Physical examinations

Euler first suggested that the nitronium ion was the active species, but proof of this did not come for many years. Investigations of the mechanisms have been chiefly concerned with the physical examination of the media used, and with the kinetics of the reactions. 

Cholesterol is biosynthesized in the liver trans ported throughout the body to be used in a va riety of ways and returned to the liver where it serves as the biosynthetic precursor to other steroids But cholesterol is a lipid and isn t soluble in water How can it move through the blood if it doesn t dis solve in if The answer is that it doesn t dissolve but IS instead carried through the blood and tissues as part of a lipoprotein (lipid + protein = lipoprotein) The proteins that carry cholesterol from the liver are called low density lipoproteins or LDLs those that return it to the liver are the high-density lipoproteins or HDLs If too much cholesterol is being transported by LDL or too little by HDL the extra cholesterol builds up on the walls of the arteries caus mg atherosclerosis A thorough physical examination nowadays measures not only total cholesterol con centration but also the distribution between LDL and HDL cholesterol An elevated level of LDL cholesterol IS a risk factor for heart disease LDL cholesterol is bad cholesterol HDLs on the other hand remove excess cholesterol and are protective HDL cholesterol IS good cholesterol... 

Physical examinations, employee training and educational programs, medical protection, and record keeping, among others, are required. The regional OSHA office should be consulted for the latest rules and regulations. 

Much earlier than these encyclopedias is a book first published in 1941 (Chalmers and Quarrell 1941, I960) and devoted to the physical examination of metals . This multiauthor book includes some recondite methods, such as the study of the damping capacity of solids (Section 5.1). In the second edition, the authors remark Not the least of the many changes that have taken place since the first edition appeared has been in the attitude of the metallurgist to pure science and to modern techniques involving scientific principles. The two editions span the period to which I have attributed the quantitative revolution , in Chapter 5. 

Chalmers, B. and Quarrell, A.G. (1941, 1960) The Physical Examination of Materials, 1st and 2nd editions (Edward Arnold, London). 

Inspection period. All relevant documents, the installation and its components are visually and physically examined, with all energy sources isolated. The commissioning program is finalized. 

Assessment involves collecting objective and subjective data. Objective data are facts obtained by means of a physical assessment or physical examination. Subjective data are facts supplied by the patient or the patient s family. 

It is important to perform a complete physical examination and history before the institution of therapy. The nurse examines the involved areas and describes them in detail on the patient s record to provide a database for comparison during therapy. 

These drugp are often given on an outpatient basis. Each time the patient is seen in the clinic or primary health care provider s office, the nurse performs a general physical examination, with particular attention given to the affected areas. 

Antitussives are used to relieve a nonproductive cough. When the cough is productive of sputum, it should be treated by die primary health care provider who, based on a physical examination, may or may not prescribe or recommend an antitussive... 

EMETICS Because treatment of poison ingestion is an emergency, the nurse immediately obtains equipment for treatment. The nurse obtains the drag, an emesis basin, towels, specimen containers for sending contents of the stomach to the laboratory for analysis, and a suction machine and places them near the patient. The nurse obtains the patient s blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate and performs a brief physical examination to determine what other damages or injuries, if any, may have occurred. 

A thorough physical examination and laboratory and diagnostic tests are performed before a child is accepted into a growth program. Before therapy is started, the nurse takes and records the patient s vital signs, height, and weight. 

A comprehensive assessment of the stimulant-dependent patients psychological, medical, forensic, and drug use history may be difficult, because information may be incomplete or unreliable. In recognition of this deficiency, it is important that the patient receives a thorough physical examination, as well... 

Accurate diagnosis of patients with inhalant use disorders may require a variety of methods, including psychiatric history and mental status examination, physical examination and laboratory testing, neuropsychological testing, and neurophysiological testing. 

Through the patient s history and physical examination, the physicians will identify any specific factor such as medications, prior procedures and medical conditions that can affect... 

In a second more extensive study, Capronor was implanted in rats and cynomolgus monkeys. Clinical chemistry observations, physical examinations, qualitative food consumption, urinalysis, and oph-... 

The diagnosis of a specific type of porphyria can generally be established by consideration of the chnical and family history, the physical examination, and appropriate laboratory tests. The major findings in the six principal types of porphyria are listed in Table 32-2. 

A detailed clinical history, past medical and surgical history, medications, allergies, laboratory work-up, physical examination, and NIHSS should be obtained as quickly as possible for assessment of inclusion and exclusion criteria for lAT. Table 4.1 lists the criteria for catheter-based reperfusion therapy currently in place at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Table 4.1 see also www.acutestroke.com for updated criteria). 

A detailed physical examination of the purple complex formed in alkaline solution between Fe(III), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and peroxide shows it to have a composition [Fe "(EDTA)02] (togA, 3 c =4.33). This complex catalyses decomposition of peroxide, the rate-pH profile going through a maximum at pH 9-10 . 

Any of the motor or autonomic signs, and hypertension and/or nystagmus may occur with any of the minor PCP patterns. Minor patterns should not be diagnosed on physical examination in an emergency department without adequate information about the patient s behavior and sensoriurn prior to admission. Many patients with major patterns may be alert and oriented when they reach the hospital. If no history is available, the patient is kept under observation and rhabdomyolysis is ruled out. 

History (previous crises, previous medications, recreational drug use), physical examination (mandatory fundoscopic examination, blood pressure on all limbs), urinalysis, and electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, peripheral blood smear, complete blood count, electrocardiogram (ECG), chest X-ray, and head CT... 

Sustained 60 min after last treatment ° Normal physical examination and no distress... 

DW, a 78-year-old Caucasian man, presents to the emergency room with complaints of a headache persisting over the last 3 days. Repeated blood pressure measurements average 200/11 0 mm Hg. He reports no other symptoms and physical examination and laboratory tests are unremarkable as is his past medical history with the exception of hypertension diagnosed in his early 60s. DW reports that he is struggling on a fixed retirement income with no prescription coverage and takes "what I can afford." Blood pressure medications are carvedilol 25 mg twice daily, amlodipine 10 mg once daily, torsemide (Demadex )... 

Perform thorough neurological and physical examinations evaluating for a potential cause of the stroke. 

Is there a detectable blood pressure If yes, obtain history, perform physical examination, obtain blood for baseline laboratory tests, and monitor ECG. If not, begin isotonic crystalloid fluid resuscitation immediately (see step 4 below). 

Patient Encounter 1, Part 2 Physical Examination, Laboratory Tests, and Diagnostic Procedures ... 

Findings on physical examination can assist in determining hydration status and disease severity. The presence of blood in... 

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