Adults, normal

Selenomethionine group had altered immune function, altered serum enzyme activities, and elevated concentrations of selenium in liver (4 times control values) and breast muscle (14 times). Sodium selenite-treated birds had normal immune function and selenium tissue burdens however, serum enzyme activity was disrupted in the 3.5 mg/L group Adults normal. Impaired reproduction (reduced survival of ducklings, increased developmental abnormalities) for selenomethionine occurs between 4 and 8 mg/kg ration selenocysteine did not impair reproduction at 16 mg Se/kg ration... 

Fulvestrant has demonstrated high antiuterotrophic potency in several animal models. This compound has been reported to block the uterus development in immature rats (Wakeling et al. 1991) and to promote the involution of uterus in adult normal (Dukes et al. 1993) and ovariectomized monkeys (Dukes et al. 1992). In vivo, RU 58668 displayed a total antiuterotrophic activity in mice and rats without exhibiting any agonistic effect (Van de Velde et al. 1994). 

The underlying assumption of the MSLT is that lower scores indicate greater sleepiness and vice versa. A common rubric holds that a daily average score of less than 5 min indicates a pathological level of daytime sleepiness. This level is associated with impaired performance in patients and in sleep-deprived normal subjects (26). Scores of adult normal controls usually range from 10 to 20 min (27). Scores between 5 and 10 min indicate moderate sleepiness, and may or may not be associated with pathological conditions (23). 

Rats Tumor-bearing adult Normal fetal emergence... 

Effects of fasting and refeeding on adult normal and tumor-bearing rats... 

Tourbah, A., Baron-Van Evercooren, A., Oliver, L., Raulais, D., Leanny, J. C., and Gumpel, M., Endogenous aFGF expression and cellular changes after a demyelinating lesion in the spinal cord of adult normal mice immunohistochemical study, J. Neurosci. Res., 33, 47, 1992. 

Adults normally synthesize approximately 1 g of cholesterol and consume about 0.3 g/day. Dietary cholesterol is primarily derived from foods of animal origin such as... 

At birth, renal blood flow is 12 mL/min and the kidneys receive only 5-6% of cardiac output compared to 15-25% in adults (normalized to body surface area). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is directly proportional to gestational age beyond 34 weeks. GFR increases rapidly over the first few weeks of fife, with smaller increases throughout the first year of life. Preterm infants have reduced GFR but exhibit more rapid development in the postnatal period than would have occurred in utero if delivered at term. The peripartum use of steroids to promote lung development during preterm labor may expedite maturation of renal function as well. 

Viacava P, Naccarato AG, Bevilacqua G. Spectrum of GCDFP-15 expression in human fetal and adult normal tissues. Virchows Arch. 1998 432 255-260. 

Bilirubin is derived from haem, an iron-containing protoporphyrin mainly found in haemoglobin (Fig. 2). An adult normally produces about 4.50 pmol of bilirubin daily. It is insoluble in water attd is transported in plasma almost totally... 

The apparent homogeneity in the morphology of adult normal SM tissue is not confirmed when the distribution of some differentiation markers, particularly those inherent to contractility, is taken into account. The contractile activity of adult SM tissues is accomplished by means of specific sets of proteins whose qualitative and quantitative availability determines the final outcome of the functional performance. To fulfill the criterion of the integrated action in developing this function, social interactions among SMC, on the one hand, and between SMC and ECM, on the other, must be established [39]. The cell phenotype that confers the contractile activity to SMC is denominated the contractile phenotype ... 

The renal excretion in adults normally accounts for 60-90% of its total elimination a small quantum gets converted in the liver to dihydrodigoxin. The elimination half-life in adults (normal) ranges between 29 to 13 5 hours (normally 3 6-41 horn). It has been observed that an enhanced GI motility lowers and decreased motility augments absorption. 

Human adult normal liver complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA BioChain Institute Inc., Hayward, CA). 

C. Pharmacokinetics. The usual body content of Mg is approximately 1700-2200 mEq in a 70-kg person most is intracellular. The elimination half-life for a 104-mEq oral dose is approximately 4-5 hours in healthy adults. Normal kidney function is essential for clearance as 97% of ingested Mg is eliminated in the urine. 

The moth Utetheisa ornatrix consumes plants of the genus Crotalaria that contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Although adults normally are not eaten by the spider Nephila clavipes, moths raised in the laboratory were consumed. Males of this species also produce two pyrrolizidines that are closely related to danaidal (10) and three hydrocarbon pheromones. The pyrrolizidines are passed from the male to the female and deposited in the eggs (Eisner and Meinwald, 1987). 

The level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), a by-product of protein metabolism, is used to assess renal function and has an adult normal range of 10-20 mg/dL (3.6-7.1 mmol/L). The range for an infant or child is 5-18 mg/dL for and slightly lower for the newborn. 

Creatinine is also a by-product of metabolism, and its level closely indicates renal function because the level is not affected greatly by intake but rather by renal ou ut. Creatinine has an adult normal range of 0.5-1.1 mg/dL (44-97 mol/L). Since renal failure has a major impact on all electrolytes, it is important to view these indicators of renal function. 

Adults normally contain appreciable stores of essential fatty acids in their tissues and, even when none are supplied in the diet, it takes some time for deficiency symptoms to appear (Collins et al, 1971 Riella et al, 1975). On a high intake of polyunsaturated fat, the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue stores will gradually come to resemble that of the dietary fat, but again, this is a relatively slow process (Hirsch et al, 1960). Thus, in adults perhaps more so than in children, the requirements for dietary essential fatty acids may be considered in terms of long-term trends. 

More realistic are the studies involving gene transfer of cytokines to the adult normal airway/lung and development of models of alleigic airway disease. 

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