mechanism to analy2e retrieved sets. In 1984, service at a baud rate of 2400 was made available by Tymnet and Telenet for pubHc access to on-line databases. In 1985, the first commercial CD-ROM drives for personal computers became available, along with the first commercial CD-ROM databases. 

BRS/Morning Search is available only in Europe and retrieves information from the BRS Online Service databank. BRS/Colleague provides access to the BRS Online Service databank, but it is a menu-driven on-line service designed for use by health professionals with or without on-line search experience... 

Description, Acquisition, Retrieval, and Correlation File. This is the only other pubhc substmcture search system, apart from CAS Online, that provides full access to the CAS Chemical Registry File. The DARC file, commercially available on-line from Telesystems-Questel, offered the first pubhc on-line implementation of substmctural searching of the CAS Chemical Registry System. The advantages and disadvantages of the CAS Online and DARC systems have been discussed (49). 

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