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Aging vitamin intake

Age, calcium intake, hormonal status, exercise and vitamin status have all been implicated in the development of osteoporosis. Estrogen levels represent an important factor in skeletal calcium retention and homeostasis. In therapeutic trials in which post-menopausal women were given daily doses of estrogens, such therapy has been demonstrated to be partially effective in reducing the rate of bone resorption. However, this therapy has the concomitant hazard of endometrial cancer (10). Vitamin D and its hormones have been given considerable attention in the more recent studies. Without adequate dietary and tissue levels of such vitamins, calcium absorption and bone status will be impaired. [Pg.76]

Vitamin Be requirements have been estimated both by isotopic tracer studies to determine turnover of the body pool (Section 9.6.1) and also by depletion/ repletion studies using a variety of indices of status (Section 9.6.2). These studies have generally been conducted on young adults, and there is inadequate information to determine the requirements of elderly people, because apparent status assessed by a variety of indices declines with increasing age, despite intake as great as in younger people (Bates et al., 1999a). As discussed in Section 9.6.3, there is also inadequate information to estimate the requirements of infants. [Pg.256]

Since then, at least 47 reports on AEDs and B vitamin status have been published 43 cross-sectional studies and 4 prospective trials, comprising about 6700 patients. Most of the investigators report on findings in less than 100 patients the exceptions are two with a larger material of 610 and 2730 patients, respectively (Krause et al. 1988 Linnebank et al. 2011). The levels of B vitamins vary according to age, gender, intake of multivitamins, use of tobacco and intake of alcohol. However, it may be difficult to evaluate some aspects of the cross-sectional studies due to the lack of properly matched controls. [Pg.541]

Moreiras, O., and Carbajal, A., 1994, Antioxidant vitamin intake of the Spanish population The influence of smoking and alcohol intake on two age groups, Bibl. Nutr. Dieta 51 150-156. [Pg.154]

The recommended riboflavin requirements for humans vary with respect to sex, age, and physiological state (such is the case during pregnancy and lactation). Normal adults need to consume between 0.9 and 1.6 mg of this vitamin on a daily basis since the human body does not have deposits of riboflavin and an excess of vitamin intake is eliminated in urine (Institute of Medicine 1998). Although present in a wide variety of foods, riboflavin deficiency (ariboflavinosis) still occurs in both developing and industrialized countries (O Brien et al. 2001 Blanck et al. 2002). Even though severe cases of ariboflavinosis are not common in most societies, subclinical manifestations are frequent and these are only detectable by measuring the blood vitamin concentrations. [Pg.281]

Figure 2 O (WG) and (refined) adjusted HRR for age and total energy intake. (WG) and (refined) adjusted for age, energy intake, marital status, education, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, BMI, WHR, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, use of vitamin supplements, HRT, total fat, saturated fat, intake of fruits and vegetables, intake of meat and intake of fish and seafood. Figure 2 O (WG) and (refined) adjusted HRR for age and total energy intake. (WG) and (refined) adjusted for age, energy intake, marital status, education, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, BMI, WHR, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, use of vitamin supplements, HRT, total fat, saturated fat, intake of fruits and vegetables, intake of meat and intake of fish and seafood.
Smaller pool sizes with normal semm B 2 levels may be maintained with dietary intakes below 1 pg. However, more substantial pool sizes are considered advantageous as protection against the development of pernicious anemia, which may occur in advanced age achlorhydria becomes more common after age 60, resulting in compromised absorption of vitamin 2-... [Pg.112]

In the Unites States, the daily intake of 3-carotene is around 2 mg/day Several epidemiological studies have reported that consumption of carotenoid-rich foods is associated with reduced risks of certain chronic diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, and age-related macular degeneration. These preventive effects of carotenoids may be related to their major function as vitamin A precursors and/or their actions as antioxidants, modulators of the immune response, and inducers of gap-junction communications. Not all carotenoids exert similar protective effects against specific diseases. By reason of the potential use of carotenoids as natural food colorants and/or for their health-promoting effects, research has focused on better understanding how they are absorbed by and metabolized in the human body. [Pg.161]

Routine antioxidant vitamin supplementation, e.g. with vitamins C and/or E, of the diabetic diet should be considered. Vitamin C depletion is present in all diabetics irrespective of the presence of vascular disease. A recent study demonstrated no significant difference between the dietary intake of vitamin C (the main determinant of plasma ascorbate) in patients with diabetes and age-matched controls, confirming the view that ascorbate depletion is secondary to the diabetic process and su esting that diabetic patients require additional intakes of the vitamin to maintain optimal levels (Sinclair et /., 1994). Antioxidant supplementation may have additive beneficial effects on a wide variety of processes involved in diabetic vascular damage including blood pressure, immune function, inflammatory reactions. [Pg.194]

Some osteoporosis risk factors (see Table 53-1) are non-modifiable, including family history, age, ethnicity, sex, and concomitant disease states. However, certain risk factors for bone loss may be minimized or prevented by early intervention, including smoking, low calcium intake, poor nutrition, inactivity, heavy alcohol use, and vitamin D deficiency. [Pg.857]

Although most fragility fractures in women occur after age 50, certain groups of premenopausal women are at high risk for osteoporosis. The NOF recommends measuring bone mineral density in premenopausal women with risk factors in addition to sex and race, in whom treatment would be considered.1 Premenopausal women at risk for osteoporosis should follow all nonpharmacologic recommendations for exercise and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake. Currently, no good data... [Pg.864]

Determine average calcium intake from diet (see Table 53-5) and supplements (see Table 53-6). Compare with age-adjusted recommendations (see Table 53—4). Evaluate the patient s sources of vitamin D. [Pg.865]

Other dietary factors implicated in prostate cancer include retinol, carotenoids, lycopene, and vitamin D consumption.5,6 Retinol, or vitamin A, intake, especially in men older than age 70, is correlated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, whereas intake of its precursor, [3-carotene, has a protective or neutral effect. Lycopene, obtained primarily from tomatoes, decreases the risk of prostate cancer in small cohort studies. The antioxidant vitamin E also may decrease the risk of prostate cancer. Men who developed prostate cancer in one cohort study had lower levels of l,25(OH)2-vitamin D than matched controls, although a prospective study did not support this.2 Clearly, dietary risk factors require further evaluation, but because fat and vitamins are modifiable risk factors, dietary intervention may be promising in prostate cancer prevention. [Pg.1359]

Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group (2007), The relationship of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A, E, and C intake with age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study, AREDS Report No. 22, Arch. Ophthalmol. 125 1225-1232. [Pg.108]

Cho, E., J. M. Seddon et al. (2004). Prospective study of intake of fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and carotenoids and risk of age-related maculopathy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 122(6) 883-892. [Pg.277]

Group and Ages Institute of Medicine Adequate Intake Elemental Calami (mgf Vitamin D (mibf ... [Pg.36]

In summary, the results of this life-long experiment on female mice indicated that low or high Ca intake early in life did not have any significant effect on the skeletal Ca in adulthood, but the continued high Ca intake reduced the turnover rate in old age. Consequently the strengh of the bone was better preserved than that in the mice fed the low Ca diet. This supports the use of Ca supplements even in old patients suffering from osteoporosis, provided their vitamin D status is adequate. Dietary fluoride... [Pg.152]

Calcium/Vitamin D supplementation Patients should receive supplemental calcium if dietary intake is inadequate. Patients at increased risk for vitamin D insufficiency (eg, those in nursing homes, chronically ill, older than 70 years of age), should receive vitamin D supplementation in addition to that provided in alendronate/cholecalciferol. Patients with Gl malabsorption syndromes may require higher doses of vitamin D supplementation consider measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. [Pg.358]

Recently we published data that even in countries with excellent food sources and availability, insufficient vitamin A supply will occur (Schulz et ah, 2007). The aim of this trial was to analyze vitamin A and p-carotene status and investigate the contribution of nutrition to vitamin A and p-carotene supply in mother-infant pairs of multiparous births or births within short birth rates. Twenty-nine volimteers aged between 21 and 36 years were evaluated for 48 hours after delivery. In order to establish overall supply, retinol and p-carotene were determined in maternal plasma, cord blood, and colostrum via HPLC analysis. A food frequency protocol was obtained from all participants. Regardless of the high-to-moderate socioeconomic background, 27.6% of participants showed plasma retinol levels below 1.4 pmol/liter, which can be taken as borderline deficiency. In addition, 46.4% showed retinol intake <66% of RDA and 50.0% did not consume liver at all, although liver contributes as a main source for preformed retinol. Despite a high total carotenoid intake of 6.9 3.9mg/day, 20.7% of mothers showed plasma levels <0.5 pmol/liter p-carotene. [Pg.189]

Martini and Wood (2002) tested the bioavailability of 3 different sources of Ca in 12 healthy elderly subjects (9 women and 3 men of mean SEM age 70 3 and 76 6 years, respectively) in a 6-week crossover trial conducted in a Human Study Unit. Each Ca source supplied 1000 mg Ca/day and was ingested for 1 week with meals (as 500 mg Ca 2x/day), thus contributing to a high-Ca intake (1300 mg Ca/day). A low-Ca intake (300 mg Ca/day strictly from the basal diet) was adhered to for 1 week in-between each treatment. The Ca sources included skim milk, CCM-fortified OJ, and a dietary supplement of CaCOa. Assessment parameters were indirect measures predicted to reflect the relative bioavailability of Ca postprandially via an acute PTH suppression test (hourly for 4h). Longer-term responses to Ca supplementation were assessed via a number of urinary and serum hormone, mineral, and bone resorption biomarkers (i.e., vitamin D, Ca, phosphorus, and collagen t) e 1 N-telopeptide cross-links). [Pg.265]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.344 , Pg.621 ]




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