Anthropometric

Anthropometric measure of body mass that is calculated by dividing a person s weight in kilograms by the square of their height in metres. 

Caffeine intake inversely associated with bone density, independent of dietary anthropometric and hormonal factors. 

A study was conducted on 21 children, aged 18 to 36 months, to examine the potential relationship between the amounts of lead ingested in food and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, head circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference) (Stanek et al. 1998). The children resided in homes... 

Nutrition assessment is the first step in developing a nutrition care plan and includes a clinical evaluation, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and immune function studies. 

Anthropometric measurements are gross measurements of body cell mass used to evaluate LBM and fat stores. The most common measurements are weight, height, limb size (e.g., skinfold thickness and midarm muscle, wrist, and waist circumferences), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). 

Anthropometric measures are probably most useful with long-term nutrition support. 

Anthropometrical parameters and their comparison with clinical and functional characteristics show that children living in environmentally... 

Joseph Jacobs, Studies in Jewish Statistics, Social, Vital, and Anthropometric (London D. Nutt, 1891), p. xxx. 

To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved in defective insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant subjects, the possible role of IMCL in the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus was explored by comparing insulin sensitivity (GIR) and IMCL content of insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive offsprings of patients with type 2 diabetes. Twenty-six healthy subjects were included in the first study, 13 of them classified as insulin-sensitive and further 13 as insulin-resistant. Metabolic and anthropometric data are given in Table 4. 

Other methods seem to require some attention Van der Voet and Doornbos have used two-dimensional pictures of human faces to represent samples of Bourgogne and Bordeaux wines, where the original variables determine the anthropometrical variables of the faces. 

In conclusion, it appears that all reported anthropometric, clinical biochemical, and histopathological changes resulting from the feeding of Maillard browned proteins in the present study can be attributed to nutritional and/or dietary factors. 

Rosmond and Bjorntorp also addressed the potential effect of HPA axis activity on established anthropometric, metabolic, and hemodynamic risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and stroke [112], Strong and consistent correlations were found not only within but also between different clusters of risk factors, including lipid profiles [110]. The close association to HPA axis abnormality may explain the previously reported powerful risk indication of abdominal obesity for the diseases mentioned under environmental stress challenges [112]. 

Rosmond R, Eriksson E, Bjorntorp P. Personality disorders in relation to anthropometric, endocrine and metabolic factors. J Endocrinol Invest 1999 22 279-288. 

Blood plasma of children with cystic fibrosis was found to have decreased TAC (by 16%) in spite of increased concentrations of ascorbic acid, uric acid, and thiol groups (L4). In another study TAC of children with cystic fibrosis was normal, but these children received vitamin supplementation in doses prescribed in international guidelines (a-tocopherol <10 years, 100 mg daily, and >10 years, 200 mg daily retinol 2.5 mg daily ascorbic acid 100-200 mg daily) (M2). Other authors found TAC values for nonhospitalized patients (1.40 0.20 mM) not different from laboratory control values (1.35 0.11 mM), but greater than values for hospitalized patients (1.09 0.17 mM). TAC in CF children correlated positively with anthropometric values (height, weight, body mass index) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec), but not with age (L3). 

Anthropometric Body mass index (weight in kilograms/height in metres squared) skinfold thickness or other methods... 

Dependency errors arise from lack of consideration of dependencies between parameters (be it by mistake or as a simplifying assumption) or incorrect inference of dependencies between parameters. For instance, anthropometric properties such as body weight, dermal surfaces and inhalation rate are correlated. Not including empirically proven correlations in a probabilistic assessment will yield incorrect exposure estimates. 

The tools for nutritional assessment include medical history and screening aides, physical examination and anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessment, and tests of immune function. A general health assessment and medical history are required to rule out causes of secondary malnutrition such as poor oral health, chronic illness, disease, and medication. Malnutrition is influenced by lifestyle, which includes alcohol usage in adults, food preference, eating habits, social interactions, and economic status. Various screening tools, such as the DETERMINE checklist (White et al., 1991), are available to assess the risk of malnutrition. 

While low serum cholesterol levels have been observed in malnourished patients, largely as a result of decreased synthesis of lipoproteins in the liver, hypocholesterolemia occurs later in the course of malnutrition and is therefore not useful as a screening test. PEM usually results in low serum urea nitrogen (BUN), urinary urea, and total nitrogen. Estimation of 24-h urine creatinine excretion is also a valuable biochemical index of muscle mass (when there is no impairment in renal function). The urinary CHI is correlated to lean body mass and anthropometric measurements. In edematous patients, for whom the extracellular fluids contribute to body weight and spuriously high body mass index values, the decreased CHI values are especially useful in diagnosing malnutrition. 

B4. Benbassat, C. A., Maki, K. C., and Unterman, T. G., Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-1 and -3 in aging men Relationships to insulin, glucose, IGF, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels and anthropometric measures. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82, 1484-1491 (1997). 

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