Forced expiratory volume

Single dose or short-term treatment with aerosolized steroids inhibits both the late asthmatic response and allergen-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness (45,92). However it does not affect the early asthmatic response nor does it induce bronchodilation (45,92). Long-term treatment with steroids protects against both the early and late asthmatic responses and also reduces bronchial hyperresponsiveness (44,71,86,93). Over time, the airways relax (dilate) and measures of airway function, such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV ), gradually return to almost normal levels. 

Coughing extreme fatigue lack of coordination increased airway resistance decreased forced expiratory volume... 

Bronchial Asthma. Table 1 Asthma therapy, according to the German guidelines for asthma and the GINA report 2006 (GINA, http //www.ginasthma.org). FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s... 

FCS Foetal calf (bovine) serum FEVi Forced expiratory volume in I second... 

Spirometry, an objective measure of pulmonary function, can be used to assist in confirming the diagnosis of asthma. The primary pulmonary function tests used to assist in the diagnosis of asthma are the forced expiratory volume in... 

FEV, forced expiratory volume in 1 second PEF, peak expiratory flow MDI, metered-dose inhaler DPI, dry powder inhaler. 

FIGURE 11-3. Emergency department and hospital-based management of asthma exacerbation. FEV-, forced expiratory volume in 1 second Pco2, partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide PEF, peak expiratory flow 02, oxygen. (From Kelly HW, Sorkness CA. Asthma. In DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, (eds.) Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach. 6th ed. New York McGraw-Hill 2005 517, with permission.)... 

The onset of symptoms is variable but often does not occur until the forced expiratory volume in one second (I EV ) has fallen to approximately 50% of predicted.2... 

FEV, forced expiratory volume in one second MMRC, modified Medical Research Council. From Celli BR, Cote CC, Marin JM, et al. The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004 350 1 005-1 01 2. Copyright 2004 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved. Used with permission. 

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) indicate decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEN/,), decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), and increased residual volume. Values are typically worse during acute pulmonary exacerbations. 

BUN, blood urea nitrogen CXR, chest x-ray DOE, dyspnea on exertion FBS, fasting blood sugar FEV, forced expiratory volume Gl, gastrointestinal LFTs, liver function tests SCr, serum creatinine, SOB shortness of breath. 

FEV Forced expiratory volume in 1 second Hib Hemophilus influenzae type b... 

Spirometry demonstrates obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEVJ/forced vital capacity less than 80%) with reversibility after inhaled P2-agonist administration (at least a 12% improvement in FEVj). Failure of pulmonary function to improve acutely does not necessarily rule out asthma. If baseline spirometry is normal, challenge testing with exercise, histamine, or methacholine can be used to elicit BHR. 

Assessment of airflow limitation through spirometry is the standard for diagnosing and monitoring COPD. The forced expiratory volume after 1 second (FEVj) is generally reduced except in very mild disease. The forced vital capacity (FVC) may also be decreased. The hallmark of COPD is a reduced FEVpFVC ratio to less than 70%. A postbronchodilator LEV, that is less than 80% of predicted confirms the presence of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. 

A spirometry test is a breathing test in which a person takes as deep a breath as possible and blows out quickly and completely into a tube cormected to a spirometry machine (Table 3.1). Lung measurements obtained from fhis fesf include forced expiratory volume in one second (FEVi), fhe amounf of air blown ouf in one second forced vifal capacify (FVC), fhe fofal amounf of air blown ouf fhe FEVi/FVC ratio and fhe... 

Volume-Time and flow- Volume Curves The characteristics measured by the maximal expiration are forced vital capacity ( o, 1-s forced expiratory volume (FEv,), peak expiratofy flow rate (Vn x)> and flow rates at and 25% of the remaining fvc (Vj . 2 ) for partial and maximal flow-volume curves. These measurements give an easily obtained, relatively reproducible evaluation of overall pulmonary mechanical performance, but provide little information on the mechanisms responsible for an observed change. 

From U. S. Department of Health and Human Service, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute July 1997. FEVi, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (values < 100% indicate increased airway obstruction) PEF, peak expiratory flow (greater variability indicates less control of disease). 

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