Attenuated total reflectance Fourier analysis

Gaboury, S. R. Urban, M. W. Analysis of Gas-Plasma-Modified Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Elastomer Surfaces. Attenuated-Total-Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. In Structure-Property Relations in Polymers Urban, M. W., Graver, C. D., Eds. Advances in Chemistry Series 236 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 1993 pp 777-790. 

Castillo, E. J., Koenig, J. L., Anderson, J. M., Kliment, C. K., and Lo, J. Surface analysis of biomedical polymers by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infra-red. Biomaterials 1984, 5(4), 186-193. 

ATR-FTIR attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy TGA thermal gravimetric analysis... 

Other applications of subcritical water extraction-solid-phase microextraction are the determination of terbuthylazine and its metabolites [123], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [124,125] and polychlorobiphenyls [63]. Yang and Her [193] collected 1-chloronaphthylene, nitrobenzene and 2-chloro-toluene in soil on a hydrophobic polyisobutylene disc prior to analysis by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 

Characterization. The PPNVP and PPNVP/PEUU films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), ellipsometry, and water contact angles in air. Two independent methods, a modification of the radioimmunoassay used by Ziats, et. al. (14) and an immunochemical stain based on the ABC immunohistochemical staining method (15) were developed to assay the binding of GOx to the PPNVP/PEUU support. 

Surface analytical techniques. A variety of spectroscopic methods have been used to characterize the nature of adsorbed species at the solid-water interface in natural and experimental systems (Brown et al, 1999). Surface spectroscopy techniques such as extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) have been used to characterize complexes of fission products, thorium, uranium, plutonium, and uranium sorbed onto silicates, goethite, clays, and microbes (Chisholm-Brause et al, 1992, 1994 Dent et al, 1992 Combes et al, 1992 Bargar et al, 2000 Brown and Sturchio, 2002). A recent overview of the theory and applications of synchrotron radiation to the analysis of the surfaces of soils, amorphous materials, rocks, and organic matter in low-temperature geochemistry and environmental science can be found in Fenter et al (2002). 

Gelatin-containing PHBV Biomedical applicatic Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), electrchemical analysis (ESCA), atomic frvce microscopy (AFM) (Meng et al. 2008)... 

San Francisco, Ca. 3rd-6th Nov.1996, p.521-33. 6A1 ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTION FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (ATR FTIR) USEFUL TOOL FOR MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF ADHESIVES, SEALANTS AND COATINGS Ishida H... 

The stmctural and conformational analysis of proteins adsorbed to solid surfaces is difficult because most common analytical methods are not compatible with the presence of the interacting solids. With recent developments in instrumentation and techniques, our understanding of protein adsorption behavior has improved considerably [4, 14]. The most commonly used techniques include attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), radiolabeling techniques, immunofluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ellipsometry, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and amide HX with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning... 

A SIA system with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) detection has been studied for sugar and organic acid analysis of Belgian tomato samples (Vermeir et al., 2009). Prediction models for D-glucose, D-fructose, citric acid, and L-glutamic acid concentrations in tomato samples were successful. 

Shim, J. Y., I. K. Cho, H. K. Khurana, Q. X. Li, and S. Jun. 2008. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis for measurement of acesulfame-K in diet foods. J. Food Sci. 73 C426-C431. 

G.W. Lucassen, G.N.A. van Veen, J.A.J. Jansen, Band Analysis of Hydrated Human Skin Stratum Comeum Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra In Vivo", J. Biomedical Optics, vol. 3,1998, pp. 267-280. 

C. A. Rees, J. L. Provis, G. C. Lukey and J. S. J. Van Deventer, Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Fly Ash Geopolymer Gel Aging, Langmuir, 23, 8170-8179, (2007). 

Several spectroscopic techniques have been apphed to determine surfactants in cosmetics with different aims conventional infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for qualitative analysis near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) for quantitative analysis atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to determine specific surfactants. Mass... 

In this work, researchers employed attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) (Figure 4.6) analysis to support their posmlation on UV-initiated grafting. In their proposed mechanism, the grafting process of the PES membrane started with the absorption of UV-light by phenoxy phenyl sulfone chromophores in the backbone of the polymer chain. Two radical sites were produced at the end of each polymer chains as a result of hemolytic cleavage of carbon-sulfur bond (in sulfone linkage). The produced radicals (aryl and sulfonyl) thus induced the polymerization of acrylic acid at the reactive sites of the radicals. Sulfonyl radical... 

Alia- testing, the following test methods were performed on the selected tested specimens Visual examination of the specimens was performed to identify the modes of failure. Oxidation induction time (OIT) was performed in general accordance with ISO 11357-6-2002 (E) [10] at 200 °C. Specimens wo-e taken liom the inner and outer surfaces as well as liom the bulk pipe wall and Micro-attenuated total reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (micro-ATR) was performed. The inner surface and the fracture surface were examined. Scaiming Eleetron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) was performed on the iimer surface and the fiacture surface. 

The infrared technique has been described in numerous publications and recent reviews were published by Davies and Giangiacomo (2000), Ismail et al. (1997) and Wetzel (1998). Very few applications have been described for analysis of additives in food products. One interesting application is for controlling vitamin concentrations in vitamin premixes used for fortification of food products by attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) (Wojciechowski et al., 1998). Four vitamins were analysed - Bi (thiamin), B2 (riboflavin), B6 (vitamin B6 compounds) and Niacin (nicotinic acid) - in about 10 minutes. The partial least squares technique was used for calibration of the equipment. The precision of measurements was in the range 4-8%, similar to those obtained for the four vitamins by the reference HPLC method. 

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used for elemental analysis of plasma-deposited polymer films. The photoelectron spectrometer (Physical Electronics, Model 548) was used with an X-ray source of Mg Ka (1253.6 eV). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of plasma polymers deposited on the steel substrate were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer Model 1750 spectrophotometer using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. The silane plasma-deposited steel sample was cut to match precisely the surface of the reflection element, which was a high refractive index KRS-5 crystal. 

This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation, t Abbreviations used are as follows. FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ATR attenuated total reflectance, IRE internal reflection element, SATR solution ATR FTIR, FSD Fourier self-deconvolution, PLS partial least-squares analysis, PRESS prediction residual sum of squares from PLS. SECV standard error of calibration values from PLS, PLSl PLS analysis in which each component is predicted independently, PLS2 PLS analysis in which all components are predicted simultaneously. 

A method of horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is considered more useful for infrared spectroscopic analysis of leather samples. By this method, the sample is simply put on the flat plate of ZnSe crystal or KRS-5 crystal of the HATR accessory. The Fourier transformation of the interferogram is converted by the computer into a plot of absorption against wave number that resembles the usual IR spectrum (William and Fleming, 1998). 

Important to quality control are the comparison and confirmation of drug substance identity, excipients, and packaging components. Techniques such as Fourier transform IR (FTIR), attenuated total reflectance (ATR), NIR, Raman spectroscopy are used with increased regularity. The detection of foreign metal contaminants is essential with inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP), atomic absorption (AA), and X-ray fluorescence. Also notable is the increased attention to analysis of chiral compounds, as in the synthesis of drug substances. Optical rotation, ORD, and CD are currently the preferred instruments for this practice. The analytical techniques commonly used in the preformulation study are discussed in the following. 

In the present studies, a Fourier-transform infra-red spectrometer in attenuated total reflectance mode (FT-IR-ATR) was used to characterize the albuminated polymer membrane surface. FT-IR-ATR is a powerful surface analysis technique in which a spectrum of only a few micron thick surface layer is obtained. As albumin or enzymes were attached only on the surfaces of polypropylene, FT-IR-ATR technique was ideally suited for the their analysis. 

The most widely available technique for identifying mainly polymer, but also additives in plastics, is Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Samples are exposed to infrared light (4000-400 wavelengths per centimetre or cm ) causing chemical bonds to vibrate at specific frequencies, corresponding to particular energies. In the last 5 years, an accessory for FTIR has been developed, which enables non-destructive examination of surfaces and so is ideal for analysis of plastics in museum collections. Attenuated Total Reflection-FTIR (ATR-FTIR) requires samples to be placed on a diamond crystal with a diameter of 2 mm through which the infrared beam is reflected... 

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