Xylene sulfonic acid

The choice of catalyst is based primarily on economic effects and product purity requirements. More recentiy, the handling of waste associated with the choice of catalyst has become an important factor in the economic evaluation. Catalysts that produce less waste and more easily handled waste by-products are strongly preferred by alkylphenol producers. Some commonly used catalysts are sulfuric acid, boron trifluoride, aluminum phenoxide, methanesulfonic acid, toluene—xylene sulfonic acid, cationic-exchange resin, acidic clays, and modified zeoHtes. 

Sulfonic acids may be hydrolytically cleaved, using high temperatures and pressures, to drive the reaction to completion. As would be expected, each sulfonic acid has its own unique hydrolytic desulfonation temperature. Lower alkane sulfonic acids possess excellent hydrolytic stability, as compared to aromatic sulfonic acids which ate readily hydrolyzed. Flydrolytic desulfonation finds use in the separation of isomers of xylene sulfonic acids and other substituted mono-, di-, and polysulfonic acids. 

A munber of organic compounds are suitable for use as tracers in a process for monitoring the flow of subterranean fluids. The following traces have been proposed benzene tetracarboxylic acid, methylbenzoic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, naphthalene-trisulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, alkyl toluene sulfonic acid, alkyl xylene sulfonic acid, a-olefin sulfonic acid, salts of the foregoing acids, naphthalenediol, aniline, substituted aniline, pyridine, substituted pyridines [883]. 

The crude pigment may also be treated with an aromatic sulfonic acid (such as toluene sulfonic acid, xylene sulfonic acids, m-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid) in sulfuric acid or with nitric acid at 80°C to yield a somewhat redder yellow transparent modification of flavanthrone [22],... 

Erythritol and L-threitol have also been dehydrated by means of 50% sulfuric acid at 120° to the corresponding 1,4-anhydrides.6 On heating erythritol in the presence of a small proportion of a xylene-sulfonic acid at 130-150° under vacuum, an 89% yield of 1,4-anhydro-DL-erythritol was obtained.7... 

In m-xylene the two methyl groups agree in activating the same positions, and this is the only one of the three isomeric xylenes which can be nitrated satisfactorily to yield a trinitro derivative. Since the three isomers occur in the same fraction of coal tar and cannot readily be separated by distillation, it is necessary to separate them by chemical means. When the mixed xylenes are treated with about their own weight of 93 per cent sulfuric acid for 5 hours at 50°, the o-xylene (b.p. 144°) and the m-xylene (b.p. 138.8°) are converted into water-soluble sulfonic acids, while the p-xylene (b.p. 138.5°) is unaffected. The aqueous phase is removed, diluted with water to about 52 per cent acidity calculated as sulfuric acid, and then heated in an autoclave at 130° for 4 hours. The m-xylene sulfonic acid is converted to m-xylene, which is removed. The o-xylene sulfonic acid, which remains in solution, may be converted into o-xylene by autoclaving at a higher temperature. The nitration of m-xylene is conveniently carried out in three steps. The effect of the two methyl... 

An anionic mlcroemulslon system was based on blends of monoethanolamlne salts of bilinear dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and branched pentadecyl o-xylene sulfonic acid. The bilinear structure results from the alkylation of benzene with a linear a-olefin. The former acts as a surfactant hydrophile (H) while the latter acts as a surfactant lipophile (L) at room temperature for the oil and water phases used in this study. The hydrophile tends to form water-continuous emulsions while the lipophile forms oil-continuous emulsions. The hydrophile-lipophile characteristics were varied by changing the weight ratio of H/L from 0.5 to 0.8. Decane was used as the oil phase and 2.0 wt. X NaCl In water as the aqueovis phase. The water-oil ratio was fixed at 95/5 and the total surfactant content was fixed at 2 g/dl. 

Sulfonation of toluene with 98-102% H2SO4 to produce toluene sulfonic acids has been discussed in detail in Chapter 2. The process can be extended to xylene for production of xylene sulfonic acid. Thus sulfonation of m-xylene with 95% sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid yields a product consisting predominately of 2,4-dimethylbenze sulfonic acid which on caustic fusion at 320°C produces 2,4-xylene with 79% yield [1]. On heating the sulfonation mixture to approx. 220°C the more stable 3,5-dimethyl sulfonic acid which on fusion with excess alkali gives 3,5-xylenol [1,50]. 

Benzenesulfonic acid, dimethyl- Dimethylbenzene-sulfonic acid EINECS 246-839-8 Xylene sulfonic acid Xylenesulphonic acid. Mixture of 0, m and p-isomers. 

XSA. [Hart Qiem. Ltd.] Xylene sulfonic acid catalyst to resins. 

Ash 50-g sample with xylene sulfonic acid and cobalt internal standard. 

Benzenesulfonic acid, dimethyl-. See Xylene sulfonic acid Benzenesulfonic acid, dimethyl-, ammonium sah. See Ammonium xy-... 

Dimethyl benzeneorthodicarboxylate. See Dimethyl phthalate Dimethylbenzenesulfonic acid. See Xylene sulfonic acid N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine. See N-Benzyidimethylamine a,a-Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide. See Cumene hydroperoxide Dimethyl bis (p-hydroxyphenyl) methane. See Bisphenol A Dimethyl butanedioate. See Dimethyl succinate 1,3-Dimethyl butanol. See2-Methyl-1-pentanol Dimethyl 2-butenedioate. See Dimethyl maleate Dimethylbutyl acetate 1,3-Dimethylbutyl acetate. See Methyl amyl acetate... 

Benzenesulfonic acid, dimethyl-. See Xylene sulfonic acid... 

ELO. See Epoxidized linseed oil Eltesol 4200. See Xylene sulfonic acid Eltesol AC60, Eltesol ACS 60. See Ammonium cumenesulfonate Eltesol AX40. See Ammonium xylenesulfonate... 

Eltesol XA65 Eltesol XA90 Eltesol XA Eltesol XA/M65. See Xylene sulfonic acid Elubiol. See Dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan Elvace 40-707 Elvace 731 Elvace 733 Elvace 734 Elvace 735 Elvace 736 Elvace 739 Elvace 1870 Elvace 1872 Elvace 1873 Elvace 1874 Elvace 1875 HV Elvace 1875 Elvace 1961 Elvace 40701-00 Elvace 40704-00 Elvace 40705-00 Elvace 40706-00 Elvace 40707-00 Elvace 40709-00 Elvace 40710-00 Elvace 40713-00 Elvace 40722-00 Elvace 40724-00 Elvace 97808-00 Elvace 97809-00 Elvace 97955-00 Elvace 99627-00", Elvace CPS 714 Elvace ... 

Mannose sugar. See D-Mannitol Manoseb. See Mancozeb Manro ALEC 27. See Ammonium laureth sulfate Manro BES 60. See Sodium laureth sulfate Manro CD. See Cocamide DEA Manro CUSA 65. See Cumene sulfonic acid Manro DL 32. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Manro DNNS/B. See Barium dinonyinaphthalene sulfonate Manro DNNS/C. See Calcium dinonyinaphthalene sulfonate Manro FCM 90LV, Manro FCM100. See Xylene sulfonic acid... 

Potassium xanthate Potassium xanthogenate. See Potassium ethyl xanthate Potassium xanthogenate butyi ether. See Potassium n-butyl xanthate Potassium xyiene sulfonate CAS 30346-73-7 EINECS/ELINCS 250-140-3 Synonyms PXS Xylene sulfonic acid,... 

Definition Potassium salt of xylene sulfonic acid Empiricai CsHgOsS K Properties M.w. 224.33 anionic Toxicoiogy TSCA listed Uses Hydrotrope, solubilizer, coupling agent, vise, modifier in liq. formulations hydrotrope in light-duty liq. detergents cloud pt. depressant in detergent formulations surfactant in cosmetics Trade Name Synonyms Eltesol PX 40 [Huntsman Surf. Sciences http //www. huntsman. com/surface sciences] Eltesol PX 93 [Huntsman Surf. Sciences http //www. huntsman. com/surface sciences]... 

Reworyl B 70. See Benzenesulfonic acid Reworyl C 65. See Cumene sulfonic acid Reworyl K. See Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Reworyl NKS 50, Reworyl NKS 100. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Reworyl NXS 40. See Sodium xylenesulfonate Reworyl T 65. See p-Toluene sulfonic acid Reworyl TKS 90/L. See TEA-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Reworyl X 65. See Xylene sulfonic acid Rewotein CPK. See Potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed collagen... 

Surfonic TOFA-5. See PEG-5 tallate Surfonic TOFA-6. See PEG-6 tallate Surfonic TOFA-10. See PEG-10 tallate Surfonic TOFA-20. See PEG-20 tallate Surfonic TX-CCN. See PEG castor oil Surfonic XSA. See Xylene sulfonic acid Surfynoi 61. See Dimethyl hexynol Surfynoi 82. See Dimethyl octynediol Surfynoi 104. See Tetramethyl decynediol Surfynoi 440. See PEG-3.5 tetramethyl decynediol... 

Xincure ITX-2. See 2-Isopropyl thioxanthone Xincure MBP. See 4-Methoxybenzophenone Xincure MBZ. See 4-Methylbenzophenone Xincure PBZ. See p-Phenylbenzophenone Xincure TMBZ. See 2,4,6-T ri methyl benzophenone Xinsorb BP-4. See Benzophenone-4 Xinsorb UV-1. See Ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-N -methyl-N -phenylformamidine Xinsorb UV-9. See Benzophenone-3 Xinsorb UV-A. See Acetanisole Xinsorb UV-P. See Drometrizole X-Link 2833, X-Link 2893, X-Link 5627. See Vinyl acrylic copolymer XLPE. See Polyethylene, crosslinked XO White. See Calcium monocarbonate XP-36P. See Sodium hexametaphosphate X-Pand R . See Food starch, modified XPE. See Polyethylene, crosslinked XPS. See Polystyrene, expandable XSA 80, XSA 90, XSA 95, XSA. See Xylene sulfonic acid... 

Xylene sulfonic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium xylene sulfonate Xylenesulfonic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium xylenesulfonate... 

Butyl acid phosphate Diazabicycloundecene Dinonyinaphthalene sulfonic acid Phenyl acid phosphate Sodium cumenesulfonate Xylene sulfonic acid catalyst, cobalt salts Cobalt tetracarbonyl... 

Tetrabutyl titanate Tetraisopropyl titanate p-Toluene sulfonic acid Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid Xylene sulfonic acid Zirconium butoxide catalyst, esterification reactions Chlorosulfuric acid catalyst, esterifying plasticizers Stannous chloride anhydrous catalyst, esterifying polyesters Stannous chloride anhydrous... 

Hexamethylenetetramine curing agent, phenolic foundry resins Xylene sulfonic acid curing agent, phenolic resins p-Toluene sulfonic acid curing agent, phenolic/amino resins Cumene sulfonic acid... 

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