Anilines 0-substituted

The electronic properties of the aniline are important in the Doebner reaction. The reaction works best with electronic donating groups. Anilines substituted with a chlorine at the meta position consistently give low yields, but fluorine at the meta position seems... 

A munber of organic compounds are suitable for use as tracers in a process for monitoring the flow of subterranean fluids. The following traces have been proposed benzene tetracarboxylic acid, methylbenzoic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, naphthalene-trisulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, alkyl toluene sulfonic acid, alkyl xylene sulfonic acid, a-olefin sulfonic acid, salts of the foregoing acids, naphthalenediol, aniline, substituted aniline, pyridine, substituted pyridines [883]. 

The use of trialkyl phosphates for dialkylation of anilines has been found applicable to naphthylamines and to a large number of anilines substituted in the ortho, meta, or para position by groups such as chloro, methoxy, and methyl and in the meta position by fluoroalkyl (author s laboratory). The reaction has been used to introduce ethyl and M-butyl as well as methyl groups by employing the appropriate phosphate esters. The reported yields range from 50% to 95%. 

A large number of benzylidene-anilines, substituted in either or both rings, have been tested for phototropic behaviour, Of these, some are phototropic and others not. There is no apparent chemical basis for this distinction and, in fact, the different polymorphic forms of certain compounds have been found to react differently towards light. 

Arenesulfonyl chlorides.1 Aryldiazonium chlorides are converted into arenesul-I onyl chlorides by reaction with S02 and CuCl. Yields from the corresponding aniline arc 30 90%, being highest with anilines substituted with electron-withdrawing substituents. 

Compounds with Reactive Methylene Groups. In this group the coupling components with the greatest industrial importance are the A-acetoacetyl derivatives of aromatic amines (acetoacetarylides) CH3COCH2CONHAr. Anilines substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, and acylamino groups are most suitable (e.g., Napthol AS-IRG). 

Amine arylation.1 This reaction can be effected at 25° with aryllead triacetates in the presence of Cu(OAc)2. Yields are high in reactions of anilines substituted by electron-releasing groups. Only primary linear aliphatic amines are arylated, albeit in poor yield. 

One equivalent each of unsubstituted aniline, substituted aniline, and pyridine-2-carbaldehyde were mixed in DMSO. Following equilibration, no free aldehyde could be detected An equilibrium mixture of imines and free anilines was observed in each case. Once the equilibrium had stabilized, half of an equivalent of copper( I) was added, and the equilibrium population of the two free anilines was again measured. 

In addition to hydrolysis into anilines, substituted phenylureas can also be converted,... 

Oxidations. Anilines substituted by halo, nitro, cyano, and alkylalkoxy groups arc oxidized by 1 in HO.Ac to the conesponding nitro compounds in 75-90% yield. Over-oxidation is usual when this oxidation is applied to anilines substituted by electron-donating groups. In successful reactions, yields are comparable to those obtained with CF,COjH (1, 821-822). 

Some authors describe the covalent polymer bindii of phthalocyanines Co(II)-tetraammophthalocyanine (12 c) was coupled with cyanuric chloride to the amino groups of crosslinked aminated polystyrene or polyacrylamide (with aniline substituted groups) to get (45) and (46) >. 

The chemical information available through LFER is primarily the reaction constant p, but this value depends upon the substituent constants selected for the construction of the LFER. The u values available are ct, ct", ct" or and Ui, these quantities are listed, for many substituents, in Tables 7-1, 7-3, 7-4, 7-6, and 7-7. A reasonable approach is to plot log k against the substituent constant defined by a standard reaction that is expected to be most like the reaction under study. It is also reasonable to plot log k against several of the ct quantities, seeking the best correlation. [In choosing between two types of substituent constants, it is necessary to make use of substituents for which the two scales (say ct and rr, for example) are not themselves correlated, for otherwise both LFERs will be acceptable. ] The ct or o constants should be applicable to reactions that do not combine reaction sites and para substituents of the + and — type (push-pull systems capable of through resonance) for example, one would not expect ct" or o to provide good correlations for reactions of phenols or anilines substituted with nitro or cyano or for reactions of benzoic acids substituted with amino or methoxy. 

Group XII Anilines substituted on the ring or related heterocompoimds having no more than one substituent or fimction on an amino nitrogen ... 

The acetoxymercuri derivatives from aniline, substituted aniline, and toluidine compounds, when treated with aqueous sodium thiosulphate give mercuri-bis products of the type E,2Hg, sometimes with the formation of a thiosulphate as an intermediate product,... 

Substituted PANIs (polymers of functionalize aniline molecules), on the other hand, have also become an alternative choice to obtaining the desired properties of processability and solubility. For example, the polymerization of a derivatised aniline such as 2-methoxyaniline, results in a soluble conducting polymer. In general, substituent groups present in the units of the polymer chain cause decrease in the stiffness of the polymer chain to result in better solubility. Unfortunately such improvements by substitution of groups in the phenyl ring or A -position of polyaniline units are also accompanied by decrease of conductivity. Nevertheless, aniline substituted with two methoxy groups, 2,5-dimethoxyaniline, has been reported to contrarily produce a soluble polymer, poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline), PDMA, with a conductivity similar to PANI [57]. 

Anilines substituted at the para-position exhibit some contribution from a quinoid structure depending on the other substituents... 

Aromatic amines such as aniline and some of its 4-substituted derivatives have been used for reactions with 5,8-dichloropyrido[2,3-t/]pyridazine, affording the 5,8-dianilino compounds 18. With one equivalent of aniline, both isomeric anilino-substituted chloropyrido[2,3-e/]-pyridazines 16 and 17 are obtained. In 8-chloro-5-ethoxypyrido[2,3-c/]pyridazine, aniline substitutes the chlorine to give 19.93... 

A structural characteristic of some of these derivatives is that the nitrogen of the aniline substituted on the ring is substituted by aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic and aromatic acyl radicals. 

Initial imine or iminium generation from amines can be used to allow C-X (X = heteroatom) or C-C bond formation. Thus, anilines substituted in the orf/zo-position with X-H functionalities (X = 0, NMe, S) have been dehy-drogenatively condensed with benzylamines under mpg-CN photocatalysis to yield the corresponding benzofused heterocycles [122]. Via iminium intermediates, AI-aryl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines could be dehydrogenatively coupled photocatalytically by mpg-CN to various carbon nucleophiles derived from nitroalkanes, malonates, and 2-alkanones, and the latter via tandem organocatalysis with proline [124]. 

Hexamethylenediamine lWb uylamine 4> Oxy-ethylated butylamine Oxy-ettuiated aniline Substituted pipeiazone Substituted pyrrolidine ) Substituted > idine ) Triazds ) Substituted benziroidazols Pobrvinyl pyridine )... 

Phenol or aniline substituted with an electron-releasing group (alkoxy, hydroxyl, more than one alkyl group)... 

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