Anthropometrical studies

It seems probable that the wasting in AIDS patients is due at least in part to a chronic depletion of tryptophan. Although in AIDS patients blood tryptophan levels are low, other amino acids are not reduced to the same extent.28 This pattern is similar to that found in pellagra due to poor tryptophan intake.29 Nutrition and anthropometric studies on AIDS patients indicate that protein is lost but fat is little changed. Administration of excessive dietary tryptophan may relieve the tryptophan deficiency but may increase quinolinic acid levels, which would likely worsen the AIDS dementia. Conceivably, a better approach to improve tryptophan levels would be to utilize inhibitors of IDO, which would also decrease the levels of quinolinic acid. Such approaches with inhibitors of IDO in vitro have been investigated.30-33... 

Isman R.E. and Inman V.T. 1969. Anthropometric studies of the human foot and ankle. Pros. Res. 10-11 97. 

McPherson E.J., Friedman R.J., An Y.H. et al. 1997. Anthropometric study of normal glenohumeral relationships. /. Shoulder Elbow Surg. 6 105. 

Rosenblad-Wallin, E. (1987). An anthropometric study as the basis for sizing anatomically A siga.edtmVLea.s. Applied Ergonomics 18(4) 329-33. 

The choice of analysis is influenced by the type of data and its distribution. Survey data, such as that collected during anthropometric studies (typically interval data), may be analyzed using parametric statistical techniques, while questionnaires (typically opinion-based), are more appropriately tested using nonparametric tests (nominal or ordinal data). In the case of questionnaires, the wording of questions, the organization of response categories, the method to categorize or code, and the format to collect the data all may influence the analysis method which can be used. 

Anthropometrical studies can be used to provide known physical data on the population to assess workplace layout and architecture. 

A study was conducted on 21 children, aged 18 to 36 months, to examine the potential relationship between the amounts of lead ingested in food and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, head circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference) (Stanek et al. 1998). The children resided in homes... 

Nutrition assessment is the first step in developing a nutrition care plan and includes a clinical evaluation, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and immune function studies. 

Joseph Jacobs, Studies in Jewish Statistics, Social, Vital, and Anthropometric (London D. Nutt, 1891), p. xxx. 

To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved in defective insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant subjects, the possible role of IMCL in the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus was explored by comparing insulin sensitivity (GIR) and IMCL content of insulin-resistant and insulin-sensitive offsprings of patients with type 2 diabetes. Twenty-six healthy subjects were included in the first study, 13 of them classified as insulin-sensitive and further 13 as insulin-resistant. Metabolic and anthropometric data are given in Table 4. 

In conclusion, it appears that all reported anthropometric, clinical biochemical, and histopathological changes resulting from the feeding of Maillard browned proteins in the present study can be attributed to nutritional and/or dietary factors. 

Blood plasma of children with cystic fibrosis was found to have decreased TAC (by 16%) in spite of increased concentrations of ascorbic acid, uric acid, and thiol groups (L4). In another study TAC of children with cystic fibrosis was normal, but these children received vitamin supplementation in doses prescribed in international guidelines (a-tocopherol <10 years, 100 mg daily, and >10 years, 200 mg daily retinol 2.5 mg daily ascorbic acid 100-200 mg daily) (M2). Other authors found TAC values for nonhospitalized patients (1.40 0.20 mM) not different from laboratory control values (1.35 0.11 mM), but greater than values for hospitalized patients (1.09 0.17 mM). TAC in CF children correlated positively with anthropometric values (height, weight, body mass index) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec), but not with age (L3). 

The majority of pre-OLT nutrition intervention studies demonstrate a morbidity benefit post-OLT (per anthropometric tests, hospital stay, and postoperative infections), but typically fail to demonstrate a mortality benefit that reaches statistical significance (although this may be due to small sample sizes). Preoperative obesity is known to increase morbidity, and in some studies, mortality perioperatively. It is for these reasons that some centers consider... 

Zhu S, Heo M, Plankey M, et al. Associations of body mass index and anthropometric indicators of fat mass and fat free mass with all-cause mortality among women in the first and second National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys follow-up studies. Ann Epidemiol 2003 13 286-293. 

Studies of the children of environmentally-exposed women have produced mixed results. While some studies have shown significant, negative associations between anthropometric measures at birth (and at early ages) and exposure to PCBs, other studies have reported either significant positive associations or no associations at all. The wide range of results may reflect the different degree of controlling for... 

Understandably, biscuits and beverages (Table 75.3), the two most commonly preferred foods of children, are chosen for fortification. Some of the products have been used as intervention products in studies with children. There are multiple micronutrient-fortified products B shown to have a beneficial effect on nutritional status, anthropometric measures and cognition in school-age children (Abrams et ai, 2003 Lantham et al., 2003). 

In a study of the effects of cola nut consumption during pregnancy on the anthropometric measurements of newborns, cola consumption was associated with a head circumference of 30 to 35 cm and was also associated with a difference in chest circumference. No correlation between cola nut consumption and birth weight was observed. Most mothers (76%) consumed between 13 and 91 g of cola nuts per week (Abidoye et al. 1990). 

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