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Aortic syndrome

Among the non-ischaemic cardiovascular causes of thoracic pain that should be ruled out, some present a benign prognosis as pericarditis, while others, in turn, point to a much serious prognosis, such as an acute aortic syndrome (dissecting aneurysm or other aortic pathologies) and a pulmonary embolism. On the whole, these account for 5-10% of all cases of thoracic pain. [Pg.200]

Vascular emergencies play an important role amongst the various differential diagnoses for acute chest pain. Pulmonary embolism, acute aortic syndromes as well as acute coronary artery disease have to be considered.The latest scanner technology available (> 64-slice multi-detector-row spiral CT platforms) allows for a straight-forward work-up in the emergency situation. A dedicated triage based on a sophisticated clinical assessment, however, ist required. [Pg.233]

Acute chest pain is one of the major clinical emergency conditions. Various differential diagnoses have to be considered, some of them are potentially life-threatening. CT assessment for vascular pathologies of the chest can be split up into three major categories. Pulmonary embolism, acute aortic syndromes and coronary artery disease (CAD) require a rapid, reliable and effective diagnostic pathway allowing for an immediate therapeutic decision thereafter. A simple and objective cross-sectional modality should ideally be available on a 24/7 basis. [Pg.233]

MDCT has become the first-line imaging test in the assessment of acute aortic syndromes. A sudden onset... [Pg.234]

Panayiotopoulos YP, Tyrrell MR, Koffman G et al (1996) Mid-aortic syndrome presenting in childhood. Br J Surg 83 235-240... [Pg.493]

Deletions in the elastin gene (located at 7qll.23) have been found in approximately 90% of subjects with Williams syndrome, a developmental disorder affecting connective tissue and the central nervous system. The mutations, by affecting synthesis of elastin, probably play a causative role in the supravalvular aortic stenosis often found in this condition. A number of skin diseases (eg, scleroderma) are associated with accumulation of elastin. Fragmentation or, alternatively, a decrease of elastin is found in conditions such as pulmonary emphysema, cutis laxa, and aging of the skin. [Pg.539]

Acute myocardial infarction Angiopathy Aortic aneurysm Aortic balloon assist devices Giant hemangiomas Peripheral vascular disease Postcardiac arrest Prosthetic devices Raynaud s syndrome Infectious Arbovirus Aspergillus Candida albicans Cytomegalovirus Ebola virus... [Pg.996]

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Abdominal aneurysm, aortic dissection, pleural effusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, superior vena cava syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mediastinitis, fulminate mediastinal tumors pneumonia, gastroenteritis, meningitis, ecthyma, rat bite fever, spider bite, leprosy, plague, tularemia, coccidioidomycosis, diphtheria, glanders, histoplasmosis, psittacosis, typhoid fever, and rickettsial pox. [Pg.499]

Fibrillin microfibrils are widely distributed extracellular matrix assemblies that endow elastic and non elastic connective tissues with long-range elasticity. They direct tropoelastin deposition during elastic fibrillogenesis and form an outer mantle for mature elastic fibers. Microfibril arrays are also abundant in dynamic tissues that do not express elastin, such as the ciliary zonules of the eye. Mutations in fibrillin-1—the principal structural component of microfibrils—cause Marfan syndrome, a heritable disease with severe aortic, ocular, and skeletal defects. Isolated fibrillin-rich microfibrils have a complex 56 nm beads-on-a-string appearance the molecular basis of their assembly and... [Pg.405]

Some congenital diseases such as Marfan syndrome or Ehlers Danlos syndrome (type 4) can cause arteriopathies of cranial cervical vessels. In Ehlers Danlos syndrome, elongations, dissections, dilatation and aneurysms, as well as fistula in large and mid-size arteries, are found. Cystic medial necrosis (Ueda et al. 1999) leads to aortic dissections which can include supraaortic vessels (Fig. 5.27)... [Pg.96]

Part 2. Pathogenic mechanisms of clinical syndromes a literature investigation. Rheumatology (Oxford) 41 619-630 Jones EF, Kalman JM, Calafiore P et al. (1995). Proximal aortic atheroma. An independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Stroke 26 218-224... [Pg.85]

Suspected cardiac source at high risk of recurrent embolism prosthetic mechanical heart valve, endocarditis, aortic dissection, acute coronary syndrome, overt congestive heart failure... [Pg.246]


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