Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Aortic

Diseases. Liquid crystals have been impHcated in a number of disease conditions in the human body. A complex cholesterol—phosphoHpid—Hpoprotein Hquid crystal phase has been identified in the initiation and maintenance of atheromatous deposits on the aortic intima in dissected human and rabbit arteries (40). The paracrystalHne nature of this precursor to plaque buildup with the resultant loss of arterial elasticity... [Pg.202]

Long-lasting vasoconstriction is produced by the ETs in almost all arteries and veins and several studies have shown that ET-1 causes a reduction in renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion. ET-1 has been reported to be a potent mitogen in fibroblasts and aortic smooth muscle cells and to cause contraction of rat stomach strips, rat colon and guinea pig ileum. In the central nervous system, ETs have been shown to modulate neurotransmitter release. [Pg.544]

Economic Aspects. The cardiovascular devices market is estimated to be approximately 2.9 biUion annually on a worldwide basis. This market can be further segmented as follows angiography and angioplasty, 644 x 10 arrhythmia control, 1500 x 10 cardiovascular surgery, 700 x 10 cardiac assist (intra-aortic balloon pump), 80 x 10 and artificial hearts, which are experimental. [Pg.179]

Valve Problems. The primary solution to valve problems has been implantable replacement valves. The introduction of these devices necessitates open-heart surgery. There are two types of valves available tissue (porcine and bovine) and mechanical. The disadvantage of tissue valves is that these have a limited life of about seven years before they calcify, stiffen, and have to be replaced. The mechanical valves can last a lifetime, but require anticoagulant therapy. In some patients, anticoagulants may not be feasible or may be contraindicated. Of the valves which require replacement, 99% are mitral and aortic valves. The valves on the left side of the heart are under much greater pressure because the left ventricle is pumping blood out to the entire body, instead of only to the lungs. Occasionally, two valves are replaced in the same procedure. [Pg.181]

Other efforts have led to the development of ventricular assist devices to support the heart for several months and intra-aortic balloon pumps (lABPs) which are widely used to unload and stabilize the heart. [Pg.181]

Ca.rdia.c-AssistDevices. The principal cardiac-assist device, the intra-aortic balloon pump (lABP), is used primarily to support patients before or after open-heart surgery, or patients who go into cardiogenic shock. As of the mid-1990s, the lABP was being used more often to stabilize heart attack victims, especially in community hospitals which do not provide open-heart surgery. The procedure consists of a balloon catheter inserted into the aorta which expands and contracts to assist blood flow into the circulatory system and to reduce the heart s workload by about 20%. The disposable balloon is powered by an external pump console. [Pg.183]

The worldwide market for vascular grafts was approximately 150 million and growing at about 5% annuaUy as of 1995. The vascular graft area has tremendous market potential in development of smaU-diameter grafts of 3—4 mm for coronary bypass surgery. The total market for the intra-aortic baUoon pump, a cardiac-assist device, is ca 80 million worldwide. About 75,000 patients were supported by these baUoon pumps in 1994. This market is thought to have peaked. [Pg.192]

The regulation of the total peripheral resistance also involves the complex interactions of several mechanisms. These include baroreflexes and sympathetic nervous system activity response to neurohumoral substances and endothelial factors myogenic adjustments at the cellular level, some mediated by ion channels and events at the cellular membrane and intercellular events mediated by receptors and mechanisms for signal transduction. As examples of some of these mechanisms, there are two major neural reflex arcs (Fig. 1). Baroreflexes are derived from high-pressure barorecep-tors in the aortic arch and carotid sinus and low-pressure cardiopulmonary baroreceptors in ventricles and atria. These receptors respond to stretch (high pressure) or... [Pg.273]

Mice homozygous for an ETA receptor gene disruption show craniofacial malformations, such as cleft palate, micrognathia, microtia and microglossia. ETA (—/—) mice die shortly after birth due to respiratory failure. Mice with an ET-l-null mutation show the same cranciofacial malformations and, in addition, cardiovascular disorders (e.g. septal defects, abnormal cardial outflow tract, aortic arch and subclavian arteries). [Pg.475]

In contrast to the formation and calcification of bones, vitamin K seems to lower the risk of aortic calcification. The mechanisms for these antagonistic effects is not known but a participation of osteocalcin (expressed in artherosclerotic plaques) as well as of matrix Gla protein (MGP) are discussed. In addition, the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex seems to be involved [5]. [Pg.1300]

Cardiovascular-peripheral vasodilation,decreased peripheral resistance, inhibition of baroreceptors (pressure receptors located in the aortic arch and carotid sinus that regulate blood pressure), orthostatic hypotension and fainting... [Pg.170]

Siloxane-urethane segmented copolymers, which have very good mechanical, fatigue and surface properties 370,377 or their blends with conventional polyurethane-(ureas) have been successfully used in the production of blood pumps, intra-aortic balloons and artificial hearts 200,332,370,376,377). [Pg.72]

The compatibility has been detected mostly by Lee and coworkers. They confirmed the ability of rat aortic SMC to attach and proliferate on the PGCL surface, and then the seeded scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice and evaluated histologically and immunohistochemi-cally. SMCs were proliferated and differentiated immunohistochemically. [Pg.229]

Opitz F, Schenke-Layland K, Cohnert TU, Starcher B, Halbhuber KJ, Martin DP, and StockUA. Tissue engineering of aortic tissue Dire consequence of suboptitnal elastic fiber synthesis in vivo. Cardiovasc Res, 2004, 63, 719-730. [Pg.251]

Opitz F, Schenke-Layland K, Richter W, Martin DP, Degenkolbe I, Wahlers T, and Stock UA. Tissue engineering of ovine aortic blood vessel substitutes using applied shear stress and enzymatically derived vascular smooth muscle cells. Ann Biomed Eng, 2004, 32, 212-222. [Pg.251]

Knapp, R. C., and Friedman, E. A. (1974). Aortic lymph node metastases in early ovarian cancer. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.. [Pg.325]

Kaartinen M, Penttila A, Kovanen PT Accumulation of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of human coronary atheroma, the predilection site of atheromatous rupture. Circulation 1994 90 1669. Kaartinen M, Penttila A. Kovanen PT Mast cells of two types differing in neutral protease composition in the human aortic intima. Demonstration of tryptase- and tryptase/chymase-containing mast cells in normal intimas, fatty streaks, and the shoulder region of atheromas. Arterioscler Thromb 1994 14 966. [Pg.107]

Human aortic smooth muscle cells Flow chamber 0.5-2.5Nm-2(24h) [10]... [Pg.129]

Deletions in the elastin gene (located at 7qll.23) have been found in approximately 90% of subjects with Williams syndrome, a developmental disorder affecting connective tissue and the central nervous system. The mutations, by affecting synthesis of elastin, probably play a causative role in the supravalvular aortic stenosis often found in this condition. A number of skin diseases (eg, scleroderma) are associated with accumulation of elastin. Fragmentation or, alternatively, a decrease of elastin is found in conditions such as pulmonary emphysema, cutis laxa, and aging of the skin. [Pg.539]

Heparan sulfate GlcN, GlcUA GlcN Xyl-Ser Skin fibroblasts, aortic wall... [Pg.544]

Furthermore, it has been found that ouabain, convallatoxin, and cymarin inhibit the PTX-induced contraction of rabbit aortic vascular smooth muscle (79). These observations have also provided evidence for the involvement of Na ,K -ATPase on the contractile effect of PTX in smooth muscle. [Pg.222]


See other pages where Aortic is mentioned: [Pg.826]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.179]    [Pg.497]    [Pg.466]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.1114]    [Pg.1123]    [Pg.1124]    [Pg.1128]    [Pg.31]    [Pg.260]    [Pg.323]    [Pg.573]    [Pg.1036]    [Pg.1036]    [Pg.1145]    [Pg.370]    [Pg.863]    [Pg.336]    [Pg.443]    [Pg.223]    [Pg.224]    [Pg.104]    [Pg.104]    [Pg.125]    [Pg.132]    [Pg.539]    [Pg.234]    [Pg.9]   


SEARCH



2 HAEC (Human aortic endothelial

Abdominal aortic aneurysms

Abdominal aortic aneurysms assessment

Abdominal aortic aneurysms complications

Abdominal aortic aneurysms endoleaks

Abdominal aortic aneurysms repair

Abdominal aortic stent-graft

Acute aortic dissection

Acute aortic syndrome

Aneurysm aortic

Aortic aneurism

Aortic aneurysms performance

Aortic arch

Aortic arch atheroma

Aortic arch dissection

Aortic atherosclerosis in rabbits

Aortic balloon assist device

Aortic bodies

Aortic diseases

Aortic dissection

Aortic dissection, chest pain

Aortic echocardiography

Aortic input impedance

Aortic instrumentation

Aortic insufficiency

Aortic orifice area

Aortic pressure

Aortic pressure sodium nitroprusside

Aortic puncture

Aortic regurgitation

Aortic rupture

Aortic smooth muscle cells

Aortic stenosis

Aortic surgery

Aortic syndrome

Aortic ulcer

Aortic valve

Aortic valve calcification

Aortic valve impedance

Aortic valve replacement

Aortic valve stenosis

Arteries aortic

Ascending aortic aneurysm

Bovine aortic endothelial cells

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs

Bovine aortic endothelial cells BAEC)

Bovine pulmonary aortic endothelial cells

Catecholamine-induced vasoconstrictio in rat aortic rings

Chemoreceptor Aortic

Cocaine aortic dissection

Dissecting aortic aneurysm

Double-aortic arch

Embolism aortic

Endothelial cell interactions Bovine aortic

Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair

Endovascular aortic reconstruction

Human aortic endothelial cell

Human aortic endothelial cells HAECs)

Human aortic endothelial cells studies with

Inflammatory aortic aneurysm

Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms

Intra aortic balloon counterpulsation

Intra-aortic balloon pump

Neonatal aortic thrombosis

Open surgery aortic valve

Penetrating aortic ulcer

Percutaneous aortic valve

Percutaneous aortic valve replacement

Percutaneous aortic valve technologies

Prostacyclin aortic

Rabbit aortic endothelial cells

Rat aortic smooth muscle cells

Supra-aortic vessels

Thoracic aortic aneurysm

Thoracic aortic dissection

© 2024 chempedia.info