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Grafting initiator

The growth in popularity of radiation as the initiating system for grafting arises from the improvement in availability and cost of ionizing radiation. This is due to the introduction of more powerful nuclear reactors. Apart from its inexpensiveness, radiation is a very convenient method for graft initiation because it allows a considerable degree of control to be exercised over such structural... [Pg.507]

Acid and PFM Additive Effects in Grafting Initiated by Ionising RadiatioTT... [Pg.114]

In Tables III and IV, the effect of urea on grafting initiated by ionising radiation was reported. Anologous results are obtained with the corresponding UV system (Table XII). The other important observation in Table XII involves the use of two commercial additives in the grafting process. These materials are used in... [Pg.122]

For polymers containing double bonds as in 1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene, graft polymerization also involves copolymerization between the polymerizing monomer and the double bonds of the polymer in addition to grafting initiated by chain transfer. The relative amounts of the two... [Pg.754]

The last of the direct methods for graft initiation in liquid phase presented in this review involves chemical additives. Either free radical or ionic initiators can be chosen. Benzoyl peroxide is reported for grafting styrene on Nylon fibers in methanol media (71,105-107), as well as vinyl acetate (106). Azoisobutyro-nitrile has been employed in systems where the graft monomer is styrene (71,106) or vinyl acetate (106). Redox systems involving hydrogen peroxide and monomers like styrene (106,108,109). vinyl acetate (106), acrylic acid (108,109), methyl... [Pg.102]

Effect of Variables on Grafting Initiated by Ceric Ions... [Pg.161]

In the case of cellulose nitrate grafting initiated by ceric ammonium nitrate, grafting may probably be due to a complex... [Pg.175]

Cellulose can also be modified by introducing long-chain polymer(s) onto its main chain. The preparation of a graft copolymer requires the formation of a reactive site on cellulose in the presence of a polymerizable monomer. The principal techniques frequently used are (1) grafting initiated by free radical polymerization, (2) grafting initiated by ionic polymerization (3)... [Pg.102]

Fig. 2. Effect of the number of grafted chains on conversion of cellulose. Grafting initiated by Curve 1 Fe2+ -H202 system average grafting rate Vav - 2%/min, curve 2 CC-Fea+ system Vav-40%/min, curve 3 CC-V5+ system Vav - 70%/min... Fig. 2. Effect of the number of grafted chains on conversion of cellulose. Grafting initiated by Curve 1 Fe2+ -H202 system average grafting rate Vav - 2%/min, curve 2 CC-Fea+ system Vav-40%/min, curve 3 CC-V5+ system Vav - 70%/min...
System Redox poten- Grafting Initiation Max. grafting Ref. ... [Pg.152]

The acidic and basic properties of the organic reagent are crucial to both the monomer diffusion and to grafting initiation. [Pg.155]

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.209 ]



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