Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

Dehydroepiandrostemne (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) are the most abundant steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex under pituitary ACTH control (B5). Very little plasma DHEA(S) appears to be of testicular or ovarian origin. Physiologically, the concentration of DHEA(S) in the blood oscillates coincidentally with cortisol, consistent with the response of adrenal... 

Kullak-Ublick GA, Fisch T, Oswald M, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ, Beuers U et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) identification of a carrier protein in human liver and brain. FEBS Lett 1998 424(3) 173-176. 

Chemically, androstenol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, found in male axillary secretion (Brooksbank etal, 1974), occur in active samples. Aliphatic acids with 2 to 18 carbon members may also contribute to the axillary odor (Preti etal, 1987). 

In some countries dietary supplements containing dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) have been advertised with claims that they may be beneficial for a wide variety of ailments. However, there is a lack of any proven benefit from DHEA supplementation. 

Androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) are other mildly androgenic compounds of secondary importance in males and females. The gonads and the adrenal cortex are capable of secreting androstenedione... 

DHEA Dehydroepiandrosterone DHEAS Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ERE Estrogen response element FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone GnRH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone HDL High-density lipoprotein... 

Shackleton CHL, Kletke C, Wudy S, Pratt JH (1990) Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate quantification in serum using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and a deuterated internal standard a technique suitable for routine use or as a reference method. Steroids 55 472-478... 

Because of its effects on the pituitary/adrenal system, ketoconazole has been used in the long-term control of hypercortisolism of either pituitary or adrenal origin (SED-12, 677). In seven patients with Cushing s disease and one with an adrenal adenoma, ketoconazole 600-800 mg/day for 3-13 months produced rapid persistent clinical improvement (585). Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations and urinary 17-ketosteroid and cortisol excretion fell soon after the start of treatment, and remained normal or nearly so throughout treatment. Urinary tetrahydro-ll-deoxycortisol excretion rose... 

Yamashita, A., S. Oshima, K. Matsuo, K. Ito, A. Ito, and Y. Mori. 1991. Pharmacological studies of intravaginally applied dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 98 31. 

The ripening action of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate after vaginal administration of a pessary and intravenous injections was found to be comparable [28]. 

J. decrease, ( increase, —no change, not reported, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. 

Asaba H, Hosoya K, Takanaga H, et al. Blood-brain barrier is involved in the efflux transport of a neuroactive steroid, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, via organic anion transporting polypeptide 2. J Neurochem 2000 75 1907-1916. 

Fig. 10. Hypothesis for the interaction of the A-kinase (A-K) system activated by ACTH with the C-kinase system (C-K) in the long-term regulation of the enzymes of steroidogenesis throughout the adrenal cortex. The primary determinant of zonation of A-kinase and C-kinase activities, via zonation of cell surface receptors or other mechanisms, is hypothesized to be a gradient (e.g., of steroids) created by the pattern of blood flow in the adrenal cortex. The resultant levels of induction of steroidogenic enzymes are indicated by to show particular elevation and by to show particular lack of induction or suppression of induction. Other enzymes involved in steroidogenesis are shown in parentheses. SCC=cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme 3/3=3/3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 17a=17a-hy-droxylase 21 =21-hydroxylase 11/3= 11/3-hydroxylase CMO= corticosterone methyl oxidase activity of 11/3-hydroxylase. Secreted steroids are indicated as B=corticosterone Aldo=aldosterone F=cortisol DHEA(S)= dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate).

Immunity is also influenced to some extent by the endocrine system. Thus, as noted previously, mice remain immunologically normal during aging if they are supplemented with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (D2). 

D2. Daynes, R. A., and Araneo, B. A., Prevention and reversal of some age-associated changes in immunologic responses by supplemental dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate therapy. Aging Immunol. Infect. Dis. 3, 135-154 (1992). 

B4. Benbassat, C. A., Maki, K. C., and Unterman, T. G., Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-1 and -3 in aging men Relationships to insulin, glucose, IGF, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels and anthropometric measures. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82, 1484-1491 (1997). 

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