Aortic insufficiency

A 39-year-old male with aortic insufficiency and a history of no drug allergies is given an intravenous dose of antibiotic as a prophylaxis preceding the insertion of a valve prosthesis. As the antibiotic is being infused, the patient becomes flushed over most of his body. What antibiotic was given ... 

The isolate is penicillin sensitive (MIC less than or equal to 0.1 mcg/mL). / There are no cardiovascular risk factors such as heart failure, aortic insufficiency, or conduction abnormalities. 

Tertiary Cardiovascular syphilis (aortitis or aortic insufficiency), neurosyphilis (meningitis, general paresis, dementia, tabes dorsalis, eighth cranial nerve deafness, blindness), gummatous lesions involving any organ or tissue... 

Unlabeled uses Hydralazine in doses up to 800 mg 3 times/day has been effective in reducing afterload in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF), severe aortic insufficiency, and after valve replacement. 

Davies H. Catheter mounted valve for temporary relief of aortic insufficiency. Lancet 1965 1 250. 

No cardiovascular risk factors such as heart failure, aortic insufficiency, or conduction abnormalities... 

The beneficial effect of steroid therapy was confirmed 8 years later in a larger group of patients [23]. Curiously, an asymptomatic aortic insufficiency was observed in one third of the patients with CHN [19, 24]. This cardiac complicafion was supposed to be the result of an extrarenal toxicity of Chinese herbs [25]. However, the attention was drawn to the role of appetite suppressants in the development of valvular heart diseases [26]. Since most of the CHN patients we have seen have been given appetite suppressants (fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine, phentermine alone or in combination) besides the Chinese herbs, the puzzling association of aortic insufficiency with CHN may more likely be linked to the concomitant use of (dex)-fenflu-... 

Moderate to severe (LVEF < 40%) Left-sided valvular heart disease Mild aortic stenosis Aortic insufficiency Mitral regurgitation Mitral stenosis... 

In a comparative cohort study of1 048173 patients with diabetes, of whom 43 044 (4.1%) had been exposed to benfluorex, the risk of hospitalization for any cardiac valvular insufficiency was higher in those who had used benfluorex (crude RR=2.9 Cl=2.2, 3.7 adjusted RR = 3.1 Cl=2.4, 4.0) [45 =]. There was a lower risk among patients with a lower cumulative dose of benfluorex. The adjusted RRs for admission with mitral insufficiency and aortic insufficiency were 2.5 (Cl=1.9, 3.7) and 4.4 (Cl=3.0, 6.6), respectively. The adjusted RR for valvular replacement surgery was 3.9 (Cl=2.6, 6.1). 

Aortitis often leads to a dilatation of the aortic root and a secondary aortic insufficiency. This dilatation is independent of the etiology of the aortitis. According to etiology, aortitis can be classified into infectious and noninfectious aortitis. 

Employing data taken from patients (Hess et ai, 1984) with aortic stenosis (AS), aortic insufficiency (AI) and with mixed lesions (AI -I- AS) pre-operatively and following successful valve replacement (ave. 17.5 yr), the myocardial stiffness-stress relations are evaluated for each group and compared with that for the group of controls (Figure 5). 

Cardiovascular renal diseases can manifest themselves in a number of different symptoms and can have a variety of causes. About 50% of all victims in this group, however, suffer from essential hypertension the outstanding feature of which is elevation of blood pressure of unknown origin. High blood pressure is often associated with a variety of disease processes, such as disease of the endocrine glands, bilateral renal disease, congenital defects, arteriosclerosis, hyperthyroidism, and aortic insufficiency. In such cases it is often possible to account for the rise in blood pressure as a link in a chain of patholc e events. 

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