Aortic valve stenosis

In patients with cardiac hypertrophy from chronically pressure-loaded human left ventricles due to aortic valve stenosis, a general reduction in gap junction surface area per unit cell volume by about 40% (0.0031 versus 0.0051 pm2/ pm3) has been observed [Peters et al., 1993]. The gap junctions in the pathological tissue were larger than normal. The estimated gap junction content per cell was reduced [Peters et al., 1993]. A reduction by 30% in the gap junction surface per cell was observed [Peters, 1996]. However, the number of intercalated disks per myocyte and the mean density of packing of connexons at freeze-fracture in these hearts remained unchanged as compared to control hearts. 

We next tested the response to pressure overload, a common cause of pathological hypertrophy seen in human diseases such as hypertension and aortic valve stenosis. We induced pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), using surgery to constrict the aorta between the carotids. The TAC was... 

Livanainen AM, Lindroos M, Tilvis R, et al. Natural history of aortic valve stenosis of varying severity in the elderly. Am J Cardiol 1996 78 97-101. 

Li, J.K.-J., Y. Zhu, and M. Nanna. Computer modeling of the effects of aortic valve stenosis and arterial system afterload on left ventricular hypertrophy. Comput. Biol. Med. 27 477-485,1997. 

Table 1 Degrees of aortic valve stenosis. Shown are the hemodynamic parameters used to evaluate AS, the most common pathology observed in each stage and the symptoms that the patient may exhibit. AVA aortic valve area, MAVG mean aortic valve gradient, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction. Table adapted from [65]...

Mohler, E.R., et al. Development and progression of aortic valve stenosis atherosclerosis risk factors-a causal relationship A clinical morphologic study. Clin. Cardiol. 14(12), 995-999 (1991)... 

Kaden, J.J., et al. Interleukin-1 beta promotes matrix metalloproteinase expression and cell proliferation in calcific aortic valve stenosis. Atherosclerosis 170(2), 205-211(2003)... 

Jian, B., et al. Progression of aortic valve stenosis TGF-betal is present in calcified aortic valve cusps and promotes aortic valve interstitial cell calcification via apoptosis. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 75(2), 457 65 (2003). discussion 465-6... 

Bermejo, J. The effects of hypertension on aortic valve stenosis. Heart 91(3), 280-282(2005)... 

Kaden, J.J., Haghi, D. Hypertension in aortic valve stenosis-a Trojan horse. Eur. Heart . 29(16), 1934-1935 (2008)... 

Honda, S., et al. A Novel Mouse Model of Aortic Valve Stenosis Induced by Direct Wire Injury. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 34(2), 270-278... 

Cardiovascular In 63 liver transplant recipients, including 19 children, cardiovascular examinations, electrocardiography, and echocardiography after 3 months were normal, except for 2 children who developed tacrolimus-related cardiac complications [139 ]. One had hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and aortic valve stenosis and the other had aortic stenosis and mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. Both had high serum tacrolimus concentrations. 

Laissy JP, Messika-Zeitoun D, Serfaty JM, et al. (2007) Comprehensive evalimtion of preoperative patients with aortic valve stenosis usefulness of cardiac multidetector computed tomography. Heart 93 1121-1125... 

Feuchtner GM et al. (2006a) Multislice computed tomography for detection of patients with aortic valve stenosis and quantification of severity. J Am Coll Cardiol 47 1410-1417... 

Grube, E. et aL, First report on a human percutaneous transluminal implantation of a self-expanding valve prosthesis for Interventional treatment of aortic valve stenosis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2005. 66(4) p. 465-9. 

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