Nude mice

Altered cell morphology Increased growth rate Increased saturation density Formation of multilayers Reduced adhesion to substratum Colony formation in soft agar Reduced serum requirement Altered growth factor requirement Tumor formation in athymic nude mice... 

The compatibility has been detected mostly by Lee and coworkers. They confirmed the ability of rat aortic SMC to attach and proliferate on the PGCL surface, and then the seeded scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice and evaluated histologically and immunohistochemi-cally. SMCs were proliferated and differentiated immunohistochemically. 

Yang, H. Chen, D. Cui, Q. C. Yuan, X. Dou, Q. P. Celatrol, a triterpene extracted from the Chinese thunder of god vine is a potent proteasome inhibitor and suppresses human prostate cancer growth in nude mice. Cancer Res. 2006, 66, 4758 -765. 

Tang L, Jin T, Zeng X, Wang J-S. 2005. Lycopene inhibits the growth of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cells in vitro and in BALB/c nude mice. J Nutr 135 287-290. 

Perrudet-Badour, A., Boussac-Aron, Y., Ruitenberg, E.J., Kruizinga, W. and Elgersma, A. (1983) Protection to challenge with TrichineUa spiralis after primary oral infection in congenitally athymic (nude) mice. Journal of Parasitology 69, 253-255. 

Ito, Y. (1991) The absence of resistance in congenitally athymic nude mice toward infection with the intestinal nematode, Trichuris muiis. resistance restored by lymphoid cell transfer. InternationalJournal of Parasitology 21, 65-69. 

Abe, T. and Nawa, Y. (1988) Worm expulsion and mucosal mast cell response induced by repetitive IL-3 administration in Strongyloides ratti-infected nude mice. Immunology 63, 181-185. 

Fogh, J., J. M. Fogh, and T. Orfeo. One hundred and twenty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines producing tumors in nude mice, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1977, 59, 221-226... 

Kawato Y, Furuta T, Aonuma M et al. Antitumor activity of a camptothecin derivative, CPT-11, against human tumor xenografts in nude mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1991 28 192-198. 

EM-800 (SCH-57050) and its active metabolite EM-652 (acolbifene, SCH-57068), are highly potent antiestrogens in human breast and uterine cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo in nude mice and are currently undergoing clinical trials in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer and endometrial cancer (Labrie et al 1999). Acolbifene shows a higher capacity of binding to... 

The main potential utility of the pure antiestrogens is in the treatment of breast cancer. Several studies on their effects on the breast demonstrate both the pure antiestrogenic action of the tested compounds and their beneficial effects on breast cancer treatment. In experiments conducted in nude mice xenotrans-planted with two different human estradiol-dependent breast tumors, a single injection of fulvestrant provided an antitumor efficacy equivalent to that of daily tamoxifen treatment for at least 4 weeks (Wakeling et al. 1991). Additionally, RU 58668 was able to induce up to 30% disappearance of MCF-7 breast... 

Van de Velde P, Nique F, Bouchoux F, Bremaud J, Hameau MC, Lucas D, Moratille C, Viet S, Philibert D, Teutsch G (1994) RU 58 668, a new pure antiestrogen inducing a regression of human mammary carcinoma implanted in nude mice. J Steroid Bio Chem Mol Biol 48 187-196... 

The two aliphatic amino acids have also been replaced by the hydrophobic spacers 3-(aminomethyl)benzoic acid (3-AMBA see 9, Fig. 2) [28] and 3- and 4-aminobenzoic acid (3- and 4-ABA) as well as 2-phenylaminobenzoic acid (see 10, Fig. 2) [29,30]. These compounds displayed IC50 values in the nanomolar range, and 10 (R = H) blocked the growth in nude mice of a human lung carcinoma expressing oncogenic Ras [31]. 

Metastatic bone disease (MBD) is characterized by very high levels of bone turnover in regions proximal to the tumour [33]. Bone resorption inhibitors such as bisphosphonates represent the current standard of care for the treatment of bone metastases primarily due to breast or prostate cancer and multiple myeloma. It has been proposed that other strong anti-resorptives such as a Cat K inhibitor could be useful in the treatment of bone metastases. Evidence for this has been presented in the form of a preclinical MBD model in which human breast cancer cells are implanted into nude mice. Treatment with a Cat K inhibitor gave a significantly lower area of breast cancer-mediated osteolytic lesions in the tibia [34]. In a separate study, the efficacy of a Cat K inhibitor in the reduction in tumour-induced osteolysis was found to be enhanced in the presence of the bisphosphonate zolendronic acid [35,36]. When prostate cancer cells were injected into the tibia of SCID mice, treatment with a Cat K inhibitor both prevented and diminished the progression of cancer growth in bone [37]. 

Subsequently, we expanded on these efforts by studying the effects of various formulations, routes, and schedules of i.v. administration. We discovered that slow infusion (6 h, Q2D, 30 mg/kg x 5 doses) of dEpoB in nude mice bearing human xenograft tumors with a Cremophor-ethanol vehicle was the most beneficial in terms of efficacy and decreased toxicity. 

While dEpoB performed similarly to paclitaxel in sensitive tumor xenografts (MX-1 human mammary and HT-29 colon tumor), clearly superior effects of dEpoB were observed against MDR tumors under these slow infusion conditions. Thus, dEpoB (6 h, Q2D, 30 mg/kg x 5 doses, i.v.) demonstrated a foil curative effect when administered to nude mice bearing the resistant human lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia,... 

Fig. 2.3 Therapeutic effect of dEpoB and padi- on days 6, 8,10,12 and 14. o, control with taxel (Taxol ) in nude mice bearing CCRF- vehicle only co, paclitaxel 20 mg/kg and X, CEM/paclitaxel xenografts (57-fold resistant to dEpoB 30 mg/kg. The average tumor volume of paclitaxel) following Q2D x 5, i.v. 6 h infusion. the control group on days 12,14,16,18, and 24...

Fig. 2.4 Therapeutic effect of dEpoB and padi-taxel (Taxol ) in nude mice bearing MCF-7/Adr xenografts following Q2D x 5, i.v. treatment. Adriamycin (DX)-resistant human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7/Adr) tissue 50 mg was implanted subcutaneously into nude mice on day 0. Six-hour i.v. infusions for control, dEpoB and paditaxel and i.v. injection for VBL, DX, and VP-16 were given on days 8,10,12,14 and 16. o, control with vehicle only to, VBL,...

F. Trump, and C. C. Harris. 1991. Human bronchial epithelial cells transformed by the c-raf-1 and c-myc protooncogenes induce multidifferentiated carcinomas in nude mice A model for lung carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 51 3793-3801. 

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