Alkyl-benzene sulfonate

ABS Alkyl benzene sulfonate MSDA Material safety data sheets... 

The most common ingredient in shampoos is also the most common detergent in use in other products a class of surfactants known as straight-chain alkyl benzene sulfonates. Examples are ammonium lauryl sulfate, its sodium relative, and the slightly larger but related molecule ammonium lauryl ether sulfate (sometimes abbreviated as ammonium laureth sulfate). 

Microbes could not break down branch-chain detergents, so they left foam in river water. They were replaced by straight-chain alkyl benzene sulfonates, such as sodium dodecylbenzene-sulfonate and sodium xylenesulfonate. 

Alkyl benzene sulfonates (ABS). Branched-chain anionic surfactants. Slow to biodegrade. Seldom used. 

Linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS). Straight-chain anionic surfactants. Somewhat slow to biodegrade. Most common surfactants in use. 

Based on petrochemicals, linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) are the most important surfactants. First description can be found in patents from the mid-1930s [2] using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and Friedel-Crafts reactions. With the beginning of the 1950s the importance of the class of surfactants rose. The main use is in household and cleaning products. 

A munber of organic compounds are suitable for use as tracers in a process for monitoring the flow of subterranean fluids. The following traces have been proposed benzene tetracarboxylic acid, methylbenzoic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, naphthalene-trisulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, alkyl toluene sulfonic acid, alkyl xylene sulfonic acid, a-olefin sulfonic acid, salts of the foregoing acids, naphthalenediol, aniline, substituted aniline, pyridine, substituted pyridines [883]. 

Surfactants Alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates... 

A wide range of anionic surfactants (Fig. 23) has been classified into groups, including alkyl benzene sulfonates (ABS), linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS), alcohol sulfates (AS), alcohol ether sulfates (AES), alkyl phenol ether sulfates (APES), fatty acid amide ether sulfates (FAES), alpha-olefin sulfates (AOS), paraffin sulfonates, alpha sulfonated fatty acids and esters, sulfonated fatty acids and esters, mono- and di-ester sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinamates, petroleum sulfonates, phosphate esters, and ligno-sulfonates. Of the anionic surfactants, ABS and LAS continue to be the major products of anionic surfactants [314, 324]. Anionic surfactants have been extensively monitored and characterized in various environmental matrices [34,35,45,325-329]. 

Alkyl ether sulfates are/after alkyl benzene sulfonates(LAS),the group of technically important anionic surfactants with the largest production voluJne and product value. They have in comparison with other anionic surfactants special properties which are based on the particular structure of the molecule. These are expressed,for example,in the general adsorption properties at different interfaces, and in the Krafft-Point. Alkyl ether sulfates may be used under conditions, at which the utilization of other surfactant classes is very limited. They possess particularly favorable interfacial and application properties in mixtures with other surfactants. The paper gives a review of all important mechanisms of action and properties of interest for application. 

In most products,alkyl ether sulfates are used in form of mixtures with other surfactants. Alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) is the most important anionic surfactant used in combination with alkyl ether sulfates. 

Koparkar, Y.P. and Gaikar, V.G. Solubility of o-/)3-hydroxyacetophenones in aqueous solutions of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate hydrotropes, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 49(4) 800-803, 2004. 

For instance, if the surfactant in Fig. 3 (left) scan is an alkyl-benzene sulfonate with a 14 carbon atom alkylate, and it is changed for a 12 carbon atom alkylate, then another scan with the same oil, alcohol, and temperature shows that the optimum salinity becomes S2 = 4.5 wt. % NaCI (Fig. 3 right). It follows that In S has increased by 0.72 unit, hence a should have decreased by 0.72 unit according to... 

Doe PH, Wade WH, Schechter RS (1977) Alkyl benzene sulfonates for producing low interfacial tensions between hydrocarbons and water. J Colloid Interface Sci 59 525-531... 

Feijtel, T.C.J. and Belanger, S.E. (1999) Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap. Environ Toxicol Chem, 18, 2653-2663. 

Dissolve alkyl benzene sulfonic acid in water. 

Cal soft F-90 Sodium linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 90% Pi lot... 

Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) CHi(CHj),OS03Na (Jr ranges from 9 to 17) Alkyl sulfate... 

Sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates were developed in the early 1970s. The structure of sodium 3-dodecylbenzene sulfate, C18H29S03Na, is given below. 

Roberts, D.W. 1989. Aquatic toxicity of linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS)—A QSAR analysis. Communicaciones presentadas a las Jornadas Espanol de la Detergencia 29, 35-43. 

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