Canada statistics

Essentially all the rapeseed and mustard oil produced in India is consumed domestically. In addition, since 1977 India has been the largest importer of rapeseed oil in the world taking fully 50% of total imports in 1978. In 1980, imports of rapeseed oil were 150,000 tonnes with 117,500 tonnes coming from Canada (Statistics Canada, 1982). The domestically produced rapeseed and mustard meal are used both as fertilizer and for feeding cattle and buffalo. 

Statistics on the per capita annual disappearance of food provide time series information about the availability of food. A residual approach is used in these calculations. That is, annual balance sheets are prepared which show the supply and disposition of each food item. Net supply is determined by subtracting exports and ending stocks from the gross supply which consists of imports, beginning stocks, and production estimates. Division by the July 1 population results in a per capita value. The net food figure essentially represents the supply of food leaving the wholesale level as such, it may substantially overestimate actual food consumption. No allowance is made for waste in stores, households, or food service establishments. Nevertheless these statistics are now labeled "Apparent Per Capita Food Consumption in Canada" (Statistics Canada, 1981). 

The results presented in Table VIII summarize the findings by Health and Welfare Canada. Statistical analyses have been applied since 1977. It is evident from the data that LEAR oil fed rats developed a higher incidence (and severity where indicated) of heart lesions than rats fed the lard/corn oil mixture or another oil. 

According to statistics collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (3), U.S. production of cmde talc in 1995 was 1,050,000 metric tons. Montana, Texas, Vermont, and New York were the principal producing U.S. states. Worldwide production was estimated to be 5,845,000 t. China, having 2,400,000 t, was the largest producer in the world after China and the United States, Finland, India, Brazil, France, Italy, and Canada are the next principal producers. World production of talc in 1994 is Hsted in Table 1. 

Economic Aspects. U.S. production statistics for the period 1980 to 1988 are given ia Table 4 (220). Exports amount to ca 20% of annual United States production, and imports amount to almost 10% of domestic production. The main foreign producers are Japan, South Africa, and Canada. South Korea, Brazil, and The People s RepubHc of China are minor producers. Japan s Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. is the world s third largest producer. Two other Japanese producers are Toyo Soda Co., Ltd., and Nankai Chemical Industry, Ltd. 

H2S and HCN have likewise led to its use for scrubbing the off-gases of processes where these noxious pollutants are formed. Production statistics are rather sparse but the main production plants are in Europe, which produced some 11 000 tonnes pa in 1990 and the USA, where production is expected to exceed lOOOOtpa in 1995. Other major producers are in Japan ( 5000 tpa) and Canada (2700 tpa in 1990). The 1991 price for technical grade NaC102 in the USA was 2.65/kg. 

The impact of Ice Storm 98 can clearly be seen by realizing that the number of customer interruptions and the customer hours of interruption for all of Canada in 1997 were 24,280,244 and 38,130,783, respectively. The ice storm alone resulted in 12,332,950 customer interruptions and 282,576,829 customer hours of interruption in the utilities affected. Removing the ice storm incidents from the 1998 Canada-wide data results in a SAIFI of 2.46 and a SAIDI of 3.40. The lOR is 99.9612 percent. Ice Storm 98 had only a relatively moderate effect on SAIFI but a dominant effect on the customer hours of interruption and the SAIDI statistic due to the extremely long storm duration and the required restoration period. It is important to realize that the bulk transmission system retained its integrity according to NERC criteria, and the impact of the ice storm on Ontario Hydro facilities did not propagate into neighboring interconnected utilities. 

Kaplan and Kelloner estimated that between 1972 and 1982, the number of deliveries with general anesthesia in the U.S., Canada, and Great Britain was 29,31,300. Only four cases of MH were reported in obstetric cases during this time. These statistics support Crawford s view that pregnancy may have a protective effect against MH (Crawford, 1972). 

Hanvelt et al. (1994) estimated the nationwide indirect costs of mortality due to HIV/AIDS in Canada. A descriptive, population-based economic evaluation study was conducted. Data from Statistics Canada were used, which contained information about aU men aged 25-64 years for whom HIV/AIDS or another selected disease was listed as the underlying cause of death from 1987 to 1991. Based on the human capital approach, the present value of future earnings lost for men was calculated. The estimated total loss from 1987 to 1991 was US 2.11 billion, with an average cost of US 558,000 per death associated with HIV/AIDS. Future production loss due to HIV/AIDS was more than double during the period 1987 to 1991, from US 0.27 to US 0.60 billion. A more comprehensive update of this smdy was presented by Hanvelt et al. (1996). The same database and the same data section but for the calendar years 1987-1993 was used. The indirect cost of future production due to HIV/AIDS in Canada based on the human capital approach for that period was estimated to be US 3.28 billion. The authors also calculated the willingness-to-pay to prevent premature death due to HIV/AIDS, which was estimated based on... 

Mathematical Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada, S7N 5C9... 

In this case study, 11 different extraction methods (Table 1) were applied to a 1000 m line of 15 B/C-horizon soil samples (<0.25 mm) across the Talbot VMS Cu-Zn deposit in northern Manitoba, Canada (Fig. 1), followed by ICP-MS analysis. Student s t test and minimum t probability statistics provide a tool to rank the exploration performance of each method (Stanley 2003 Stanley Noble 2008). By... 

To make this conclusion more reliable, we applied the above statistical comparison procedure to independent data on the chemical composition of melted snow samples, which were collected in the vicinity of a nickelprocessing plant, on the Kola Peninsula [2], and an industrial megalopolis [4], According to these data, chemical analysis of melted snow was conducted by ICP-MS, ICP-AES and ion chromatography using certified reference materials SLRS-2 of the National Research Council (Canada) and NIST, 1643c (US) [2], Statistical analysis of these data revealed that... 

Maronna, R., Martin, D., Yohai, V. Robust Statistics Theory and Methods. Wiley, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2006. 

Taylor and Gardner (1974) and, more recently, Grace and Taylor (1979) have made detailed statistical analyses of the reported smelt-water explosions in modem recovery boilers operating in the United States and Canada. There have been 77 incidents in the period from January 1958 through July 1979. Of these 77 explosions, 55 occurred in the United States and 22 in Canada. The time period covered 5120 boiler-years of operation in the United States and 1070 boiler-years in Canada. 

Stephen J. Paddison received a B.Sc.(Hon.) in Chemical Physics and a Ph.D. (1996) in Physical/Theoretical Chemistry from the University of Calgary, Canada. He was, subsequently, a postdoctoral fellow and staff member in the Materials Science Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he conducted both experimental and theoretical investigations of sulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membranes. This work was continued while he was part of Motorola s Computational Materials Group in Los Alamos. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Chemistry and Materials Science Departments at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL. Research interests continue to be in the development and application of first-principles and statistical mechanical methods in understanding the molecular mechanisms of proton transport in fuel-cell materials. 

In 1955 Doll established a statistical relationship between asbestos exposure and lung cancer. Subsequently, Selikoff et al. (1968) and Enterline et al. (1975) in America, and McDonald and his associates (1973) in Canada, have confirmed these observations. However, authors who have distinguished between smoking and nonsmoking asbestos workers find only a slight increase in incidence of lung cancer in the latter but a spectacular increase (approximately 50 times) among asbestos workers who are heavy smokers. The effect is multiplicative rather than additive (Selikoff et al., 1968). 

Refined Petroleum Products , Catalogue 45-004, 33(1), Statistics Canada, Ottawa (1978). 

The most extensive land resource is the forest, covering 1/3 of the land mass. This is the foundation of the large forest industry in Canada an industry employing 1 million people, 300 000 directly and 700 000 indirectly, and providing almost 20 of the value of the export trade. Data from FAO (5) sources show the statistics of the major forest countries marked in order of their forest inventories. (6)... 

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada... 

Furthermore, health policy makers in Europe and Canada can point to widely respected statistics gathered annually by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, according to which the United States ranks remarkably low in the OECD on many standard health status indicators, such as the infant mortality rate, life expectancy at birth and at age 60, and potential years of life lost per 100,000 population, that is, life... 

To compute this value requires survivor functions for relevant time periods as well as values for v(f). The survivor functions were computed from male and female life tables available for 1982 and 1997 from Statistics Canada. Economic values for additional life years were computed based on Murphy and Topel (2005) and converted to Canadian dollars using the average per capita ratios of Canadian to U.S. income for 1994-2003. These income-adjusted life year values were then multiplied by 1.267 the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate between Canada and the United States in 2004, expressed in 2004 dollars. 

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