Surfactants speciality

The resulting solutions contain high dissolved soHds content in the range of 30 wt % or more. Special surfactant technology (25) is sometimes used to avoid precipitation of Al(OH)3 or at least to extend the shelf life of the caustic Hquor. 

Phosphorus-containing anionics are special surfactants with special properties. The variety of possible molecular structures makes possible a variety of properties and effects as well. 

Polyolefins. Low density polyethylene and polypropylene have been developed as sheet and hollow fiber mlcroporous membranes, respectively, for use In plasmapheresis. Polyethylene Is made porous by stretching the annealed film ( ), while polypropylene la made porous by coextruding hollow fibers with a leachable plasticizer. Neither membrane has been prepared with small pore dimensions suitable for protein rejection. These polyolefin membranes are characterized by good chemical stability, but require special surfactant treatments to make them wettable. Their low deformation temperature precludes the use of steam sterilization. Because they are extruded without the usual antl-oxldants and stabilizers, their stability la lower than Injection molding formulations of the same polymer. 

A significant number of patents on LDLDs have been issued in the U.S., Europe, and Japan in recent years. Listed in Table 7.10 are examples of LDLD patents formulating for effective soil removal/cleaning. The technology utilized in these patents ranges from special surfactants, surfactant mixtures, salts, and microemulsion to the use of special additives such as lemon juice and abrasives. 

Some data are summarised in Table 5.4., calculated for a special surfactant mixture of two surfactants, having a ratio of the surface activities of 5-=100. The indices "ad" and "des"... 

The purity of the prepared solutions can be checked by the criteria discussed above. For special surfactants, a specific analysis of impurities by very sensitive methods is possible. Czichocki et al. (1981) and Vollhardt Czichocki (1990) have shown the strong impurity effect of isomeric alcohols on the adsorption properties of sodium alkyl sulphates. The purity of the solutions could be analysed in this case by a highly sensitive HPLC method, which carmot simply be transferred to other surfactant systems. 

Plastilube. [Plastics Chem.] Special surfactants and lubricants. 

Blunk D, Bierganns P, Bongartz N, Tessendorf R, Stubenrauch C. New speciality surfactants with natural structural motifs. New Journal of Chemistry. 2006 30(12) 1705-1717. 

However, alkane sulfonates cannot be produced as inexpensively as alkylbenzene sulfonates. Therefore, they are mainly used as special surfactants in blends... 

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